情景模拟联合口诀法对ICU实习护生心肺复苏培训的效果

目的 探讨情景模拟联合实训口诀法在ICU护生心肺复苏培训的效果.方法 将80名护生随机分为对照组与观察组各40名.对照组采用常规教学方法;观察组采用情景模拟联合实训口诀法进行心肺复苏培训.比较两组培训前后的理论、操作成绩,操作失误率,抢救时各项操作落实时间及观察组对教学方法的评价.结果 培训后观察组心肺复苏理论及操作考...     

Help-seeking for mental health problems among young physicians: is it the most ill that seeks help?

Abstract Objectives The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported mental health problems and help-seeking among young physicians, and identify predictors of seeking help. Methods A prospective cohort sample of Norwegian medical students (N=631) were assessed in their final semester (T1), and in the first (T2) and fourth (T3) postgraduate year. The average observation period was 3.6 years. Results The prevalence of mental health problems that needed treatment over the preceding year was observed to have increased from 11% at T2 to 17% at T3. There was no increase in help-seeking. Longitudinally, 34% reported that they needed treatment on one or several occasions. Adjusted predictors of help-seeking were perceived level of mental health problems and a reality weakness personality trait. Conclusion Those who sought help had higher levels of emotional distress than those who did not. However, higher reality weakness scores predicted lower help-seeking and, therefore, may be a risk factor for avoiding necessary care.     

Stress symptoms and burnout in obstetric and gynaecology residents

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to examine the burnout syndrome among residents in obstetrics and gynaecology in Spain, and to analyse the predisposing factors for this condition. SETTING: Eight Spanish University hospitals. SAMPLE: A total of 162 residents representative of all active residents in obstetrics and gynaecology in Spain with regards to age, sex and year of residency were asked to take part in this survey. METHODS: The Maslach Burnout Inventory was mailed to each resident of eight Spanish hospitals representative of all active residents in obstetrics and gynaecology in Spain with regards to age, sex and year of residency. Burnout was defined as a high score on the emotional exhaustion or depersonalisation subscores, according to validated standard cutoff values. The demographic and predisposing work factors were noted for each participant using a self-reported questionnaire. A binary logistic regression model was constructed from all predisposing factors as covariates for the prediction of the burnout syndrome. RESULTS: Sixty-seven percent of the 162 eligible residents returned their questionnaires within a 3-month period. Of those, 58% fulfilled the criteria for the burnout syndrome. In the multivariate analysis, marital status and workload in office practice were found to be significant predisposing factors. Single marital status increased the odds ratio for burnout by 5.2 (95% CI 1.3-21). For every extra ten patients attended in the office per week, the odds ratio for burnout increased by 1.25 (95% CI 1.0-1.5). A stratified multivariate subanalysis showed that this risk remained significant only in the group of residents without staff supervision with an odds ratio of 2.1 (95% CI 1.3-2.9). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of the burnout syndrome during obstetrics and gynaecology residency is high. Single marital status and workload in office practice without staff supervision are significant predisposing factors.     

检验医学实习生临床科研能力培养探讨

检验实习教学是检验医学专业学生从理论向临床实践过渡的阶段,是培养高素质、创新型检验人才的关键阶段。文章介绍检验实习教学的现状和问题,阐述检验实习生临床科研创新能力培养的重要意义,积极探索临床科研创新能力培养模式的实施方法,以更好地推动现代检验医学复合型人才的培养。     

Improving Health Professions Students’ Understanding of Interprofessional Roles Through Participation in a Patient Stabilization Simulation

Objective. To teach interprofessional communication and teamwork skills to health professions students through a standardized patient simulation on acute patient stabilization and measure the impact on learners’ perceptions of interprofessional collaboration.Methods. Medical and pharmacy students in their final year and post-licensure nurses in their initial six-month probationary period worked together to stabilize a simulated acutely ill standardized patient. Perceptions of IPE were assessed pre- and post-simulation using the Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education-Revised Instrument, version 2 (SPICE-R2). Medical student participants’ scores were compared to those of a concurrently enrolled cohort of medical students who did not participate in the simulation.Results. Eighty learners participated in the simulation and all completed pre and post SPICE-R2 assessments. Learners’ perceptions increased significantly in all domains, including understanding of roles in collaborative practice, interprofessional teamwork and team-based practice, and patient outcomes from collaborative practice. Compared to the control cohort, participants’ perceptions of team-based practice and the impact on patient outcomes improved significantly, while a statistically similar improvement in scores for understanding of roles and responsibilities was seen. The SPICE-R2 scores increased similarly among students in each profession. Repeat exposure to the simulation continued to improve perceptions but not as robustly as the initial simulation.Conclusion. This simulation changed learners’ perceptions of how interprofessional collaboration affects patient care, which supports the incorporation of standardized patient-based interprofessional education even in the late-stage education of health professionals.     

The perceptions of attending doctors of the role of residents as teachers of undergraduate clinical students

INTRODUCTION: Much of undergraduate clinical teaching is provided by residents. An earlier study showed the attitude of residents towards teaching to be generally positive. Little is known, however, about attending doctors' views on their own and residents' roles as teachers of medical students. OBJECTIVES: To examine attending doctors' perceptions of the (dis)advantages of resident teaching, their own teaching abilities and the need for a teacher training programme for residents. METHOD: A questionnaire survey of 76 attending doctors was carried out in the Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Paediatrics at the teaching hospitals of the Universities of Maastricht and Amsterdam, the Netherlands. RESULTS: Attending doctors perceive teaching by residents to be beneficial for students and residents alike. Although they consider themselves to be better suited than residents to teach medical students, they see teaching as an integral part of residency training and feel it should be recognised as such by departments and medical schools. Attending doctors are in favour of a teacher training programme for residents, which should include communication, clinical and teaching skills as well as skills such as time management and (self-) assessment. DISCUSSION: Despite the uneven distribution of participants between the departments, no significant differences were found between departments. It is interesting that attending doctors perceive teacher training as beneficial to residents' teaching skills, but provide more feedback on residents' attitudes than on their teaching. The results show that, in general, attending doctors share residents' views that teaching is an important component of residency and that a teacher training programme for residents is to be recommended.     

A categorization scheme for assessing pharmacy students' levels of reflection during internships

Objective

To test the reliability, feasibility, and responsiveness of a categorization scheme for assessing pharmacy students'' levels of reflection during internships.

Methods

Pharmacy interns at Uppsala University were asked to write a reflective essay about patient counseling at the start and end of their internships. A modified version of Kember''s categorization scheme for assessing the level of reflection was used to evaluate these essays.

Results

Based on their essay scores, the students'' levels of reflection increased during the internship course (p < 0.001) The mean time for categorization was 3 minutes per essay. The interrater reliability of the 182 essays was κ = 0.63.

Conclusions

The evaluation of the categorization scheme showed that it has good interrater reliability, feasibility, and responsiveness. This scheme might be useful in pharmacy practice educational settings, but needs further validation.     

Supervisory Training Experiences and Overall Supervisory Development in Predoctoral Interns

ABSTRACT

A questionnaire about the extent and quality of supervision training in graduate programs and predoctoral internship sites was completed by 233 predoctoral interns. Results indicated that 72% of interns reported having supervised at least one trainee during their graduate training, although only 39% had completed a graduate course on supervision. The total number of supervision training activities and the number of mentored supervision hours were found to predict interns' psychotherapy supervision development level scores.