碘对人胎大脑神经原特异性烯醇化酶表达的影响

利用生理剂量碘作用于早期人胎大脑神经细胞无血清培养物,经离子交换法分离出神经细胞的神经原特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和非神经原特异性烯醇化酶(NNE)。两酶的转换方式与体内相似,碘促进神经细胞 NNE(αα,αγ亚基)向 NSE(γγ亚基)转换。培养25天 KI(?)组NSE 含量比培养30天对照组含量高,培养30天 KI_2组 NSE 含量是对照组的3倍,且 NSE 出现提前,活性增高。培养15天时加碘的作用比开始培养时加碘的作用更加明显。     

Povidone iodine in the treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis in infants

Context: Adenoviral conjunctivitis.

Objective: To examine the effects of conjunctival irrigation with povidone iodine in infants with adenoviral conjunctivitis.

Material and methods: An outbreak of adenovirus conjunctivitis occurred between September and December 2012 at the neonatal intensive care unit of our hospital. Forty-three infants with adenoviral conjunctivitis were examined in this study. Thirty-five eyes of 35 infants who had detailed ophthalmological examination and clinical scoring were included. The conjunctiva of 15 infants (Group 1) were irrigated with povidone iodine 2.5% solution and then treated with preservative-free artificial tears and preservative-free antibiotic drops. Twenty infants (Group 2) were treated only with the same drops with the same posology, without conjunctival irrigation with povidone iodine. Patients were examined two times a week until the complete recovery. Lid edema, conjunctival chemosis, fragility of conjunctival vasculature, pseudomembrane formation, and corneal involvement were scored clinically.

Results: Twenty patients (57%) were female and 15 patients (43%) were male and mean age was 3.1 months (ranged from 1 to 4 months). No relation was found between gender and clinical scores. Statistically significant lower clinical scores were obtained from Group 1. The median recovery time was earlier in Group 1 (7?d) than Group 2 (12?d) (p?=?0.001).

Conclusion: Conjunctival irrigation with 2.5% povidone iodine is effective in the treatment of adenoviral conjunctivitis in infants.     

中西医结合治疗烧烫伤临床研究

目的：探讨中西医结合法治疗烧烫伤的临床疗效。方法：选取100例Ⅱ度和Ⅲ度烧烫伤患者,随机分为对照组50例、治疗组50例,对照组运用常规法处理,治疗组在对照组基础上予以中药烧伤2号酊做内敷料,外用棉垫包扎。观察两组患者临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果：治疗组有效率为96％,平均显效病程为4．1 d;对照组有效率为60％,平均显效病程为7．8 d,两组有效率及平均显效病程比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论：中西医结合法治疗烧烫伤具有良好的临床效果。文献引用：唐政．中西医结合治疗烧烫伤临床研究[J]．中医学报,2015,30（5）：668－669．     

Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Thyroid Cancer

Background

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, representing 3.8% of all new cancer cases in the United States and is the ninth most common cancer overall. The American Cancer Society estimates that 62,450 people in the United States will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer in 2015, and 1950 deaths will result from the disease.

Objective

To review the current approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with thyroid cancer.

Discussion

Over the past 3 decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people diagnosed with thyroid cancer, which may be attributable to the wide use of imaging studies, including ultrasounds, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography scans that incidentally detect thyroid nodules. Thyroid cancer is divided into several main types, with papillary thyroid cancer being the most common. The treatment options for patients with thyroid cancer include the surgical removal of the entire thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy), radioactive iodine therapy, and molecular-targeted therapies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This article summarizes the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer, with recommendations from the American Thyroid Association regarding thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Recently approved drugs and treatment trends are also explored.

Conclusion

The prognosis and treatment of thyroid cancer depend on the tumor type and its stage at the time of diagnosis. Many thyroid cancers remain stable, microscopic, and indolent. The increasing treatment options for patients with thyroid cancer, including therapies that were recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, have kept the mortality rate from this malignancy low, despite the increase in its incidence. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve prognosis and reduce mortality.     

The Effects of Oxygen Functional Groups on Graphene Oxide on the Efficient Adsorption of Radioactive Iodine

Oxygen-containing functional groups tend to induce a strong interaction between solid adsorbents and iodine molecules, yet have not been systematically investigated. Herein, on the basis of a series of nitric acid-treated graphene oxide (GO) with different contents of oxygen functional groups for iodine adsorption, it was found that the iodine uptake capacity is proportionate to the oxygen content and the diversities of oxygen-containing groups. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation results also suggest that oxygen-containing groups result in strong interactions between iodine molecules and the adsorbents through a covalent bond-forming process, among which -OH groups possess a higher adsorption energy averagely. Such theoretical and experimental work deepens our understanding of the effects of oxygen functional groups on iodine adsorption and provides novel ideas for future design and synthesis of high-performance solid adsorbents for radioactive iodine.     

浓台氏液对口腔铸造用银铟合金的腐蚀性的初步研究

目的:通过体外浸泡实验观察口腔铸造用银铟合金与浓台氏液发生腐蚀反应后表面形貌及粗糙度的变化,考察不同腐蚀反应时间浓台氏液对银铟合金的腐蚀情况。方法:制作口腔修复铸造用银铟合金测试件,对照组不与浓台氏液接触,实验组浸入浓台氏液发生腐蚀反应,反应时间分别为5sec、10sec、15sec、30sec、1min、5min、10min、30min,以扫描电子显微镜观察试件表面形貌,再以粗糙度仪检测试件表面粗糙度,应用SPSS16.0统计软件对各组合金样本粗糙度值做统计学检验。结果:扫描电子显微镜结果显示:浓台氏液对银铟合金的腐蚀是在整个金属表面上均匀进行的,且腐蚀产物有随腐蚀时间的增加而增加的趋势。试件表面粗糙度检测结果显示:各试验组表面粗糙度值与电镜观察到的材料表面腐蚀程度一致,随腐蚀时间的增加而有增加的趋势。统计结果显示:5sec、10sec组与对照组两两相比粗糙度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而10min组、15sec、30sec、1min组、5min、10min组、30min组两两相比粗糙度均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:浓台氏液与银铟合金的腐蚀反应特征为均匀腐蚀。腐蚀产物和表面粗糙度有随腐蚀时间的增加而增加的趋势。表面粗糙度与腐蚀时间不呈线性增长关系,具体表现为表面粗糙度10min到达较高水平,后在30min内随时间的增加,浓台氏液对银铟合金表面的腐蚀基本稳定。     

Iodinated curcumin bearing dermal cream augmented drug delivery,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities

Objectives: Curcumin (Cur) exhibits weak microbicidal activity owing to high lipophilicity and low cell permeability. Therefore, in the present investigation, Cur was iodinated using elemental iodine (I₂) to synthesise Cur–I₂ powder that was later formulated as Cur–I₂ dermal cream and characterised in vitro for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

Methods and results: Electrophilic addition of I₂ saturated the olefinic bonds of Cur, as confirmed by UV/visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, ¹H NMR and DSC techniques. In addition, in vitro skin permeation and retention analysis indicated that Cur–I₂ cream followed the first order and Higuchi model for drug release through the rat skin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cur–I₂ powder was measured to be 60 and 90?µg/ml significantly (p?Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Moreover, Cur–I₂ also exhibited strong antioxidant potential.

Conclusions: Cur–I₂ cream warrants further in vivo study to scale up the technology for clinical translation.