5-Fluorouracil catabolism to 5-fluoro-5,6-dihydrouracil is reduced by acute liver impairment in mice

This study investigated the effect of acute liver damage on the inactivation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to its main catabolite 5-fluoro-5,6-dihydrouracil (5-FUH2) in mice. Plasma pharmacokinetics of 5-FU and 5-FUH2 in mice receiving 5-FU (10, 30, and 90 mg/kg) were compared to those in mice pretreated with carbon tetrachloride and receiving the same 5-FU doses. Carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage was histopathologically examined under light microscopy and serum transaminases and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activities were also measured. Liver histopathology and elevated aminotransferase activity levels confirmed the presence of liver damage. 5-FU C(max) and AUC both increased up to 71% in mice with liver damage. This was reflected by decreased 5-FUH2 production, since 5-FUH2 C(max) and AUC levels decreased up to 47% and 61%, respectively. Metabolic ratios between 5-FUH2 and 5-FU AUCs were considerably decreased as well, further suggesting that liver damage caused a reduction in 5-FU catabolism. DPD activity was not altered in damaged livers. The present results indicate that 5-FU disposition in mice could be profoundly altered in the presence of severe liver impairment, potentially leading to enhanced anabolic activation of 5-FU. This effect seems to be ascribed to a reduction of viable hepatocytes, rather than to an inactivation of DPD activity.     

茵栀黄颗粒联合人免疫球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血性黄疸的疗效观察

目的探讨茵栀黄颗粒联合人血丙种球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血性黄疸的临床疗效。方法选取2014年5月—2016年5月月在合肥市滨湖医院接受治疗的ABO溶血性黄疸患儿80例,根据治疗方法的不同分为对照组(40例)和治疗组(40例)。对照组患儿静脉滴注静注人免疫球蛋白(p H 4)治疗,剂量为1 g/(kg·d)。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服茵栀黄颗粒,1 g/次,3次/d。两组患儿均治疗3 d。比较两组患儿治疗前后临床疗效、血清指标变化以及新生儿神经行为(NBNA)和GESELL评分。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为80.00%、97.50%,两组总有效率比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿血清总胆红素(TBIL)水平显著降低,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗后治疗组患儿血清TBIL水平显著优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患儿NBNA评分均显著升高,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后治疗组NBNA和GESELL评分升高幅度显著好于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论茵栀黄颗粒联合人血丙种球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血性黄疸具有很好的临床效果,可有效降低胆红素水平,促进患儿生长发育,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Characterization of the immune response to the major glycoprotein (gp71) of friend leukemia virus III. Influence on endogenous MuLV-mediated pathogenesis

The response of AKR mice to immunization with purified gp71 of Friend murine leukemia virus (FLV)⁹ was characterized. A humoral response was detectable by radioimmune precipitation assay with FLV or radioimmunoassay with FLV gp71. In contrast, no reactivity with either the endogenous AKR virus or AKR gp71 was detectable. The humoral immune response to FLV gp71 was also detectable in complement-dependent cytotoxicity assays and again appeared type-specific for FLV-producing cell lines and could be specifically blocked by absorption with FLV gp71. In contrast, no specific neutralization of FLV was detectable with immune sera. Cell-mediated reactivity was examined by blastogenesis assays with FLV gp71 and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. Although no consistent cell-mediated cytotoxicity was demonstrable in vitro, speen cells from FLV gp71-immunized mice did undergo blastogensis when incubated with purified gp71. The ability of FLV gp71 immunization to protect AKR mice from spontaneous thymomas and irradiated C57B1/6 mice from radiation-induced thymomas was also examined. The results demonstrate that FLV gp71 immunization has no clear influence on induction of radiation thymomas in C57Bl/6 mice. In contrast, FLV gp71 immunization greatly increased the rate of mortality of AKR mice from thymic lymphomas without altering the time of onset of disease-related deaths. The possible mechanisms behind this enhancement of thymomas by FLV gp71 immunization, including the activation of the endogenous AKR virus, are considered.     

The absence of one class of virus-induced protein in arginine-deprived cells infected with pig herpesvirus.

C57BL/6 mice responded to immunization with purified gp71 of Friend murine leukemia virus by mounting both humoral and cell-mediated responses. As measured by a number of tests, the responses were generally stronger than those obtained in BALB/c mice. However, in contrast to the BALB/c mice, immunization of C57BL/6 mice with gp71 did not result in the development of cytotoxic lymphocytes, although spleen lymphocytes were capable of undergoing blastogenesis when incubated with purified gp71. As in the BALB/c mice, the humoral response was type-specific.A unique feature of the response in gp71-immunized C57BL/6 mice was the accelerated activation of the endogenous virus as measured by the development of an immune response to its distinct envelope antigens. This resulted in the production of three distinguishable antibody populations: (1) type-specific antibodies to FLV gp71; (2) type-specific antibodies reacting with AKR gp71 (AKR virus being related to the endogenous virus of C57BL/6 mice); and (3) antibodies directed against p15 (E) which reacted both with AKR and Friend-Moloney-Rauscher viruses and are therefore considered group-specific in the murine system. The possible significance of the activation of the endogenous virus subsequent to gp71 immunization of C57BL/6 mice is discussed.     

Sysmex XT-2000iv型动物血细胞分析仪的性能验证

目的：对Sysmex XT-2000iv型动物血细胞分析仪进行性能验证。方法：对该仪器的准确度、精密度、携带污染率和线性进行验证,并与其他仪器测定结果及人工白细胞分类镜检结果进行比较。结果与结论：该仪器的准确度、精密度、携带污染率和线性均在允许范围内;与JT-IR血细胞计数仪测定结果相关性良好;白细胞分类测定结果与人工显微镜分类比较,中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞相关性较好,单核细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞相关性较差。Sysmex XT-2000iv动物血细胞分析仪各方面性能良好,测定结果准确可靠,可以满足GLP安全性评价课题动物血液样本分析的需要。     

Quantitative evaluation of myocardial perfusion in patients with revascularized myocardial infarction: comparison between intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography and 99mTc-sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography.

AIMS: This two-center study compared quantitative segmental perfusion mapping by intravenous myocardial contrast echocardiography (ivMCE) and scintigraphy (SPECT) in patients in the subacute phase of myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen patients underwent ivMCE using 1:1 intermittent harmonic imaging 24 h after first AMI treated with PTCA and stenting. Apical contrast echocardiograms were obtained after the injections of Sonazoid. Baseline-corrected peak myocardial videointensity (bcPMVI) was determined automatically in 16 segments. Resting 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT was performed within one day after ivMCE. SPECT images were reoriented matching the ivMCE views, and divided into the same segments as in ivMCE, from which mean count rate values were obtained. After exclusion due to artifacts or attenuation, 208/256 (82%) segments remained for analysis. Normalized SPECT count rate and bcPMVI correlated linearly: bcPMVI = 1.237 x SPECT - 35; r = 0.74, p < 0.0001. The relation remained identical in subgroup analysis based on participating center, echocardiographic view, perfusion territory, infarct zone, or function. Using SPECT as reference, mean bcPMVI was 77+/-19% in normal segments, 53+/-29% in mild-moderate defects and 25+/-18% in severe defects (p<0.001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION: The videointensity increase observed in quantitative ivMCE clearly correlated with SPECT tracer uptake. This further substantiates the use of ivMCE as a valid technique for myocardial perfusion imaging.     

胸腺肽在家兔体内的药代动力学

目的研究家兔静注胸腺肽的药代动力学。方法用高效液相色谱法测定家兔血中胸腺肽浓度 ,3P87程序计算参数。结果与结论家兔静注胸腺肽后的药代动力学参数分别为 :Cmax=(30 .0 6± 9.2 7) μg/ml,t1/ 2 ( β) =(2 9.2 4± 2 3.78)min ,Ke =(0 .0 32 3± 0 .0 138)min-1,AUC0→∞ =(2 0 5 .6 3± 46 .48) μg·min/ml。     

商陆提取物抑菌活性评价研究

目的:探讨商陆的有效抑菌活性成分。方法:采用琼脂扩散法测定不同商陆提取物对临床常见的15株病原菌的抑菌圈;采用液体稀释法测定最小抑菌浓度。结果:商陆不同粗提物对病原菌有不同程度的抑制作用,商陆水煎液仅对不动杆菌、白假丝酵母、新生隐球菌有一定抑制作用,最小抑菌浓度分别为500.0,500.0,62.5mg.mL-1,抑菌作用不明显;多糖提取物仅对产气荚膜梭菌、痢疾志贺菌有一定抑制作用,最小抑菌浓度为60.0,7.5mg.mL-1;商陆皂苷30%乙醇提取物抑菌效果较明显、抗菌谱较广,对产气荚膜梭菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、志贺菌、甲型副伤寒菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、普通变形杆菌、白假丝酵母均有抑菌作用,最小抑菌浓度范围为17.6～70.0mg.mL-1;商陆皂苷60%和90%乙醇提取物无抑菌活性。结论:商陆抑菌活性主要有效部位为极性较大的皂苷类提取物。     

中医综合治疗与护理治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床观察56例

目的:观察中医综合治疗与护理治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果。方法:择取2017年12月-2018年12月于日照市中医医院收治的56例慢性盆腔炎患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法,将其划分成对照组与试验组,各28例。对照组进行西药静滴配合常规护理,试验组实施中医综合治疗与护理,在此基础上,比较两组的治疗总有效率与复发率。结果:试验组治疗总有效率96.43%(27/28)明显高于对照组82.14%(23/28),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验组复发率7.14%(2/28)显著低于对照组17.86%(5/28),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中医综合治疗与护理治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床效果显著,复发率较低,患者身心状态优良,因此,此种治疗与护理方法应在临床中被广泛推广,使患者尽快恢复到正常的生活模式中。     

The New Public Health: 2nd edition (2002)

Frank Baum, Professor and Head of Department of Public Health(Flinders University), Director of the South Australian CommunityHealth Research Unit and immediate past president of the PublicHealth Association of Australia. Oxford University Press (OUP) Australia and New Zealand, 624pp., paperback, A$79.95 (£29.50), ISBN 0-19-551552-8 The New Public Health is an important and current book for healthpromotion, drawing upon world events that shape