Effect of treatment with myo-inositol on semen parameters of patients undergoing an IVF cycle: in vivo study

Introduction: Myo-inositol (MI) is a precursor for the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol polyphosphates (PIPs). The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of its administration on semen parameters of male patients undergoing an in vitro fertilization cycles.

Methods: In vivo study. Samples were semen of 62 patients divided into three different groups: healthy fertile patients (Group A); patients with oligoasthenospermia (OA) (Group B); control group (CTR). The collected samples were analyzed by optic microscopy in order to evaluate semen’s volume, spermatozoa’s number and motility before and after density-gradient separation method. These parameters were evaluated before and after administration of 4000?mg/die of MI and 400?µg of folic acid for 2 months. The results were analyzed statistically with Student's t-test.

Results: After treatment there was a significant increase of basal and after density-gradient separation method spermatozoa concentration in Group B, and a significant increase of spermatozoa count after density-gradient separation method in Group A. The motility values were higher in healthy men than patients with OA before treatment, but there was no improvement in both groups after treatment.

Conclusions: Exogenous administration of MI significantly improves semen’s parameters both in patients with OA and in normal fertile men.     

无痛注射联合镇痛药物缓解新生大鼠疼痛的对比研究

目的 探讨无痛注射选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂(SSRI)缓解新生大鼠疼痛的作用,比较刺激前后新生大鼠呼吸、心率、尖叫频率和甩尾频率变化.方法 将14日龄新生SD大鼠随机分为对照组、SSRI组、盐酸利多卡因组,每组各10只.用血糖针针尖完全刺入新生SD大鼠臀部作为疼痛刺激,针刺后立即用宜捷无针注射笔在针刺部位分别注射9 g·L-1盐水、盐酸氟西汀及盐酸利多卡因,测定新生大鼠刺激前后心率、呼吸、尖叫频率和甩尾频率.结果 在血糖针刺激后,新生SD大鼠心率、呼吸、尖叫频率和甩尾频率经历从瞬间升高到逐渐恢复正常的过程.SSRI组新生大鼠的心率在刺激后第4-5分钟、刺激后第6-7分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);呼吸在刺激瞬间至刺激后1 min、刺激后第4-5分钟,刺激后第6-7分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);尖叫频率在刺激后第2-3分钟、刺激后第4-5分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);甩尾频率在刺激瞬间到刺激后1 min,刺激后第2-3分钟,第4-5分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05).盐酸利多卡因组新生大鼠的心率在刺激后第4-5分钟、刺激后第6-7分钟,明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);呼吸在刺激瞬间至刺激后1 min、刺激后第2-3分钟、刺激后第4-5分钟和刺激后第6-7分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);尖叫频率在刺激后第2-3分钟、刺激后第4-5分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);甩尾频率在刺激后第2-3分钟、刺激后第4-5分钟和刺激后第6-7分钟均明显低于对照组(Pa<0.05);同时盐酸利多卡因组呼吸、心率和尖叫频率在回落正常后时间段(包括刺激后第4-5分钟,刺激后第6-7分钟)较对照组仍持续低下.甩尾频率在刺激后各时间点和心率、呼吸、尖叫频率同时下降.结论 无痛注射SSRI能有效缓解新生大鼠疼痛,与无痛注射盐酸利多卡因相似,两药可联合应用;新生大鼠甩尾频率可作为评估新生大鼠疼痛的新型无创量化指标之一.     

儿童1型糖尿病应用动态血糖监测系统的效能分析

目的评价动态血糖监测系统(CGMS)在儿童1型糖尿病血糖监测中的效能。方法应用CGMS监测17例1型糖尿病患儿的血糖,与指血血糖值比较,应用相关分析、血糖误差分析表格(EGA)等方法评价其效能。结果在总体、高、正常血糖水平,相匹配的CGMS血糖值与指血血糖值相关系数分别为0.96、0.92、0.94(P均<0.01);在低血糖水平,两者相关性下降(r=0.73,P<0.01)。CGMS血糖值在指血血糖值±20%和±30%范围的总体比例为88.5%、93.8%;在高、正常、低血糖水平,CGMS血糖值在指血血糖值±20%和±30%范围的比率分别为94.1%、96.5%,81.8%、90.3%,50.0%、80.0%。结论CGMS的血糖监测结果与血糖仪一致,能较准确地监测儿童1型糖尿病患儿的血糖情况,更全面地反映患儿的血糖波动特征。     

消渴汤方剂对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠GLP-1分泌的影响

目的　探讨消渴汤方剂对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠类胰高血糖素肽 1(GLP 1)水平和血糖分泌的影响, 为Ⅱ型糖尿病的治疗提供新的思路。方法　应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)方法测定正常组、Ⅱ型糖尿病模型组 和口服消渴汤大鼠组血浆GLP 1和血糖水平。结果　Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠血糖水平明显高于正常大鼠,口服消渴 汤大鼠GLP 1水平明显高于Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠、血糖水平低于Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠,对正常组大鼠无影响。结论　 消渴汤使Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠GLP 1水平升高、血糖水平降低。     

脂肪肝与胰岛素抗性的关系

目的探讨脂肪肝与胰岛素抗性的关系。方法对30例诊断为脂肪肝患者作回顾性分析。结果多数患者合并胰岛素抗性综合征(高血压、肥胖症、糖尿病、高脂血症),18例接受口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)中,1例确诊为Ⅱ型糖尿病,17例患者中3例空腹血糖减损(IFG),1例糖耐量减退(IGT)及13例糖耐量正常(NGT)具有较正常人为高的血浆胰岛素(INS)浓度,胰岛素抗性脂数为8.91±1.52%。结论脂肪肝与胰岛素抗性所致的代谢紊乱关系紧密,呈正相关系。     

Oxidative Stress in Atherosclerosis and Diabetes

We measured the content of lipid peroxides in plasma LDL from patients with chronic CHD not accompanied by hypercholesterolemia; CHD and hypercholesterolemia; type 2 diabetes mellitus and decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism; and CHD, circulatory insufficiency, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (without hypercholesterolemia). The content of lipid peroxides in LDL isolated from blood plasma by differential ultracentrifugation in a density gradient was estimated by a highly specific method with modifications (reagent Fe²⁺ xylene orange and triphenylphosphine as a reducing agent for organic peroxides). The content of lipid peroxides in LDL from patients was much higher than in controls (patients without coronary heart disease and diabetes). Hypercholesterolemia and diabetes can be considered as factors promoting LDL oxidation in vivo. Our results suggest that stimulation of lipid peroxidation in low-density lipoproteins during hypercholesterolemia and diabetes is associated with strong autooxidation of cholesterol and glucose during oxidative and carbonyl (aldehyde) stress, respectively. These data illustrate a possible mechanism of the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. __________ Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 140, No. 7, pp. 48–51, July, 2005     

Reticular and plexiform perineurioma: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of two cases and review of perineurial neoplasms of skin and soft tissues

Perineurioma represents a recently described and relatively rare neoplasm in the spectrum of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumours composed of perineurial cells staining immunohistochemically positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). In addition to intraneural, extraneural and sclerosing perineurioma, rare variants of perineurioma may occur, and their knowledge is important in the differential diagnosis of mesenchymal tumours of different lines of differentiation and clinically more aggressive neoplasms. We present a case of deep-seated reticular perineurioma arising on the upper arm of a 34-year-old female and a case of a dermal plexiform perineurioma arising on the lower lip of a 60-year-old female. The diagnosis was confirmed in both cases immunohistochemically; neoplastic cells stained positively for EMA and for the newly described perineurial markers, claudin-1 and glut-1. The morphological spectrum and the differential diagnosis of perineurial neoplasms of skin and soft tissues are discussed.     

猫脑出血血肿周围组织糖代谢的18F-FDG PET/CT研究

目的：研究猫脑出血后血肿周同脑组织糖代谢的变化规律。方法：14只猫作为实验对象，取自体股动脉血1．0ml，在立体定向仪下注入猫右侧基底节处，制作猫脑出血模型，模型组按脑血肿手术形成后的时间分为2、6、12、24、48、72、120h共7组，每组2只；对照组2只，除不注血外，手术操作同模型组。每组动物行MR检查后，从股静脉注入^(18)F—FDG5mCi，40min后行PET／CT检查，并依据PET图像，对血肿周围脑组织进行放射计数的统计与分析。结果：①PET／CT能较清楚地显示猫脑正常结构及血肿、血肿周围组织的代谢变化；②从PET图像上观察，血肿形成2h，血肿周围脑组织^（18）F—FDG浓聚程度已发现明显减低，并明显低于镜像侧，术后6h达最低水平，72h开始明显恢复，120h双侧接近一致并开始恢复至对照组水平；③模型组血肿周围脑组织^（18）F—FDG放射计数值的分布呈现2-48h低计数，72h计数开始升高，120h时双侧接近并开始恢复至对照组水平。结论：血肿形成后2～48h双侧脑组织糖代谢率明显降低，且患侧明显低于镜像健侧，72h开始恢复，120h接近于对照组。     

壳聚糖改性丝素合金膜的制备及其相关性质研究

以无毒氧化葡萄糖醛作交联剂 ,采用溶液共混交联法制备壳聚糖改性丝素合金膜。用 FTIR、DSC表征其结构 ,测定其等电点、力学性能、不同 p H条件下的溶胀率和对模型药物 5 - Fu的渗透性。结果表明 :改性丝素合金膜中丝素和壳聚糖分子间存在着强烈的氢键相互作用及良好的相容性。改性膜的等电点对应的 p H值是 5 .35 ,而丝素膜的等电点是 4 .5。改性膜的力学性能优于单组分膜 ,当壳聚糖含量为 4 0 %～ 6 0 %时 ,具有最大的抗张强度和拉伸率 ,分别为 71.4～ 72 .7MPa和 2 .96～ 3.82 %。改性丝素合金膜对 5 - Fu的渗透量与壳聚糖的含量和时间成正相关关系 ,渗透系数随 p H值增大 (5→ 9)先逐渐减小然后略有增大 ,在 p H=7时最小。     

儿童生长激素缺乏症临床试验的综合评估(附20例临床分析)

目的评价20例生长激素缺乏症(GHD)儿童激素水平,包括生长激素(GH)、游离甲状腺素(FT3、FT4)、促甲状腺素(TSH)、促性腺激素(LH及FSH)、空腹血糖与垂体CT.方法所有内分泌激素均经放射免疫法(RIA)测定.生长激素激发试验分别给以口服左旋多巴(10mg/kg)及静脉注射胰岛素(0.05～0.1U/kg).随后,在0、30、60、90分钟分别抽血测定.空腹血糖为常规方法测定.垂体CT为冠状位增强扫描.结果20例中GH完全缺乏16例,GH部分缺乏症4例.其中2例合并中枢性甲状腺功能低下,2例合并外周性甲状腺功能低下.20例中15例促性腺激素分泌不足.垂体CT显示垂体正常7例,垂体发育不良10例,空蝶鞍3例.空腹血糖低于正常水平12例.结论生长激素缺乏症除生长激素分泌不足外,易伴发性腺及甲状腺功能受损.空腹血糖水平较易低下.提示对这类患儿应综合评估.垂体CT提示患儿垂体可有不同程度异常,不应忽视.