甘草中化学成分研究进展

甘草作为一种常用的重要中药,被冠以"众药之王"称号,其药用价值倍受人们的广泛关注。作者通过查阅相关文献,综述了甘草中具有较好生物活性的黄酮类、三萜类以及多糖类化学成分的研究概况,为甘草的综合利用研究提供参考。     

HPLC法测定胃灵冲剂中芍药苷和甘草苷的含量

目的 建立胃灵冲剂中芍药苷和甘草苷的含量测定方法.方法 采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Hypersil ODS2(5μm,4.6 mm ×200 mm)柱,流动相为乙腈-0.1％(体积分数)磷酸溶液(体积比14∶86),检测波长为237 nm,流速为1.0 mL·min-1.结果 芍药苷的线性范围为0.1140 ～0.570...     

复方甘草含片的研究进展

复方甘草含片是在复方甘草片基础上的一次剂型改革,将甘草片改进为含片,使其成为味道适宜、质量稳定的新剂型,主要有镇咳、祛痰、消炎作用。通过实践研究发现,复方甘草含片镇咳祛痰的疗效强于复方甘草片。本文通过查阅分析相关文献,从药理作用、临床疗效、制备工艺、质量控制四个方面系统的阐述了复方甘草含片的研究进展及所取得的进步,为其在临床上合理应用进一步提供了依据。     

Pharmacological Effects of Glycyrrhiza spp. and Its Bioactive Constituents: Update and Review

The roots and rhizomes of various species of the perennial herb licorice (Glycyrrhiza) are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. In experimental and clinical studies, licorice has been shown to have several pharmacological properties including antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antidiabetic, antiasthma, and anticancer activities as well as immunomodulatory, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. In recent years, several of the biochemical, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of licorice and its active components have also been demonstrated in experimental studies. In this review, we summarized the new phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological data from recent experimental and clinical studies of licorice and its bioactive constituents after our previous published review. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Licorice‐Induced Severe Hypokalemia with Recurrent Torsade de Pointes

A 38‐year‐old obese woman presented with recurrent polymorphic ventricular tachycardia secondary to persistent hypokalemia necessitating more than 40 DC shocks. All endocrine investigations for hypokalemia were negative with impression of “mysterious hypokalemia.” On repeated inquiry, a hidden history of licorice use was elicited causing persistent hypokalemia. The case highlights a life threatening complication of licorice use. In addition, it reiterates the importance of repeated history taking in a patient with undiagnosed hypokalemia and torsade de pointes which avoided a device therapy.     

Bioactive constituents of oleanane-type triterpene saponins from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra

Three new oleanane-type triterpene saponins, namely licorice-saponin M3 (1), licorice-saponin N4 (2), and licorice-saponin O4 (3), an artificial product (4), as well as five known triterpene glucuronides (5–9), were isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Their structures were established using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and by comparison with spectroscopic data reported in the literature. The inhibitory effects of the selected compounds on neuraminidase were evaluated, and the preliminary structure–activity relationship was also predicted.     

大孔树脂纯化甘草地上部分总黄酮的工艺

目的以总黄酮回收率为指标,筛选大孔树脂型号并优化富集纯化参数,制定一套适用于甘草地上部分总黄酮的富集纯化工艺。方法实验通过静态和动态的吸附与解吸附两种方法筛选树脂型号;采用正交设计对上样液浓度、上样液pH、上样速度和洗脱乙醇浓度4个因素优选。结果 HPD-BJQH大孔树脂最为适宜;最优工艺为:上样浓度为2.15 mg/mL,上样量为9 BV,上样液pH为5,上样速度为3 BV/h,70%乙醇洗脱,洗脱速度为2 BV/h,洗脱体积为3 BV。纯化后总黄酮的纯度从原来的9.68%提升到36.11%。结论本工艺结果稳定,能较好的纯化甘草地上部分的总黄酮。     

甘草干姜汤加味治疗小儿遗尿症28例

目的：观察甘草干姜汤加味治疗小儿遗尿症的临床效果。方法：28例用甘草干姜汤加味治疗。结果：随访1年,治愈19例,显效8例,无效1例。结论：甘草干姜汤加味治疗小儿遗尿症临床疗效显著。     

Licorice preparations improve efficiency of chemotherapy and surgical treatment of transplanted tumors

Experiments on animals with Lewis lung carcinoma and Ehrlich tumor showed that licorice (glycyrrhiza) extract and glyciram prepared from this plant improved the antitumor effect of cyclophosphamide. Glyciram reduced the toxic effect of the cytostatic on peripheral blood leukocytes. Licorice extract inhibited the growth of Ehrlich tumor and development of metastases in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. Glyciram administered to mice after removal of Lewis lung carcinoma produced an antimetastatic effect and prevented relapses. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 2, pp. 213–217, February, 2008     

NAA和2，4-D对甘草愈伤组织细胞染色体倍性及次生代谢物的影响

目的 建立甘草愈伤组织细胞高频染色体加倍体系,为获得高产量药效成分的甘草品系奠定基础。方法 采用组织培养法对甘草子叶、下胚轴和胚根进行愈伤组织诱导和染色体加倍;利用紫外分光光度法检测愈伤组织甘草酸、甘草总黄酮的量。结果 NAA、2, 4-D不同质量浓度及配比对不同外植体愈伤组织染色体倍性变异具有显著的影响,其中下胚轴2n＞14和2n＝28的细胞频率明显高于子叶和胚根,平均为42.38%和25.19%;且子叶、下胚轴及胚根分别在2.0 mg/L NAA、2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D以及1.0 mg/L 2, 4-D下,2n＞14和2n＝28的细胞频率最高,分别为61.50%、39.20%,63.00%、36.23%,63.50%、37.50%。此外,NAA、2, 4-D对愈伤组织中甘草酸、甘草总黄酮具有明显的促进效应,在1.0 mg/L NAA＋1.0 mg/L 2, 4-D组合下,子叶愈伤组织的甘草酸和甘草总黄酮量均达到最高,分别为52.13 mg/g和8.36 mg/g;在2 mg/L NAA下,下胚轴愈伤组织甘草酸及甘草总黄酮量最高,分别为49.01 mg/g 和8.54 mg/g。相关分析表明,愈伤组织中甘草酸、甘草总黄酮量与2n＝28的细胞频率呈正相关。结论 NAA、2, 4-D对愈伤组织细胞染色体加倍及甘草酸、甘草总黄酮量提高具有显著的促进作用,通过染色体加倍有可能获得高产量药效成分的甘草品系。