大学生心理素质与思想品德发展的关系

研究大学生心理素质与思想品德发展的关系，目的在于分析、发现个体在接受教育过程中的心理运动规律，从而提高思想教育的实效性。本文从马克思主义认识论和实践论的观点出发，依据教育心理学的原理，探讨了心理健康教育与思想品德教育的内在联系和相互作用，提出良好的心理素质是大学生思想品德发展的基础的观点。认为品德的形成与人的心理活动息息相关，个体如果没有良好的品德，将影响其心理素质的完善；同样，没有健全的心理素质，思想品德也不能得到很好的发展。只有思想品德教育与心理健康教育协调发展，共同作用，才能收到良好的教育效果。     

激素间歇冲击及小剂量维持治疗IgA肾病的随机对照研究

目的:探讨激素间歇冲击及小剂量维持与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗中度蛋白尿IgA肾病的疗效及其影响因素。方法:47例IgA肾病患者随机分为实验组和对照组。对照组(21例)给予ACEI药物治疗,实验组(26例)在此基础上口服泼尼松0.5mg/kg,隔日给药,治疗12个月,并在治疗的第1、3、5个月初分别给予甲基泼尼松龙0.5g/d,冲击3d。对肾脏病理改变进行WHO分级并对各种病变进行半定量分析。结果:两组间在性别、年龄、临床及病理资料间无统计学差异。平均随访14个月后,实验组尿蛋白完全缓解8例(30.8%),部分缓解14例(53.8%),无缓解4例(15.4%);而对照组分别为4例(19.1%),3例(23.8%),12例(57.1%),有统计学差异(P<0.01)。治疗前后,实验组血肌酐分别为(89.9±30.3)μmol/L及(88.2±32.8)μmol/L;对照组分别为(89.5±37.9)μmol/L及(104.0±49.7)μmol/L,但两者比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素分析显示疗效与肾小球硬化率及肾小管间质病变呈负相关。结论:激素间歇冲击及小剂量维持治疗能显著减少蛋白尿,维持肾功能稳定。影响疗效的主要因素为肾小球硬化率及肾小管间质病变程度。     

Recovery profile of single motoneurons after electrical stimuli in man

The H-reflex of 120 soleus motoneurons was recorded using fibre EMG. The recovery profile of these motoneurons was studied during monitoring surface H-reflex records in 28 adult subjects. The spectrum of motoneurons tested was homogeneous with two extremes of neurons having different characteristics. A motoneuron population (forming about 69% of our sample) had a high threshold level for electrical stimuli, short recovery time, and short recovery fringe time (called type A). A second population of motoneurons (forming about 20-30% of our sample) had a low threshold level for electrical stimuli, long recovery fringe time (called type B). During an isometric muscle contraction every motoneuron showed an early shift in recovery time (i.e. each had a shorter recovery time) with shortened recovery fringe time. These changes were larger for motoneurons type B than motoneurons type A. With paired identical electrical stimuli of varying interstimulus intervals a motoneuron may fire in response to the conditioning and test stimuli giving an H2, but not in response to both stimuli. This occurred for interstimulus intervals of 4-11 ms. A strong inhibition period was recorded with interstimulus intervals of 12-80 ms in which all motoneurons did not show any recovery. Most motoneurons recovered in orderly fashion between 80 and 300 ms of interstimulus interval, and this recovery coincided with the fast recovery recorded in surface H-reflex. All motoneurons were recovered by 3000 ms of interstimulus intervals. These findings emphasize the importance of eliciting the H-reflex every 3-5 s in H-reflex methodology in order to be assured that all excited motoneurons have been recovered.     

固定剂量复合剂在省结核病防治规划中应用的研究

目的 研究固定剂量复合剂在省结核病防治规划中应用的可行性.方法 将初治涂阳肺结核病人按登记序号单双分入研究组和对照组.用对照研究方法对两组的完成治疗率、治疗效果、治疗依从性和不良反应等情况进行分析.结果 研究组和对照组在性别、年龄、体重、完成治疗率、督导管理方式和治疗依从性等方面差异无显著性（P值均＞0.05）.研究组的2、3个月未痰菌阴转率和治愈率分别为87.0%、93.5%和93.5%,对照组的2、3个月未痰菌阴转率和治愈率分别为89.4%、93.5%和87.0%,两组间的疗效差异无显著性（P值均＞0.05）.除因链霉素引起的耳鸣（精确概率法P=0.024）外,两组其他不良反应症状出现的比例都无显著性差异（P值均＞0.05）.结论 在结核病防治规划中推广应用固定剂量复合剂是可行的.     

西医院校在中医学教学方面亟待解决的几个问题

西医院校的中医学教育，在学时、教材、师资等方面存在着诸多制约因素。要全面提高西医院校的中医学教学质量，必须摆正其教育地位，调整和充实教学内容，加强师资队伍建设，改进教学方式与方法，逐步建立健全全新的中医学教学模式。     

Timing deficits in apraxia of speech

Summary This paper deals with a particular aspect of speech motor control in patients suffering from apraxia of speech. Three experiments are reported concerning the phase relations between individual speech gestures. These include the timing of laryngeal, velar and labial movements relative to lingual gestures.A total of 8 patients and 12 normal controls were examined using speech material which was designed according to appropriate phonetic paradigms. Evaluation was performed on the basis of speech signal parameters referring to the kinematics of inter-articulatory phasing. Deviations of the patient group were found in all three experiments. This suggests that disturbed phase relations of individual speech movements are a general feature of apraxic speech. It is further hypothesized that the described motor symptoms are the origin of a variety of phonemic errors. Support for this view is provided by appropriate examples which refer to the examined paradigms. By this argument, much of the disturbed phonemic structure of apraxic speech may be accounted for by timing deficits.     

现代医院组织形象塑造

未来医院的生存竞争不再是某一方面、某一层次的竞争，而是全方位、整体性的组织形象6寺竞争。如何塑造医院的良好形象已成为重要的课题。塑造医院形象最为重要的是在以下环节：树立“品牌经营”的管理理念；实现优质服务，形成各自的服务特色；利用现代营销手段成功实现医院组织形象的推广。使之得到社会公众的认可和支持。     

Sperm chromatin integrity in young men with no experiences of infertility and men from idiopathic infertility couples

Damage to the genetic component of spermatozoa seems to play the main role in a majority of cases where current approaches fail to reveal the specific cause of male infertility. In this study, we compared semen quality in men assigned to two defined groups: men from couples with unexplained infertility – idiopathic infertility (A) and young men with no experiences of infertility (B). All samples were examined by standard ejaculate analysis and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). Sperm chromatin damage was significantly higher in men from group A than in those from group B. Similar results were obtained by comparison of men from group A (all men were normozoospermic) with normozoospermic men from group B. According to these results, we can suppose that chromatin disorders may be the causal factor of subfertility or infertility in some of these men. No evidence for a strong association between chromatin disorders and standard parameters of ejaculates was found. We failed to confirm a relationship between smoking and sperm quality in men from any of the investigated groups. SCSA is a method that facilitates the identification of infertile men who otherwise show normal semen variables.