长安郭氏“循经取穴”冲击波治疗膝关节骨性关节炎临床研究

目的:探讨长安郭氏“循经取穴”冲击波治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法:选取96例膝关节骨性关节炎患者,依照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组48例。对照组采用塞来昔布治疗,观察组采用循经取穴冲击波联合塞来昔布治疗,两组治疗时间均为3个月。结果:治疗后两组中医症状评分均降低,且观察组低于对照组; 治疗后两组膝关节功能评分均增高,且观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗后观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组关节液白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗期间两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:长安郭氏“循经取穴”冲击波联合塞来昔布治疗膝关节骨性关节炎能够改善患者临床症状及膝关节功能,抑制炎症反应,疗效较好。     

毫米波局部照射的远位效应

目的探讨毫米波局部照射后,除局部效应外。对动物神经系统、内分泌器官、免疫及其他内脏、生殖器官、胚胎发育及子代有无远位效应。方法选用不同频率、不同功率密度的毫米波辐照小鼠、大鼠、豚鼠,并于照后不同时间,应用先进的技术方法,(光镜、电镜、DNA定量分析、组化、免疫组化、细胞培养、高效液相(HPLC)、RIA、RBA、TAS、畸形学分析、精神行为学分析等)从功能、形态、代谢等不同角度对实验动物进行观察分析。结果系列实验研究证明,在毫米波局部照射后确可引起远位组织、器官发生许多变化(骨髓中多核巨细胞核固缩,睾丸精管中出现多核巨细胞,肝细胞中糖原含量有变化,肝中cAMP、cGMP有起伏,G-6-P酶活性有变化,血液细胞成分有变化)。小鼠孕早期(1～2d)局部受照射,可见胚卵细胞表面一些酶活性有改变,导致胚卵着床减少;小鼠孕后期(5～15d)局部皮肤受照射,其胚胎虽未发生畸形,但其生下之后一代,学习记忆能力有所降低。结论毫米波局部照射确有远位效应。本项研究为临床毫米波的应用和防护标准的制定奠定了理论基础。     

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的发生原因及护理

阐述了新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的病因及临床诊断依据 ,重点综述了新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的护理。     

基于量表等级化和主成分分析法探究缺血性中风证候要素与治法间关系

目的 运用数据挖掘技术对缺血性中风治法的分布进行研究,评估其临床疗效价值。方法 检索1978年1月至2018年12月中国期刊全文数据库（China National KnowledgeInfrastructure Database,CNKI）,维普中文科技期刊数据库（China Science and Technology Periodical Database,VIP）,万方数据库（Wanfang Data）,中国生物医学文献数据库（Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Sino Med）。基于上述四大数据库内检索有关中医药、中西医结合治疗缺血性中风临床观察、研究文献。对各个文献证候、治法、方药等信息进行规范化、等级化采集处理后建立缺血性中风证候要素与治法数据库。运用量表评价和等级化赋分方法分析证候要素和治法,通过Kendall''s tau-b相关分析、主成分分析等多种统计方法描述缺血性中风证候要素与治法之间、各证候要素间、各治法间的相关性及其分布。结果 通过异质性分析结果显示纳入文献具有同质性、可进行后续统计量的合并。本研究共纳入450条证候、治法,经统一规范化拆分后得到1 287个单一证候要素,1 562个单一治法。各证候要素与其相对应的治法（除窍闭-开窍）均具有较高的相关性,除了相对应的证候要素与治法外,痰湿-益气（-0.52）,气虚-开窍（-0.56）也具有较高的相关性。课题组以Ⅰ类,Ⅱ类,Ⅲ类由高至低代表证候和治法要素的重要性。气虚、血瘀和火热、痰湿、腑实是缺血性中风Ⅰ类证候要素;阴虚、内风为其Ⅱ类证候要素;阴虚与阳虚为其Ⅲ类证候要素;袪痰湿、清热、通腑和熄风、活血化瘀、益气是缺血性中风Ⅰ类治法,袪痰湿、清热、通腑相伴出现的可能性较大;熄风、活血化瘀、益气相伴出现的可能性较大。滋阴、理气是缺血性中风Ⅱ类治法,其关联性较高,常相伴出现。开窍、补阳、通络分别为缺血性中风Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ类治法。结论 气虚、血瘀、痰湿、火热、腑实是缺血性中风主要证候要素,气虚血瘀、痰热腑实为其主要证候类型;袪痰湿、清热、通腑和活血化瘀、熄风、益气治法在缺血性中风治疗中占据主要地位;临床治疗缺血性中风时,袪痰湿、清热、通腑治法常联合使用,活血化瘀法常与益气熄风法联合使用,以起协同增效之力。     

Platysma skin flap: Laryngeal repair material to produce phonatory flap vibrational wave

The platysma skin flap was used for laryngeal reconstruction after vertical partial laryngectomy to improve the postoperative voice quality of patients with T2 and T3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma. Sixty‐nine patients with unilateral T2 and T3 glottic laryngeal carcinoma were included. Forty‐six patients received vertical partial laryngectomy, and a platysma skin flap was used for laryngeal reconstruction. The other 23 patients underwent transoral laser microsurgery. Subjective and objective examinations were performed to evaluate laryngeal morphology after the surgery. Acceptable voice quality was achieved for 46 patients who underwent vertical partial laryngectomy. Flap vibrational waves occurred in 19 cases (41.3%). The platysma skin flap is an ideal tissue for the reconstruction of articulation structure in open surgery of T2 and T3 unilateral glottic laryngeal carcinoma.     

冲击波联合富血小板血浆治疗跖筋膜炎的临床研究

目的探讨发散式体外冲击波疗法(extracorporeal shock wave therapy,ESWT)与富血小板血浆(platelet rich plasma,PRP)联合治疗慢性跖筋膜炎的临床疗效。方法前瞻性单中心随机对照研究,选取2017年1月至2018年12月因足跟痛于重庆大学附属三峡医院就诊并诊断为慢性跖筋膜炎的患者60例,其中男性19例,女性41例;年龄20~68岁,平均(44.56±10.68)岁。依照随机数字表法分为ESWT治疗组(E组)、PRP治疗组(P组)和ESWT-PRP联合治疗组(联合组),每组20例。比较三组患者治疗前及治疗结束后4、12、24周视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、改良足功能指数(revised footfunction index,FFI-R)。分别于治疗前及治疗结束后24周采用超声测量跖筋膜厚度。结果三组患者一般资料及治疗前VAS评分、FFI-R评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗结束后VAS评分、FFI-R评分均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05)。4周时联合组及E组优于P组(P<0.05),24周时联合组及P组优于E组(P<0.05)。治疗结束24周后三组患者跖筋膜厚度较治疗前均有明显改善(P<0.05),相关性分析发现VAS评分与跖筋膜厚度存在正相关性。所有患者均未出现严重不良反应。结论采用发散式ESWT与PRP联合方案治疗慢性跖筋膜炎安全、有效、起效快、并发症少、治疗效果维持时间长,值得临床研究与推广。     

Carotid endarterectomy after systemic thrombolysis in a stroke population

ObjectiveVascular specialists are increasingly being requested to perform carotid endarterectomy (CEA) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) for stroke patients, raising concerns about hemorrhagic complications. Few case series and registry reports have assessed the question, and even fewer studies have included a control group. The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall outcome of patients undergoing CEA after IVT and to compare them with contemporary patients with CEA after simple stroke (non-IVT group). It also aimed to evaluate the differences in outcomes of stroke patients requiring CEA between nonvascular and vascular centers.MethodsThe data of 169 consecutive patients who have undergone CEA after stroke in a single center was analyzed from January 2011 to December 2016, 27 of them (16%) having undergone previous IVT. A comparative analysis between the non-IVT and the IVT groups was performed. The time between stroke diagnosis and referral to a vascular specialist was also studied.ResultsAge, sex, and cardiovascular comorbidities were similar in both groups. Median time between stroke and CEA was 13 days (Q1-Q3, 8-23 days), with 16 of the 27 patients (59%) in the IVT group undergoing CEA less than 14 days after the initial event. There were three intracranial hemorrhages (2.1%) in the non-IVT group versus one (3.7%) in the IVT group (P = NS). The overall 30-day combined stroke and death rate was 7.1% (6.3% in the non-IVT group vs 11.1% in the IVT group; P = .70). The incidence of postoperative cervical hematoma requiring reoperation was similar in both groups (2.1% vs 3.7%; P = NS). The median time between diagnosis of stroke and referral to a vascular specialist was higher for patients in nonvascular centers compared with vascular centers (3.5 days vs 1.0 day; P < .001), which translated to fewer patients referred from nonvascular centers undergoing surgery in the 14-day window period (38% vs 67%; P < .001).ConclusionsIn this retrospective analysis, CEA after IVT showed similar outcomes when compared with the overall CEA after stroke population. Stroke patients diagnosed in nonvascular centers were referred later than those in vascular centers and, although postoperative outcomes were similar, that was correlated with fewer patients undergoing surgery in a timely fashion.     

The relationship between the severity of erectile dysfunction and aortic stiffness

Aortic stiffness increases in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) but it is not known whether aortic stiffness affects the degree of ED. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether there is any relationship between aortic stiffness and the severity of ED. Patients with ED were divided into 3 groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores. Mild ED was named as group 1, moderate ED as group 2 and severe ED as group 3. The values of fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid values, total testosterone (T. tes), and free testosterone (F tes) were recorded. Aortic stiffness was determined by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIX) measurements. The mean or median values of the laboratory parameters among the groups were similar (p > .05). No statistical difference was found between the groups in terms of AIX value (p = .386). Mean PWV values were calculated as 7.26, 8.30 and 8.78 in group 1, group 2 and group 3 respectively. PWV values were significantly different between groups (p < .0001). PWV values were found to be increased with increasing severity of erectile dysfunction.     

毫米波促进周围神经损伤轴突再生的实验研究

目的探讨毫米波对周围神经损伤后轴突再生的影响。方法将48只SD雄性大白鼠制作成左侧坐骨神经部分损伤模型，随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组在神经损伤24h后，用毫米波辐射损伤部位，每周5次，每次30min，直至取材的前一天。组织学观察毫米波对大鼠坐骨神经部分损伤后轴突再生的影响。结果治疗组在术后2，4，6周有髓纤维横截面积均显著大于对照组。电镜观察，治疗组在术后4周和6周的神经再生数目和成熟度均优于对照组。结论毫米波能够促进周围神经损伤后轴突的再生。