一种双计算机互联的视觉诱发电位采集系统

本文研制了一种采用二台计算机互联方法实现的诱发电位采集系统，该系统将刺激图形的产生和数据采集分别由两台计算机来完成，通过一些附加的处理保证了模式“给”“撤”光与数据采集的同步，实验结果与目前通用的诱发电位仪的结果基本一致，但比一般的诱发电位仪具有更丰富更灵活的刺激图形方式，本系统为深入研究ＶＥＰ提供了一个价廉、方便、灵活的实验系统。     

Choleretic activity of 2-demethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-11-deoxymisoprostol on the model of CCl<Subscript>4</Subscript>-induced hepatitis

Therapeutic administration of 11-deoxymisoprostol had a hepatoprotective effect, which manifested in a decrease in the content of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in blood plasma, and produced a choleretic effect in rats with CCl₄-induced toxic hepatitis. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 2, pp. 183–184, February, 2008     

Role of specific adrenergic and cholinergic receptors of the blood vessel wall in the regulation of blood clotting during stimulation of the vagus nerve

Experiments on dogs showed that if the specific adrenergic receptors of the blood vessel wall (- and -receptors) were blocked by phentolamine or inderal it still continued to produce tissue blood clotting factors after stimulation of the vagus nerve. No response of this type was observed to stimulation of the nerve after the cholinergic receptors had been blocked by atropine. It is concluded that hyperfibrinolysis and hypercoagulation developing after vagus nerve stimulation are due to excitation of cholinergic structures.Department of Normal Physiology, Chita Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. N. Filatov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 78, No. 8, pp. 19–22, August, 1974.     

知识模式转换在医学科技创新中的作用

医学科技创新是医院赖以生存与发展的动力,医学科技创新的过程也是医学知识模式不断转换的过程,本文从知识模式转换的视角,探讨知识管理对医学科技创新的意义与作用     

Identification of quinolinic acid in rat and human brain tissue

An analytical technique for the determination of the excitotoxic compound quinolinic acid (2,3-pyridine dicarboxylic acid) in brain tissue has been developed. Following sample prepurification by ion exchange and high pressure liquid chromatography, quinolinic acid is converted to the dihexafluoroisopropyl ester and the derivative is analyzed by mass fragmentography. Using the present technique quinolinic acid has been identified in both rat and human brain tissue.     

Pentobarbital-induced drinking does not rely on a renal dipsogen

Injections of pentobarbital have been shown to produce drinking in both deprived and nondeprived rats and a number of other studies have shown that pentobarbital is a potent renin releasor. Since renin has been shown to be involved in thirst regulatory mechanisms and since the dipsogenic actions of other renin-releasing agents have been blocked by nephrectomy, we sought to determine whether or not pentobarbital-induced drinking relies on a renal dipsogen. Rats were either "sham" operated or nephrectomized under ether anesthesia. Five to six hours later, animals in each group were injected with either 9.5 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium or vehicle, and intakes were measured 60 minutes later. Statistical analysis of water intakes indicated that pentobarbital produced significant drinking in both control operated and in nephrectomized rats, and that the intakes in these two groups did not differ. These results indicate that pentobarbital-induced drinking is not secondary to increased plasma renin activity and may suggest the involvement of central mechanisms in the drinking response.     

β Chain deficiency in three patients with dysfunctional C8 molecules

Structural and functional studies were performed on a dysfunctional C8 molecule present in the serum of two siblings and an unrelated individual. The C8 in these three sera exhibited a pattern of partial immunologic identity with C8 in normal serum but was devoid of functional activity. The C8 was immunoprecipitated from the three sera and from a control serum with an antihuman C8 antiserum and analyzed by SDS-PAGE using highly purified human C8 as a reference. A selective absence of a band of 62,000 mol. wt was observed in the immunoprecipitates from the sera containing dysfunctional C8. Experiments performed with the purified α-γ and γ subunits showed that the hemolytic activity of the C8 deficient sera could be reconstituted by the addition of the β chain but not the α-γ dimer. Binding of the dysfunctional C8 to C$\text{567}$ was excluded by the following observations: (1) EAC 1–7 treated with the C8 deficient sera and then washed could not be lysed after the addition of the β subunit and C9; and (2) the abnormal molecules did not interfere with the consumption of normal C8 by the soluble complex SC5b-7.     

Unpredictable and uncontrollable stress impairs neuronal plasticity in the rat hippocampus

Almost by definition, learning and the effect of stress on learning represent modifications of existing neuronal circuitry. Under some circumstances, this modification can be measured electrophysiologically. One such measure of plasticity is long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy following brief exposure to tetanic stimulation. In 1987, Foy et al. reported that hippocampal LTP was impaired by exposure to inescapable shock. We have recent evidence that the impairment in LTP can be prevented by allowing the animal to learn to escape the shock (Shors et al., 1989), indicating that the stress effect is to some extent mediated by "psychological" variables. Regardless of LTP's putative role in learning and memory processes, such a stress-induced decrease in neuronal plasticity is likely to have profound effects on the behaving organism.