大咯血患者外周血管介入治疗的临床效果分析

目的 探讨大咯血患者外周血管介入治疗的临床效果.方法 参照随机数字表法将本院2018年1月-2019年1月大咯血患者100例分为2组,每组50例.对照组采用常规治疗,观察组采用外周血管介入治疗,比较2组血气指标及并发症发生率.结果 治疗后,观察组剩余碱(1.63±0.04)mmol/L、动脉血氧分压(11.69±0.9...     

斜视手术2100例回顾分析

目的:探讨斜视的诊断和手术治疗技巧。方法:回顾分析2100例斜视的临床特点及手术治疗,包括性别、年龄、临床特征、就诊季节、弱视治疗、手术时机、手术方式的选择和手术并发症等。结果:2100例斜视纳入研究(其中男1105例,女995例);各年龄段分别为:<10岁,684例(32.57%);11～20岁,895例(42.62%);21～40岁,432例(20.57%);>40岁,89例(4.24%);其中共同性内斜视882例(42.00%)、共同性外斜视845例(40.23%),非共同性内斜视172例(8.19%),非共同性外斜视130例(6.19%),先天性眼球震颤45例(2.14%),A-V征26例(1.24%)。共同性斜视早期采取水平直肌加强和减弱术,使患者建立同时视觉和治疗弱视;眼球震颤患者头位<30°的采用Parks法矫正,头位>30°者手术量增加40%～60%;A-V征斜视应针对病因,合理正确选择斜肌或直肌肌腱移位术式;急性眼外肌麻痹的病因诊断非常重要,Jensen联结术是有效的手术方式。结论:斜视和弱视并存的手术时机非常重要。复杂性斜视手术的成功率取决于术前的正确诊断、手术方案的制定、手术量的设计和术中的经验判断。     

两种血管闭合器与人工压迫法在冠状动脉介入治疗中的应用比较

目的 评价Angio-Seal、StarClose血管闭合器与人工压迫止血在冠脉介入治疗中安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析了2008年1月-2012年12月在本院接受冠状动脉介入治疗的945例患者,按不同止血方法随机分为人工压迫组（205例）、Angio-Seal组（324例）和StarClose组（416例）,观察各组制动时间、止血成功率及血管并发症的发生情况.结果 与人工压迫组相比,Angio-Seal组和StarClose组制动时间明显缩短（P＜0.01）,血管并发症的发生率降低（P＜0.01）;三组的止血成功率比较差异无显著性意义（P＞0.05）.结论 在冠脉介入治疗中应用Angio-Seal和StarClose血管闭合器是安全、可靠的.     

宫腔镜下子宫黏膜下肌瘤切除不同治疗模式的对比研究

目的探讨宫腔镜下子宫黏膜下肌瘤切除不同治疗模式的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2014年3月至2015年12月因子宫黏膜下肌瘤在海南省农垦三亚医院就诊的患者160例,其中日间手术组80例,住院手术组80例。对患者手术时间、术后不良反应、住院时间、医疗花费、患者满意度及术后1年复发情况进行对比分析。结果两组治疗方式均能使患者月经紊乱情况得以改善,日间手术组比住院手术组住院时间短、医疗花费少、患者满意度高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组手术时间、术后不良反应、术后1年复发率及术后恢复率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论日间手术在医疗花费与住院时间上优于住院手术,在临床上可优先考虑。     

围胰腺区域性微创治疗大鼠重症急性胰腺炎的实验研究

目的 观察围胰腺区域性微创治疗方案对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）大鼠的影响.方法 72只SD大鼠随机分为自然病程组（SAP组）、常规治疗组（R组）、DDFA治疗组（DDFA组）、微创治疗组（W组）,各组分配18只.每组分6、12、24 h三个时间点,每时间点分配6只.采用5%牛黄胆酸钠逆行胰管注射法建立大鼠SAP模型.建模后按时间点分批采血并测血白细胞、血淀粉酶,提取血清测IL-6、TNF-α、PL-A2,吸取腹腔液测淀粉酶,取胰腺组织制作病理切片.结果 各组各时间点间腹腔液淀粉酶含量及血淀粉酶含量、白细胞计数、血清IL-6、TNF-α、PL-A2含量、病理评分比较均有显著性差异.结论 围胰腺区域性微创治疗方案能显著降低大鼠血白细胞、淀粉酶、IL-6、TNF-α、PL-A2、腹水淀粉酶、胰腺组织病理评分,是阻止SAP进展的有效方法.     

聚丙烯网片在女性盆底重建手术中的应用

目的:初步探讨聚丙烯网片在女性盆底重建手术中的近期疗效和安全性。方法:从2008年8月～2010年7月上海市长宁区妇幼保健院采用聚丙烯网片完成盆底重建手术共119例。术前按盆腔器官脱垂定量(POP-Q)分期,其中Ⅲ度以上膀胱膨出、子宫脱垂及直肠膨出分别为84例(70.6%)、64例(53.8%)、19例(16.0%),阴道穹窿膨出4例(3.4%),同时存在2个以上部位缺陷91例(76.5%)。结果:前、后盆底重建及全盆底重建术各54例、13例及52例,其中保留子宫55例(46.2%),同时行经闭孔尿道中段悬吊术65例(54.6%)。术后平均随访时间17.8个月,网片外露6例(5.0%),新发膀胱过度活动症6例(5.0%),压力性尿失禁4例(3.4%),无症状膀胱Ⅱ度膨出3例(2.5%)。术后6月前盆底重建组Aa及C点值,后盆底重建组Ap及C点值,全盆底重建组Aa、Ap及C点值与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:应用聚丙烯网片的盆底重建手术是一种安全又经济的术式,可以同时治疗压力性尿失禁和保留脱垂的子宫,手术近期疗效满意,远期效果有待进一步随访观察。     

哺乳期急性乳腺炎四级预防方案的可行性

目的:探讨哺乳期急性乳腺炎不同阶段的最佳治疗方法及四级预防方案的可行性。方法:0级预防是通过指导围产期母乳喂养,防止发生乳头皲裂和乳汁淤积;1级预防是在乳汁淤积期,采用"理疗+乳腺按摩+电动奶泵吸奶"三联治疗,防止进展为哺乳期急性乳腺炎的急性炎症期;2级预防是在哺乳期急性乳腺炎的急性炎症期采用"理疗+乳腺按摩+电动奶泵吸奶+敏感抗生素治疗"四联疗法,防止形成乳腺脓肿;3级预防是指在乳腺脓肿期,采用微创治疗方法,最大限度保留母乳喂养功能。结果:0级预防:研究组病变发生率为16%,对照组32%(P0.05);1级预防:研究组治疗总有效率91.8%;对照组总有效率65.1%(P0.01)。2级预防:"理疗+乳腺按摩+电动奶泵吸奶+敏感抗生素治疗"的四联疗法效果最好;3级预防:穿刺抽脓和置管冲洗引流是乳腺脓肿有效的微创治疗方法。结论:哺乳期急性乳腺炎四级预防方案可以指导临床在哺乳期急性乳腺炎的不同阶段采用有针对性的预防和治疗措施,防止病情向下一阶段发展,最大限度减轻病人的痛苦和保留母乳喂养功能。     

How to become Pediatric Orthopedic surgeon inEurope:a long journey offering a unique career,full of satisfactions

In most European countries,Pediatric Orthopedic (PO) surgeons graduated from an approved Orthopedic and Trauma surgery training program which lasts 5 or 6 years,depending on the country.Upon completion of the Orthopedic and Trauma surgery program,the future PO surgeon must complete an additional subspecialty training (one to two years,depending on the country) in PO surgery.The possibility to become a certified PO surgeon through the specialization in Pediatric Surgery (option Orthopedics) or through a dedicated PO surgery training program only exists in France and in Romania,respectively.Credit as active and fully responsible PO surgeon can only be claimed when the trainee has actively participated in all phases of treatment,from diagnosis to treatment,without forgetting the management of complications and the setting up of an adequate follow-up of children and adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders.     

Treatment of secondary pneumothorax with interstitial lung disease: the surgical indications at the start of treatment is important

BackgroundSecondary pneumothorax with interstitial lung disease (ILD) is often difficult to treat in comparison to primary pneumothorax. The purpose of this study was to analyze the actual management and outcome, and to find the most effective treatment.MethodsAmong 180 patients with pneumothorax caused by ILD, who were managed between January 2000 and April 2021, 129 patients were included. Fifty-one patients with observation only were excluded. In the present study, a patient was considered to be cured if their chest tube could be removed.ResultsThe managements included chest tube drainage alone (n=41), pleurodesis (n=67), bronchoscopic treatment (n=14), and surgery (include overlapping cases) (n=25). The mean number of pleurodesis treatments was 2.4 (range, 1–9), and the most frequently used agent was blood-patch. All patients who received bronchoscopic treatment underwent bronchial occlusion with silicon spigots. The surgical procedures included bullectomy (n=20), lung cyst ligation (n=3), pleural covering with oxidized cellulose sheet (n=1), and spraying of fibrin glue alone (n=1). One hundred patients (77.5%) were curatively treated, 27 patients (20.9%) died, and 2 patients were transferred without chest tube removal. Among 25 patients who received surgery [including 6 patients with performance status (PS) ≥2], 24 patients (96.0%) were cured, and 1 patient died due to an acute exacerbation of ILD after surgery. The univariate analysis revealed that PS ≥2 and >3 pleurodesis treatments were significant non-curative factors, while steroid treatment before the development of pneumothorax was not.ConclusionsThe outcomes of surgery for pneumothorax in patients with ILD were good, and it is desirable to consider the surgical indications.     

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in carinal resection for recurrent chondrosarcoma after previous distal tracheal resection

Carinal re-resection for tumour recurrence is rarely performed due to increased difficulty in airway reconstruction. We reported a successful case of carinal resection and reconstruction for recurrent chondrosarcoma after previous distal tracheal resection. Due to the technical complexity of the reconstruction and the poor respiratory reserve of the patient, the veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support was used.