响应面分析法优化葛根中异黄酮提取工艺

目的:优选葛根中异黄酮的提取工艺.方法:以葛根异黄酮为评价指标,通过响应面分析法优化葛根异黄酮的提取工艺,并对最佳提取工艺进行工艺验证.结果:葛根异黄酮的最佳提取工艺为65％乙醇,超声提取28 min,料液比1∶29,异黄酮的提取率可达4.87％.结论:采用响应面分析法优化对葛根异黄酮提取条件进行优化合理可行.     

水溶性大豆异黄酮对破骨细胞分化和功能的影响

目的:研究水溶性大豆异黄酮(WSSI)对1,25-二羟基维生素D3诱导兔骨髓细胞分化形成破骨细胞样细胞以及兔成熟破骨细胞骨吸收功能的影响。方法:通过TRAP染色对骨髓细胞诱导分化形成的TRAP阳性多核巨细胞计数;用显微摄影结合计算机图像分析测定骨吸收造成的陷窝数目及表面积,以评价破骨细胞活性;用扫描电镜观察骨吸收陷窝的形态。结果:浓度为20.0、4.0、2.0和0.4μg/ml的水溶性大豆异黄酮既能抑制破骨细胞样细胞的形成(P<0.001),还能抑制成熟破骨细胞的骨吸收功能(P<0.001),具体表现在随着浓度的升高骨吸收陷窝数目及表面积减少。结论:WSSI可以明显抑制破骨细胞样细胞的形成和成熟破骨细胞的骨吸收功能。     

依普黄酮固体分散体在大鼠的药物动力学评价(英文)

目的:评价依普黄酮固体分散体在大鼠体内的药物动力学行为。方法:测定它的药物动力学参数和相对生物利用度,采用高压液相色谱法测定大鼠血浆中依普黄酮的浓度。结果:大鼠灌胃依普黄酮固体分散体250mg·kg~(-1),其血药浓度-时间曲线符合一室模型,药物动力学参数为:K_e=0.21h~(-1),T_(1/2K_e)=5.19h,K_a=1.71h~(-1),T_(1/2K_a)=0.41h,T_(max)=0.67h,C_(max)=429μg·L~(-1),AUC=3916μg·h·L~(-1),相对生物利用度是323％。结论:依普黄酮固体分散体与依普黄酮的物理混合物比较,在大鼠体内有更多被吸收。     

Beneficial effect of soy isoflavones and soy isoflavones plus soy protein on serum concentration of C-reactive protein among postmenopausal women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundScientists suggest that soy isoflavones or the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein may have beneficial effects on inflammation. Thus, the present study aims at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which the effect of soy isoflavones and the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein on serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) among postmenopausal women is assessed.Methods and materialsA literature searching was done to identify a breadth of related references in PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov up to December 2020. The mean change from baseline in the CRP concentrations and its standard deviation (SD) for both intervention and comparison groups were used to calculate the effect size. The summary of the overall effects and heterogeneity was estimated by using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42020166053).ResultsThis study considered 23 articles for systematic review and 19 articles for meta-analysis. The overall effect presented a non-significant effect of soy isoflavones on serum CRP concentrations (WMD = 0.08 mg/L, 95 % CI: -0.08, 0.24; p = 0.302) and the overall effect of the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein indicated non-significant effect in serum levels of CRP (WMD= -0.02 mg/L 95 % CI: -0.12, 0.08; p = 0.715).ConclusionPublished RCTs did not provide strong evidence regarding beneficial effect of soy isoflavones or the combination of soy isoflavones and soy protein on serum CRP concentration among postmenopausal women.     

大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和雌激素活性的影响(英文)

目的 :研究大豆异黄酮对去卵巢大鼠骨密度以及雌激素活性的影响。方法 :将 10～ 12月龄的雌性Wistar大鼠随机分为 6组 :假手术组 (SHAM )、切卵巢模型组 (OVX)、尼尔雌醇组 (OVX E)、小剂量异黄酮组 (L ISO)、中剂量异黄酮组 (M ISO)、大剂量异黄酮组 (H ISO) ,每组 8只。后 5组大鼠被切除双侧卵巢 ,SHAM组只被切除卵巢附近脂肪组织。L ISO ,M ISO ,H ISO分别灌胃给予 30 ,6 0 ,12 0mg·kg- 1的大豆异黄酮 ,OVX E组大鼠灌胃给予0 .2mg·kg- 1·wk- 1的尼尔雌醇 ,SHAM与OVX组以等剂量的溶剂灌胃 ,15wk后股动脉放血处死动物 ,收集血液用于血清碱性磷酸酶活性、血清雌二醇水平、血钙、血磷测定 ,分离出右侧股骨、第 2腰椎用于骨密度测量 ,测定双侧子宫重量。结果 :与SHAM组相比 ,OVX组股骨骨密度和椎骨骨密度均可见不同程度降低 (P <0 .0 5和P >0 .0 5 ) ,尼尔雌醇与异黄酮 12 0mg·kg- 1能明显升高去卵巢大鼠的股骨和椎骨骨密度 (P <0 .0 5 )。OVX组的血清碱性磷酸酶水平高于SHAM组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,异黄酮6 0mg·kg- 1可降低去卵巢大鼠的血清碱性磷酸酶水平 (P <0 .0 5 )。OVX组的血清雌二醇水平与子宫系数明显低于SHAM组 (P <0 .0 1) ,异黄酮的不同剂量组与OVX E组的血清雌二醇水平、子宫系数都明显高于OV     

The effect of biochanin A on immune function in rats and tumor cell growth and viability

Animals exposed to a single dose of biochanin A (BA) in vivo (8 mg kg^‐1 by gavage or 4 mg kg^‐1 intraperitoneal) had natural killer cell (NKC) activity similar to the control when observed 20 h after treatment. No effect on NKC response, antibody production or delayed‐type hypersensitivity reactions was seen in rats treated with the same BA doses administered three times a week for 3 weeks. Therefore, in vivo treatment of rats with BA in this study had little or no effect on the immune responses tested. NKC cytotoxicity was significantly enhanced in rat splenocytes exposed in vitro to 1 X 10^‐5‐1 X 10^‐12 M‐BA or genistein (GEN) in 2.5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). However, the NKC response in the 2.5% DMSO vehicle‐treated controls was significantly suppressed. When the DMSO concentration was reduced to 0.5%, no effects were seen in BA, GEN or vehicle cultures. This suggests that BA and GEN treatment protected against suppression of NKC cytotoxicity by DMSO. Biochanin A treatment of tumor cells, YAC‐1 or EL4, in vitro did not affect viability, however, cell growth was significantly inhibited in both cell lines.     

Scientific Evidence Supporting the Beneficial Effects of Isoflavones on Human Health

Isoflavones are phenolic compounds with a chemical structure similar to that of estradiol. They are present in several vegetables, mainly in legumes such as soy, white and red clover, alfalfa and beans. The most significant food source of isoflavones in humans is soy-derived products. Isoflavones could be used as an alternative therapy for pathologies dependent on hormonal disorders such as breast and prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases, as well as to minimize menopausal symptoms. According to the results gathered in the present review, it can be stated that there is scientific evidence showing the beneficial effect of isoflavones on bone health and thus in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis on postmenopausal women, although the results do not seem entirely conclusive as there are discrepancies among the studies, probably related to their experimental designs. For this reason, the results should be interpreted with caution, and more randomized clinical trials are required. By contrast, it seems that soy isoflavones do not lead to a meaningful protective effect on cardiovascular risk. Regarding cancer, scientific evidence suggests that isoflavones could be useful in reducing the risk of suffering some types of cancer, such as breast and endometrial cancer, but further studies are needed to confirm these results. Finally, isoflavones could be useful in reducing hot flushes associated with menopause. However, a limitation in this field is that there is still a great heterogeneity among studies. Lastly, with regard to isoflavone consumption safety, it seems that they are safe and that the most common adverse effect is mild and occurs at the gastrointestinal level.     

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota Structure with Probiotics and Isoflavone Alleviates Metabolic Disorder in Ovariectomized Mice

The decrease in ovarian hormone secretion that occurs during menopause results in an increase in body weight and adipose tissue mass. Probiotics and soy isoflavones (SIFs) could affect the gut microbiota and exert anti-obesity effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of probiotics and a diet containing SIF (SIF diet) on ovariectomized mice with menopausal obesity, including the gut microbiome. The results demonstrate that Bifidobacterium longum 15M1 can reverse menopausal obesity, whilst the combination of Lactobacillus plantarum 30M5 and a SIF diet was more effective in alleviating menopausal lipid metabolism disorder than either components alone. Probiotics and SIFs play different anti-obesity roles in menopausal mice. Furthermore, 30M5 alters the metabolites of the gut microbiota that increase the circulating estrogen level, upregulates the expression of estrogen receptor α in abdominal adipose tissue and improves the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). A SIF diet can significantly alter the structure of the fecal bacterial community and enrich the pathways related to SCFAs production. Moreover, 30M5 and a SIF diet acted synergistically to effectively resolve abnormal serum lipid levels in ovariectomized mice, and these effects appear to be associated with regulation of the diversity and structure of the intestinal microbiota to enhance SCFAs production and promote estrogen circulation.     

Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of alcoholic/hydroalcoholic extract of Trifolium pratense

Objective: Trifolium pratense has many healing properties, including fewer complications of menopause, cancer cell suppression, reducing blood glucose and lipids, as well as cardiovascular beneficial effects. The purpose of this study was to identify the phytochemical and mineral composition of T. pratense. Methods: Plant aerial parts were harvested and dried, and then hydroalcoholic and alcoholic extracts were prepared. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical method was used to identify volatile compounds then liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) was used to identify polyphenols and the mineral elements were identify by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer/ICP-AES and scanning electron microscope-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) methods. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined based on colorimetric method, and total flavonoid content (TFC) was established based on the folin-chiocalteau reagent. Furthermore, two assays (DPPH and FRAP) were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of T. pratense ethanolic extract. Results: A total of 37 polyphenol and 107 peaks were identified by LC-ESI-MS analysis, and the GC/MS method also detected 21 volatile compounds, the most important of which were methylcyclopentane, dimethylpentanal and hexadecanol. A total of 18 mineral elements, including K, Mg, Al, Si, Zn, Ni, Cu, Se, Co, Fe, Mn, and Ca in the plant, were identified ICP-AES and SEM-EDS analysis. Conclusion: T. pratense has many therapeutic compounds such as polyphenol (isoflavone and flavonoids), volatile compounds, and essential mineral elements, which can be formulated purely and used in the pharmaceutical and traditional medicine industries.