军校大学生成就动机与学业成绩关系的调查与分析

目的分析军校大学生成就动机的特点及与其学业成绩的关系。方法采用成就动机测量表（AMS）对265名军校大学生进行调查。结果①军校大学生的成就动机比较积极,追求成功的倾向较高;②追求成功的动机与学业成绩呈显著正相关,而避免失败的动机与学业成绩呈显著负相关;③在追求成功的动机上,学业优良的学员明显高于学业一般和较差的学员;在避免失败的动机上,学业优良的学员明显低于学业较差的学员。结论军校大学生的成就动机与其学业成绩存在显著相关关系。     

Scholastic achievement among children enrolled in the Seychelles Child Development Study

The Seychelles Child Development Study is a longitudinal cohort study following a group of 779 children exposed prenatally to methyl mercury (MeHg) through a maternal diet high in fish. The cohort has been examined six times beginning in infancy with no consistent evidence of adverse effects. In fact, their performance resembles what would be expected from normal children of comparable ages growing up in western cultures. During a neurodevelopment assessment at 66 months, the children were tested for scholastic achievement using the Woodcock Johnson Tests of Achievement. Their reading scores were depressed relative to US norms while arithmetic scores were within normal limits. This disparity was not evident at 107 months; in fact, reading achievement scores far exceeded expected performance relative to US norms, with over 75% of the cohort obtaining scores at or above the 90th percentile. This study reports a secondary analysis of the scholastic achievement data to test the hypothesis that the results obtained in the primary analysis were probably due to the onset of the primary school curriculum between the first and second testing, and not to inherent cognitive deficits among the children at 66 months. The results suggest that a combination of reading instruction and characteristically consistent letter-sound relationships in Creole, the language spoken at home by the majority of Seychellois families, probably accounted for the high achievement scores at 107 months.     

7-9年级语文、数学单科标准化成就测验的编制

目的:编制7～9年级语文、数学单科标准化成就测验。方法:在多次试测基础上形成正式测本,采用分层和整群抽样方法,抽取语文样本1008人和数学样本1018人作项目分析,另有一定数量的被试用作信、效度估计及学科专家作内容效度评定。结果:语、数75%的项目难度为0.20～0.80,88%以上的项目鉴别力达到可接受水平,各分测验在各年级和总测验的D值均在0.50以上。语文测验总分的复本信度、分半信度在0.74～0.87之间,数学测验总分的各信度值在0.73～0.88之间。语数A、B题本总分与学科成绩相关为0.47～0.69,探索性因素分析语数各抽取2因素模型为佳,验证性因素分析结果表明两因素模型拟合较佳。结论:7-9年级语、数单科成就测验符合测量学的要求。     

正畸热压膜材料力学性能及矫治力测量的研究进展

随着隐形矫治技术的产生和发展,热压膜材料逐渐成为正畸研究领域关注的热点.本文回顾了国内外对于正畸热压膜材料力学性能的研究,表明材料的力学性能直接影响其正畸矫治力.矫治力测量包括理论力学分析和实验力学分析.实验力学分析中应变电测法最常用,可以用于研究隐形矫治力学机制,未来的研究将更多集中在口内测量矫治力.矫治器材料特性、厚度、移位量、环境条件等均可影响隐形矫治力大小.     

大专护生逆境商与未来时间洞察力及成就动机的关系研究

目的了解在校大专护生逆境商、未来时间洞察力与成就动机现状,并探讨其相互关系。方法采用逆境商量表、大学生未来时间洞察力问卷及成就动机量表对285名在校大专护生进行调查。结果大专护生追求成功的动机(40.08±7.18)略高于避免失败的动机(38.69±8.00),成就动机总分为(1.39±13.19)分;逆境商总分及其4个因子(控制、归因、延伸、忍耐),未来时间洞察力总分及其4个因子与成就动机总分呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05);控制、忍耐、行为承诺、远目标定向及目的意识5个因子是成就动机的重要预测变量,能够联合解释56.4%的成就动机变异量。结论大专护生逆境商及未来时间洞察力可影响其成就动机,故应加强大专护生逆境商及未来时间洞察力的培养,以提高其成就动机。     

New parameter of flexion after posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty: posterior condylar offset ratio on X-ray photographs

In cruciate-retaining (CR) type TKA, the increase in posterior condylar offset (PCO) is considered to be correlated to flexion angle acquired postoperatively according to the article reported by Bellemans (J Bone Joint Surg Br 84:50–53, 2002). However, the significance of PCO seems to differ according to the size of joints. We therefore have defined a new parameter of posterior condylar offset ratio (PCOR) on the lateral view of plain X-ray photographs and studied the relationship between PCOR and postoperative flexion status in posterior-stabilized (PS) type TKA. Flexion status includes two parameters, such as postoperative flexion angle (FA) and flexion achievement rate (AR). The subjects of this study were 160 knees (16 males and 144 females, average 75 years.) with PS type TKA for osteoarthritic knees between 1999 and 2003 at our institution, more than at least 1 year postoperative follow-up. In the study of FA, patients with FA of less than 100° were divided into Group L (n = 28), patients with FA of 130° and greater were divided into Group H (n = 58). In the study of AR, patients with AR of less than 100% were divided into Group P (n = 46), patients with AR of 120% and greater were divided into Group G (n = 22). PCOR was statistically compared in each group, respectively. In FA, PCOR in Group L (0.385) was significantly lower (P = 0.027) than that in Group H (0.428). In AR, PCOR in Group P (0.376) was significantly lower (P = 0.0018) than that in Group G (0.456). We have concluded, though there are many factors influencing the range of movement after TKA, our newly defined PCOR could possibly serve as a parameter of postoperative flexion status of PS type TKA on plain X-ray photographs. No benefits or funds were received in support of the study.     

肿瘤科护士应对死亡工作自我能力现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解肿瘤科护士应对死亡工作自我能力现状并分析其影响因素。方法 选取356名肿瘤科护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、死亡工作自我能力量表、生命意义感量表、职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查。结果 肿瘤科护士应对死亡工作自我能力得分为(57.83±8.75)分,情绪应对自我能力得分率最低。多元逐步回归分析显示,生命意义感、个人成就、葬礼经历、参与死亡/濒死患者照顾是否造成影响、死亡相关课程培训是其主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 肿瘤科护士应对死亡工作自我能力处于中等水平,影响因素较多,护理管理者需明确护士应对死亡工作中的需求,积极开展应对患者死亡工作相关培训。