Serum IL-21 levels are elevated in atopic dermatitis patients with acute skin lesions

Background

Interleukin (IL)-21 is a member of the type I cytokine family and plays a role in the pathogenesis of T helper type 2 allergic diseases. It has been reported that IL-21 expression is upregulated in acute skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients; however, little is known about the serum IL-21 levels of AD patients. The aim of this study was to quantify the serum IL-21 levels of AD patients and to evaluate the relationships between the serum IL-21 level and disease severity, laboratory markers, and eruption type in AD patients.

降钙素原与乳酸在老年社区获得性肺炎患者预后评估中的应用

目的研究降钙素原(PCT)与乳酸对老年社区获得性肺炎患者的病情和预后的评估作用。方法 118例老年社区获得性肺炎患者,入院后给予PCT、乳酸等检查,并给予肺炎严重指数(PSI)评分。分别比较重症与非重症肺炎、死亡组和存活组PCT、乳酸和PSI的区别;分析PCT、乳酸与PSI的相关性。结果重症肺炎患者乳酸、PCT和PSI评分均大于非重症患者,死亡组乳酸、PCT和PSI评分均大于存活组(P<0.05);乳酸、PCT与PSI评分呈正相关(r=0.63,0.65,P<0.05)。结论 PCT和乳酸对老年社区获得性肺炎患者的预后和病情有评估作用,PCT和乳酸升高提示患者预后差。     

参附注射液联合多巴胺注射液对急性失血性休克患者围术期血流动力学和组织代谢的影响

目的 观察参附注射液联合多巴胺对急性失血性休克患者围术期血流动力学和组织代谢的影响,探讨其在急性失血性休克围术期治疗中的价值.方法 选择急性失血性休克拟行剖腹探查术患者90例,随机分为2组.治疗组45例,对照组45例.麻醉选择气管插管、静吸复合全麻.治疗组麻醉后即给予参附注射液100 ml加入5%葡萄糖注射液500 ml静脉滴注;对照组给予5%葡萄糖注射液500 ml静脉滴注.2组均同时给予多巴胺60 mg加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 ml静脉滴注.其它扩容、输血、扩管等抗休克治疗措施2组相同.于入室前安静状态下(T0)测定收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR),测定每搏量(SR)并计算心排血量(CO)及抽取静脉血测定血乳酸浓度(BL),作为基础值.于气管插管后即刻(T1)、麻醉后1 h(T2)、麻醉后2 h(T3)、术后4 h(T4)、术后8 h(T5)、术后12 h(T6)分别测定并记录以上各项指标.记录2组的出血量和输液输血量.结果 2组各时点与基础值比较SBP、DBP、CO升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),HR下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);治疗组变化更快、更明显,2组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).治疗组各时点BL进行性降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),对照组T4、T5、T6时点BL开始降低(P＜0.05);2组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 参附注射液联合多巴胺注射液应用于急性失血性休克手术患者,能迅速恢复血流动力学稳定,改善微循环和组织代谢,促进休克的复苏.     

Anion gap‐opening metabolic acidosis and urinary findings in the early diagnosis of ethylene glycol poisoning: A case report

Causative agent identification is important in the treatment of poisoning. We report the case of a patient who presented with an altered level of consciousness after drinking a fluorescent pink liquid. Upon measuring the anion gap and urinary calcium oxalate level, the patient was diagnosed with early ethylene glycol poisoning.     

Neuronal lactate levels depend on glia-derived lactate during high brain activity in Drosophila

Lactate/pyruvate transport between glial cells and neurons is thought to play an important role in how brain cells sustain the high-energy demand that neuronal activity requires. However, the in vivo mechanisms and characteristics that underlie the transport of monocarboxylates are poorly described. Here, we use Drosophila expressing genetically encoded FRET sensors to provide an ex vivo characterization of the transport of monocarboxylates in motor neurons and glial cells from the larval ventral nerve cord. We show that lactate/pyruvate transport in glial cells is coupled to protons and is more efficient than in neurons. Glial cells maintain higher levels of intracellular lactate generating a positive gradient toward neurons. Interestingly, during high neuronal activity, raised lactate in motor neurons is dependent on transfer from glial cells mediated in part by the previously described monocarboxylate transporter Chaski, providing support for in vivo glia-to-neuron lactate shuttling during neuronal activity.     

Ammonium accumulation and chemokine decrease in culture media of Gcdh−/− 3D reaggregated brain cell cultures

Glutaric Aciduria type I (GA-I) is caused by mutations in the GCDH gene. Its deficiency results in accumulation of the key metabolites glutaric acid (GA) and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3-OHGA) in body tissues and fluids. Present knowledge on the neuropathogenesis of GA-I suggests that GA and 3-OHGA have toxic properties on the developing brain.We analyzed morphological and biochemical features of 3D brain cell aggregates issued from Gcdh^?/? mice at two different developmental stages, day-in-vitro (DIV) 8 and 14, corresponding to the neonatal period and early childhood. We also induced a metabolic stress by exposing the aggregates to 10 mM l-lysine (Lys).Significant amounts of GA and 3-OHGA were detected in Gcdh^?/? aggregates and their culture media. Ammonium was significantly increased in culture media of Gcdh^?/? aggregates at the early developmental stage. Concentrations of GA, 3-OHGA and ammonium increased significantly after exposure to Lys. Gcdh^?/? aggregates manifested morphological alterations of all brain cell types at DIV 8 while at DIV 14 they were only visible after exposure to Lys. Several chemokine levels were significantly decreased in culture media of Gcdh^?/? aggregates at DIV 14 and after exposure to Lys at DIV 8.This new in vitro model for brain damage in GA-I mimics well in vivo conditions. As seen previously in WT aggregates exposed to 3-OHGA, we confirmed a significant ammonium production by immature Gcdh^?/? brain cells. We described for the first time a decrease of chemokines in Gcdh^?/? culture media which might contribute to brain cell injury in GA-I.     

ADA、ACE、LDH、CEA的联合检测在结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的鉴别诊断价值

目的测定血清和胸水中腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）、血管紧张素转化酶（ACE）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）与癌胚抗原（CEA）的水平,探讨其指标联合检测对结核性和恶性胸水的鉴别诊断意义。方法对临床已确诊的72例胸腔积液患者（结核性40例,恶性32例）的胸水和血清分别采用酶免疫法和化学发光法进行ADA、ACE、LDH和CEA含量测定。结果结核性胸水中ADA的含量为（60.2±20.10）U/L,ACE的含量为（35±9.6）U/L,LDH的含量为（338±41）U/L,CEA的含量为（12.8±5.82）μg/L;在恶性胸水中,ADA为（11.02±5.23）U/L,ACE为（16±11.0）U/L,LDH为（379±69.0）U/L,CEA为（39.9±19.7）μg/L。结核性胸水ADA和ACE含量较恶性胸水组明显增高（P〈0.01）,CEA在恶性胸水中含量较结核性胸水组明显增高（P〈0.01）。胸水中ADA和ACE的检测对结性性胸膜积液诊断的敏感性分别为84.3%、87.5%,特异性分别为87.5%、80.0%;而胸水中LDH和CEA的检测对恶性胸膜积液诊断的敏感分别为84.3%、75.0%,特异性分别为80.0%、93.0%。四项指标联合检测敏感性性为78.1%,特异性为97.5%,较单一指标的特异性高。结论胸水中ADA、ACE、LDH和CEA的联合检测对结核性和恶性胸水的鉴别诊断具有一定价值,有助于临床胸水性质的诊断。     

变异链球菌乳酸脱氢酶与霍乱毒素B亚单位嵌合表达质粒的构建和表达

目的:构建含变异链球菌乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和霍乱毒素B亚单位(CTB)嵌合原核表达质粒,并诱导表达融合蛋白。方法:应用PCR技术扩增LDH编码基因ldh和CT编码基因ctxB,定向克隆至原核表达质粒pET32a(+)上,通过限制性内酶切、PCR和序列测定分析鉴定后转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),并经IPTG诱导表达融合蛋白。结果:PCR扩增得到了ldh和ctxB;构建的质粒pET-LDH/CTB经KpnⅠ、XhoⅠ双酶切和目的基因PCR检测,均得到1.4 kb大小的片段,与预计目的基因片段大小相同;质粒pET-LDH/CTB中插入的ldh序列与GeneBank中ldh比较同源性为98%,ctxB的同源性达99%,插入的相位正确;经IPTG诱导表达了约70×103的蛋白。结论:成功构建了变异链球菌LDH和CTB嵌合表达质粒pET-LDH/CTB,并正确表达融合蛋白。     

The Dose-Response Effects of Consuming High Fructose Corn Syrup-Sweetened Beverages on Hepatic Lipid Content and Insulin Sensitivity in Young Adults

Increased hepatic lipid content and decreased insulin sensitivity have critical roles in the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the dose-response effects of consuming high fructose corn syrup (HFCS)-sweetened beverages for two weeks on hepatic lipid content and insulin sensitivity in young (18–40 years) adults (BMI 18–35 kg/m²). In a parallel, double-blinded study, participants consumed three beverages/day providing 0% (aspartame: n = 23), 10% (n = 18), 17.5% (n = 16), or 25% (n = 28) daily energy requirements from HFCS. Magnetic resonance imaging for hepatic lipid content and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were conducted during 3.5-day inpatient visits at baseline and again at the end of a 15-day intervention. During the 12 intervening outpatient days participants consumed their usual diets with their assigned beverages. Significant linear dose-response effects were observed for increases of hepatic lipid content (p = 0.015) and glucose and insulin AUCs during OGTT (both p = 0.0004), and for decreases in the Matsuda (p = 0.0087) and Predicted M (p = 0.0027) indices of insulin sensitivity. These dose-response effects strengthen the mechanistic evidence implicating consumption of HFCS-sweetened beverages as a contributor to the metabolic dysregulation that increases risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes.     

Mulligan手法治疗腰椎小关节紊乱的临床疗效

目的：观察运用Mulligan手法治疗腰椎小关节紊乱的临床疗效。方法：82例腰椎小关节紊乱患者随机分为观察组(n = 41)和对照组(n = 41),观察组采用Mulligan手法治疗,对照组采用腰部斜扳法治疗。隔天治疗一次,共治疗三次。2组患者分别在治疗前、治疗后进行视觉模拟评分法和JOA腰背痛疗效评价系统评定,并进行肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检验。结果：治疗后,观察组VAS评分较治疗前及对照组治疗后有明显下降(P<0.05);观察组血清CK检验数值较治疗前有明显下降(P<0.05);对照组血清CK检验数值较治疗前,观察组与对照组血清LDH检验数值较治疗前均无统计学差异(P>0.05);观察组显效率(含痊愈)及总有效率较对照组有明显升高(P<0.05)。结论：Mulligan手法对腰椎小关节紊乱的疗效明显,可以有效的减轻疼痛,调整腰椎关节,调节腰部周围肌群平衡,从而恢复腰部运动功能。