医药类高校本科生信息素养培养的研究

信息素养是信息社会人们应该具备的基本素质之一,本文根据作者的教学经验和体会,结合相关理论和政策提出针对医药类高校本科生信息素养教育的实施建议,希望在提高医药类高校本科生信息素养方面具有一定的参考价值。     

Induced Abortion: Decision and Need for Medical Information

This study gives attention to the preabortion encounter: to what extent medical information was provided and to what extent professional health workers took part in the decision-making process concerning abortion. During the first half year of 1983, 405 women demanding abortion at the Gynecological Department, University Hospital of Trondheim, Norway were interviewed. Ninety-five per cent of the women had a preabortion visit at a physician's office. Nearly 44 % of the women were informed about the surgical procedure, while only 26 % of the women were informed about the possible medical risks. Upon arrival at the hospital to have the abortion carried out 53 % of the women wanted information about the surgical procedures, while 72 % wanted information about possible medical complications related to the intervention. Fifty-six per cent of the women decided on abortion themselves. Seventy-six per cent (304/405) of the women had discussed termination of the pregnancy with their partners. Of these women 54 % (164/304) decided on abortion together with their partners. Married women and cohabitants decided more often together with their partners than women living alone did (p<0.01). Only seven per cent of the women who had a preabortion visit discussed the abortion decision with their physician, while less than one per cent of the women decided on abortion during consultation with their physician. At the time of conception over 70 % of the women were not using any contraceptives. Among those women who became pregnant as a result of contraceptive failure, significantly more women were either married or cohabitants. The majority of the abortion-seeking women had a pre-abortion visit with a general practitioner. Information on procedures at the hospital and possible medical risks related to the intervention should be provided at the preabortion visit without request from the woman. The primary health care has the possibility for continuing support, therefore primary health care is the place for family planning discussion, pre-post abortion counseling.     

O3-DPACS system: challenges and original solutions in developing an open source project for the PACS critical system

Objective  Within the context of the Open Three Consortium project, a new version of the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) was developed in order to take advantage of new technologies and comply as best as possible to some requirements for a state-of-the-art health information system. Such requirements are the result of ten years of research run by the Bioengineering and ICT group from the University of Trieste. Materials and methods  The requirements include the use of open source technologies, but developing a PACS system using such approach and model generates some issues, since a PACS represents always a critical system. The main issue is the opposition that Open Source has to face in literature and market due to doubts concerning its reliability. The requirements also include the use of open standards, portability and scalability. This paper describes the state-of-the-art in literature as seen under the light of the mentioned requirements and how the author faced the challenges to make O3-DPACS achieve the best degree of satisfaction to those requirements, taking care of each of them as early as from the software design phase and using original solutions. Results  Original solutions were developed for great scalability and portability, granting the execution of the software on different Application Servers. Real world success stories are reported and compared. Moreover, the architecture of the software is analyzed, proposing it as a model for the development of open source critical systems. Conclusion  The solutions implemented in O3-DPACS seem to make it the system which best fits the requirements to date, and we think the software architecture proposed, coupled with organizational arrangements, is able to take reliability and quality into healthcare open source applications.     

信息系统审计--备份与灾难恢复方案

信息系统有着与生俱来的风险,这种风险以不同的方式冲击着信息系统。就医院行业来讲,HIS已成为医院业务处理的核心,如何控制和规避风险,就需要在建设实施HIS的同时,按照信息系统审计要求,对HIS的安全、风险管理与控制制定方案与审计,目的是保障系统的正常运行。本文也是本院HIS实施过程中制定的审计文档。     

Working towards a European food information resource – EuroFIR

Summary  Food information resources (food composition tables and electronic databases) are used by a range of different people including dietitians and other health professionals, food manufacturers and producers, and epidemiologists and other researchers.     

国内医院信息系统标准化存在的问题及解决方案

标准化问题目前已成为医院信息系统建设的一个主要障碍.就此情况,本文分析讨论了国内医院信息系统标准化过程中存在的问题及其原因,并针对如何加强医院信息系统标准化建设提出了一系列建议.     

PACS系统的发展与问题探讨

目的 探讨PACS(picture archiving and communication system，PACS)的应用及管理。方法 以PACS应用结果为依据并进行分析，对系统进行综合管理。建立了一套科学完善的PACS系统，适应和满足了目前数字化医院的高需求。并为将来进一步的应用提供了良好的应用条件，为院内实现图像、信息、病人资料等方面的共享与传输提供了保障，为医院科学化、规范化管理奠定了基础。结果 提高对PACS系统认识，了解PACS在医院中的作用，以选择符合自身情况的工作模式。结论 PACS的建设是要实现全院网络化PACS，在新的世纪到来的信息时代，必然有更多的医院将建设起完善的全科网络化PACS系统，并促进数字化医院的发展和建设。     

Sensitivity to feared stimuli in obsessive-compulsives: A dichotic listening analysis

The experiment reported here was designed to test whether fear-relevant stimuli are preceived more readily than neutral ones, and whether vigilance for the former is due to fear or to familiarity. Eleven obsessive-compulsives were administered a dichotic listening task before and after treatment by exposure and response prevention. Behavioral (button press) and physiological (skin conductance response) measures revealed that fear-relevant words were detected more than neutral words before but not after treatment. Additionally, the magnitude of the skin conductance response was greater to fearrelevant than to neutral targets before but not after treatment. These findings suggest that sensitivity to fear-relevant stimuli is due to fear and not familiarity.