The clinician's role in meeting patient information needs: suggested learning outcomes

BACKGROUND: Patients have always fulfilled their information needs from a variety of different sources over time. Clinician-patient consultations are one part of that process. Some patients have increasing opportunities to obtain information through new sources such as the internet, touch-screens, and patient-held records. Others remain poorly informed. OBJECTIVES: To identify learning outcomes for clinicians in meeting patient information needs and working with well-informed patients. DESIGN: Four-stage multicentre multidisciplinary qualitative study. SETTING AND SUBJECTS: (1) Semistructured interviews with 20 clinicians in Glasgow; (2) semistructured interviews with 52 clinicians in Nottingham and London; (3) testing of consensus by postal questionnaire and Delphi method amongst 37 clinicians in medicine, nursing and the professions allied to medicine, and (4) conference to discuss results. RESULTS: 46 learning outcomes were identified in the eight areas of: placing a higher priority on patient information and education; understanding the patient's information needs and environment; understanding the emotional aspects of learning; developing patient understanding; helping patients to understand about health care and health care information; learning from the patient; knowing about information sources and their use, and issues of multidisciplinary working. CONCLUSIONS: The suggested learning outcomes provide the basis for wider discussion, for possible inclusion in curricula both at undergraduate and continuing education levels, and as the basis for the development of new educational materials.     

上海某区公共网吧健康危害因素评价

[目的]评价网吧的卫生状况及其对顾客可能产生的健康危害因素。[方法]随机抽取黄浦区9个街道的18家正式登记注册具营业执照的网吧作为调查对象,对其空气质量、物理环境以及电脑操作部件污染状况进行检测,并随机抽取202位泡吧者进行问卷调查,对操作者头部距屏幕距离、电脑磁场强度进行检测。[结果]网吧室内环境空气中有一家了CO_2超标,为0.73%;两家网吧可吸入颗粒(IP)值超标,分别为0.31、0.27mg/m~3;一家网吧甲醛质量浓度超标,为0.15mg/m~3;有2家网吧的键盘上检出有大肠菌群污染;18家照度均不合格;其余测定项目均符合国家现行卫生标准。202台电脑的极低频磁场强度(ELF-MF)平均值为0.04μT(操作者头部位),标准差为0.05μT,其中最大ELF- MF为0.34μT。在用电脑时,202位被调查者头部距屏幕的距离平均值为49.5cm,标准差为12.18cm,其中95%的人超过30cm,75%的人超过40cm。[结论]黄浦区公共网吧卫生状况总体较好,但仍存在各种健康危害因素,应尽快将公共网吧纳入卫生监管,引导上网者养成良好的上网卫生习惯,尽可能降低危害因素对健康的影响。     

青少年网络成瘾与童年期虐待忽视的相关性研究

目的 了解青少年网络成瘾的流行状况,分析青少年网络成瘾与其童年期虐待忽视的关系。方法 整群抽取安徽省阜阳、铜陵、天长3市5 726名初一~高三学生,使用自编“安徽省青少年健康相关行为问卷”调查研究对象一般情况、网络成瘾、童年期虐待忽视等进行调查。结果 男生网络成瘾检出率为5.41%,女生为2.93%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=47.66,P<0.001)。男生躯体虐待、情感虐待、性虐待、躯体忽视检出率均高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。童年期情感虐待、性虐待和躯体虐待是青少年轻度网络成瘾的危险因素(P均<0.05),童年期性虐待是青少年重度网络成瘾的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 青少年网络成瘾与其童年期虐待忽视密切相关,在探讨青少年网络成瘾影响因素的同时,应关注童年期虐待忽视对网络成瘾的影响。     

自我和谐在社会支持与网络成瘾倾向之间的中介效应

目的 探讨社会支持、自我和谐与网络成瘾倾向之间的关系.方法 采用社会评定量表(SSRS)、自我和谐量表(SCCS)和网络成瘾诊断量表(IAD)对480名在校大学生进行测量.结果 ①社会支持、自我和谐与网络成瘾倾向三者显著相关(P＜0.01);②社会支持对自我和谐(Beta=0.36,t=8.14,P＜0.01)和网络成...     

军队干休所医学继续教育管理平台应用及效果

“军队干休所网上医学继续教育管理平台”经过改版升级,系统功能趋于完善,性能得到提高,知识管理平台和医学考试平台的各项功能得到全面应用,系统在干休所医务人员医学继续教育方面的作用越来越显现。     

基于信息技术的社区康复工作模式

社区康复是在社区内为残疾人提供多层面的策略,最终实现包融性社区发展,是三级康复服务体系的基层终端。本文结合文献分析国内社区康复的现状,参考国际社区康复理念,讨论存在的问题。提出借助网络信息技术,探索新的社区康复工作模式。     

人格特质、网络使用动机与网络成瘾倾向的关系

目的：探讨人格特质、网络使用动机与网络成瘾倾向之间的关系。方法：使用大五人格问卷（NEO-PI-R）、自编的网络使用调查问卷和中文网络成瘾量表（CIAS），调查了207名大、中学生被试。结果：①不同网络成瘾倾向组在经验开放性（O）、宜人性（A）和神经质（N）人格特质上存在显著差异，成瘾倾向与经验开放性、宜人性呈负相关．与神经质呈正相关；②不同网络成瘾倾向组在娱乐动机、学习动机、信息动机和交际动机上存在显著差异，成瘾倾向高者动机更强；③信息上网动机、娱乐上网动机以及神经质人格维度可以对网络成瘾倾向进行有效预测。结论：人格特质、网络使用动机影响网络成瘾倾向。     

基于物联网技术野战输液监控装置的研制与应用

目的：基于物联网技术,研制一种可满足野战条件下战伤救治需要的智能输液监控装置.方法：将物联网技术和传感器技术、无线通信技术相结合,同时设计合理的算法完成系统的研制.结果：当伤病员在输液过程发生异常（速度改变、静脉回血堵塞、导管接头脱落等）或输液结束时,监控主机及移动终端都能实时发出报警信息.结论：整个系统达到了设计要求,实现了医护人员对伤病员输液治疗的实时监控和全程智能化管理的目的,在提高野战条件下输液管理效率的同时,有效保障了输液安全.     

中风病临床研究现状剖析

[目的]以中风病为例,阐述了目前国内中医临床研究的现状。[方法]用互联网检索1994-2004年间发表于中文核心期刊的中风疗效观察相关文章,从其采用的试验方法、疗效标准、统计方法等几方面进行分析。[结果]共检索到603篇相关文章,在所有文献中所占的比率最高,为53.6%。[结论]目前国内临床研究处在较低的水平,但发展速度较快。     

Digital peer‐to‐peer information seeking and sharing: Opportunities for education and collaboration in newborn screening

Parents use the internet to connect with their peers and access information about a multitude of health topics, including newborn screening (NBS). As the NBS system evolves, education about NBS must be evaluated and updated to remain accessible and beneficial to parents. In this article, we aim to describe parents' current NBS educational needs and highlight areas to improve newborn screening education by detailing an analysis of NBS posts on an online parenting discussion platform. We analyzed a total of 317 discussion posts on BabyCenter®, finding that parents had questions about and desired support around many aspects of NBS including processes, results, and follow‐up. As a result of this analysis, three recommendations to improve NBS education were developed. Through collaboration and by leveraging technology, we can provide parents with accessible, timely, and desired NBS informational and social support.