综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症75例

[目的]观察综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。[方法]75例患者采用卧床休息、牵引、理疗、中药熏蒸、静脉用药等方法进行综合疗法治疗。经过1疗程(15d)治疗后进行疗效判定。[结果]治愈53例,有效15例,无效7例,总有效率90.70%。[结论]综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效显著。     

静脉注射用载药脂肪乳的研究近况

静脉注射乳剂作为一种新型药物载体,相对于传统剂型,对药物具有增溶、保护而免于水解的作用,其应用日趋广泛。综述静脉注射用载药脂肪乳制备工艺的创新与发展、制备材料的研究与应用以及其制剂产品的研发。     

静脉输注地尔硫治疗冠状动脉搭桥术前不稳定性心绞痛

目的 :评价静脉输注地尔硫治疗冠状动脉搭桥 (CABG)术前不稳定性心绞痛的疗效和安全性。方法 :68例CABG术前不稳定性心绞痛病人停服肾上腺素 β受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂及抗血小板药物 ,静脉给予地尔硫 ,以 33～ 167μg·min- 1,持续微泵注入 72h以上。观察心绞痛症状、心电图、血压、心率及不良反应。结果 :65例 (96% )病人有效。与用药前相比 ,心绞痛发作平均次数减少 (5 .4±s 1.8)次·d- 1(P <0 .0 1) ,发作持续时间缩短 (7.6± 2 .5 )min(P <0 .0 1)。心肌耗氧指数降低。心电图异常者ST T明显改善 ,4 9例病人在病情稳定后 1wk内接受CABG。无严重不良反应。结论 :静脉输注地尔硫为CABG术前不稳定性心绞痛提供了一种较为安全有效的药物治疗手段     

Retinoblastoma: Achieving new standards with methods of chemotherapy

The management of retinoblastoma (RB) has dramatically changed over the past two decades from previous radiotherapy methods to current chemotherapy strategies. RB is a remarkably chemotherapy-sensitive tumor. Chemotherapy is currently used as a first-line approach for children with this malignancy and can be delivered by intravenous, intra-arterial, periocular, and intravitreal routes. The choice of route for chemotherapy administration depends upon the tumor laterality and tumor staging. Intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) is used most often in bilateral cases, orbital RB, and as an adjuvant treatment in high-risk RB. Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) is used in cases with group C or D RB and selected cases of group E tumor. Periocular chemotherapy is used as an adjunct treatment in eyes with group D and E RB and those with persistent/recurrent vitreous seeds. Intravitreal chemotherapy is reserved for eyes with persistent/recurrent vitreous seeds. In this review, we describe the various forms of chemotherapy used in the management of RB. A database search was performed on PubMed, using the terms “RB,” and “treatment,” “chemotherapy,” “systemic chemotherapy,” “IVC,” “IAC,” “periocular chemotherapy,” or “intravitreal chemotherapy.” Relevant English language articles were extracted, reviewed, and referenced appropriately.     

沟通技巧在小儿静脉输液中的应用

目的研究探讨沟通技巧在小儿静脉输液中的应用效果,对其进行分析。方法回顾分析在2011年4月至2012年4月在我院为小儿进行输液的案例,从中抽取80例对其分析,将其平均分为两组实验组与对照组,对照组的小儿在输液过程中为其进行常规护理而实验组在为小儿输液时在常规护理的基础上加强与其沟通的技巧,两组资料无显著差异,具有可分析性。结果实验组患者的静脉输液时一次性穿刺成功率明显高于对照组患者的一次性穿刺成功率,实验组患者的依从性高于对照组患者的依从性,实验组患者治疗比对照组更顺利。结论在为小儿进行静脉输液时,在常规护理的基础上加强对患者的沟通技巧可以促进小儿在输液的时候,护理人员有效的进行穿刺,提高护理人员的一次性穿刺成功率和患者的依从性。     

中心静脉导管胸腔闭式引流术与传统胸腔闭式引流术疗效观察

目的观察使用中心静脉导管作胸腔闭式引流术治疗自发性气胸的临床疗效及其并发症。方法83例自发性气胸患者随机分为两组,治疗42例,使用双腔中心静脉导管作胸腔闭式引流术;对照组41例,使用常规大导管作胸腔闭式引流术。比较两组的疗效及并发症等。结果两组在肺复张时间、治愈率两方面比较无明显统计学差异（P〉0．05）。但在某些并发症上,治疗组较对照组明显减少,统计学上具有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论使用中心静脉导管作闭式引流术治疗气胸疗效等同于常规胸腔闭式引流术,并且具有操作方法简便、文用、并发症少等优点。     

Animal models to test drugs with potential antidiabetic activity

Although medicinal plants have been historically used for diabetes treatment throughout the world, few of them have been validated by scientific criteria. Recently, a large diversity of animal models has been developed to better understand the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and new drugs have been introduced in the market to treat this disease. The aim of this work was to review the available animal models of diabetes and some in vitro models which have been used as tools to investigate the mechanism of action of drugs with potential antidiabetic properties. In addition, a MEDLINE/PUBMED search for articles on natural products, pancreatectomy and diabetes mellitus treatment published between 1996 and 2006 was done. In the majority of the studies, natural products mainly derived from plants have been tested in diabetes models induced by chemical agents. This review contributes to the researcher in the ethnopharmacology field to designs new strategies for the development of novel drugs to treat this serious condition that constitutes a global public health.     

催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁的研究

研究了在硫酸介质中 ,铁催化过氧化氢氧化罗丹明B的褪色反应及动力学条件 ,建立了高灵敏测定痕量铁的新方法。线性范围 :0 0 0～ 0 80 μg/ 2 5ml;检出限 :0 2× 10 -9;RSD =2 1%。应用于人发、粮食、分析纯盐酸中痕量铁的测定 ,结果令人满意     

重组人乳铁蛋白对缺铁性贫血大鼠铁营养状况的改善作用

目的研究从转基因牛乳中分离纯化的重组人乳铁蛋白(rhLf)对缺铁性贫血(IDA)大鼠铁营养状况是否具有改善作用。方法雌性断乳Wistar大鼠喂饲低铁饲料建立IDA模型,按造模结束时Hb和体重随机分为6组,即模型对照组(A组),0.375、0.75和2.25g/kg BW rhLf组(B、C、D组),0.011g/kg BW乳酸亚铁组(E组),0.375g/kg BW rhLf与0.011g/kg BW乳酸亚铁联合补充组(F组),每组12只,每天一次性灌胃给予受试物,连续8周。检测指标包括动物一般情况、体重变化、Hb和RBC、游离原卟啉(FEP)、血清铁(SI)、总铁结合力(TIBC)、运铁蛋白饱和度(TS)、血清铁蛋白(SF)、血清Cu和血清Zn。结果与A组相比,E、F组大鼠一般情况明显改善,体重、RBC、Hb、SI、TS和SF显著增加,FEP、TIBC和血清Zn降低,机体铁营养状态基本恢复正常;D组上述指标较A组同样有显著性差异,但改善程度低于E、F组,动物仍处于缺铁状态;C组RBC较A组显著增加,FEP和血清Zn显著降低,其他指标无差异;B组仅血清Zn显著低于A组,其他指标无差异。E、F两组比较时,F组SI、TS和SF均显著高于E组,TIBC低于E组。结论单纯补充rhLf对IDA大鼠铁营养状况具有一定程度的改善作用,但较乳酸亚铁弱;乳酸亚铁与rhLf联合应用时改善机体铁营养状况的作用强于单纯补充乳酸亚铁或rhLf,同时可减轻亚铁离子导致的不良反应。     

改良静脉输注法的临床运用研究

目的：评价改良静脉输注法的临床效果。方法：随机抽取需静脉输注加替沙星液6天以上的病人40例,分为A、B两组。采用两种方法交替进行静脉输注直到治疗结束,A组第1天采用传统方法,B组第1天采用针头斜面朝下方法。结果 改良静脉输注方法优于传统方法静脉输液。结论：针头斜面朝下静脉输注方法能明显减轻药物对穿刺部位的疼痛刺激程度,提高病人的舒适性。