补阳还五汤对大鼠化疗相关外周神经痛的预防作用及其机制

目的观察补阳还五汤对紫杉醇诱导的大鼠外周神经痛的预防作用,并以脊髓大麻素受体为主要靶点,探讨其作用机制。方法将50只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、预防组、AM630组、AM251组,每组10只。除对照组外,其余各组于实验第1,3,5,7天分别腹腔注射紫杉醇2 mg/kg;预防组在建模的同时每天予补阳还五汤2.5 g/(kg·d)灌胃干预14 d;AM630组在预防组的基础上于每天灌胃前予3 mg/kg大麻素Ⅱ型受体(CBR2)阻滞剂AM630腹腔注射;AM251组在预防组的基础上于每天灌胃前予1.5 mg/kg大麻素Ⅰ型受体(CBR1)阻滞剂AM251腹腔注射。每7 d记录1次各组大鼠体质量,并使用von fery纤维丝测试各组大鼠机械缩足阈值(MWT),共观察28 d;实验观察28 d后使用RT-PCR检测各组大鼠脊髓组织中CBR1、CBR2、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的mRNA表达水平。结果实验第7,14,21,28天,各组大鼠体质量增量比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。模型组实验第7,14,21,28天的MWT均显著低于同期对照组(P均<0.05);预防组、AM251组实验第14,21,28天的MWT均显著高于同期模型组(P均<0.05),但AM630组与模型组比较、预防组与AM251组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。模型组CBR2、CBR1、GFAP mRNA表达水平与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA表达水平明显高于对照组(P均<0.05);预防组和AM251组CBR2 mRNA表达水平明显高于模型组(P均<0.05),IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA表达水平均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05);AM630组与模型组比较、预防组与AM251组比较各相关蛋白mRNA表达水平差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论补阳还五汤可以预防紫杉醇诱导的外周神经痛,机制可能与其激活脊髓CBR2,并进一步抑制脊髓IL-1β、TNF-α等炎症细胞因子的表达有关。     

利咽散结方对自发性高血压大鼠血压及相关炎性因子的影响

目的研究利咽散结方对自发性高血压大鼠血压及相关炎性因子的影响。方法将36只自发性高血压大鼠随机分为利咽散结方组、氨氯地平组、模型组,每组12只。正常WKY大鼠12只作为正常组。利咽散结方组给予利咽散结方药液15.6 g/kg灌胃,氨氯地平组给予氨氯地平药液0.001 g/kg灌胃,模型组和正常组均给予等体积的蒸馏水灌胃,均1次/d,连续8周。测量各组大鼠灌胃前及灌胃2周、4周、6周、8周后血压,末次灌胃结束后用ELISA法测定血清炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平。结果利咽散结方组与氨氯地平组灌胃2周、4周、6周、8周后收缩压与舒张压均显著低于同期模型组(P均<0.05);利咽散结方组灌胃2周、4周、6周、8周后收缩压均显著高于同期氨氯地平组(P<0.05),而舒张压与同期氨氯地平组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。模型组血清TNF-α、hs-CRP、IL-6水平均明显高于正常组(P均<0.05),IL-10水平明显低于正常组(P<0.05);利咽散结方组与氨氯地平组血清TNF-α、hs-CRP、IL-6水平均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05),且利咽散结方组均明显低于氨氯地平组(P均<0.05);利咽散结方组与氨氯地平组血清IL-10水平均明显高于模型组(P均<0.05),且利咽散结方组明显高于氨氯地平组(P<0.05)。结论利咽散结方可显著降低自发性高血压大鼠血压,其降收缩压效果不如氨氯地平,降舒张压效果与氨氯地平相近,其作用机制可能与调节炎性因子水平有关。     

补骨脂二氢黄酮甲醚对Aβ 诱导PC12 细胞损伤的保护作用及机制研究

目的探讨补骨脂二氢黄酮甲醚对β淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid protein,Aβ)诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用及其相关机制。方法采用Aβ(1.5×10-4mol·L-1)诱导的PC12细胞作为阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)细胞模型,并以补骨脂二氢黄酮甲醚(1×10-6mol·L-1)、雌二醇(1×10-5mol·L-1)进行干预。实验设置空白组、Aβ组、补骨脂二氢黄酮甲醚组、雌二醇组。采用四甲基噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞活力;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;试剂盒检测细胞线粒体膜电位,以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量;采用Western Blot法检测细胞中白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)蛋白表达水平。结果与空白组比较,Aβ组的细胞存活率、线粒体膜电位及SOD、GSH-PX活性明显降低(P<0.01),细胞凋亡率、MDA含量以及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-a蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01)。与Aβ组相比,补骨脂二氢黄酮甲醚组的细胞存活率、线粒体膜电位及SOD、GSH-PX活性明显升高(P<0.01),细胞凋亡率、MDA含量以及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论补骨脂二氢黄酮甲醚对Aβ诱导的PC12细胞损伤具有保护作用,可能与提高其抗氧化酶活性及线粒体膜电位,减少炎症因子分泌有关。     

地黄饮子对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后炎症反应的抑制作用

目的探讨地黄饮子通过抑制脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠炎症反应发挥脑保护作用的机制。方法采用两侧颈总动脉夹闭方法制备脑缺血再灌注模型大鼠,模型复制成功后灌胃给药地黄饮子连续7 d。末次给药后,对大鼠进行神经行为学Longa评分和Berderson评分,核磁共振血管成像检测观察大鼠颅内血管变化,HE染色法观察大鼠脑组织病理改变,酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠大脑皮层组织、血清的促炎因子和抗炎因子的表达水平。结果地黄饮子可降低脑缺血再灌注大鼠的神经行为学Longa评分和Berderson评分(P<0.05,P<0.01);增宽大鼠颅内血管直径(P<0.05,P<0.01);改善大鼠脑组织神经元形态;降低大鼠大脑皮层以及血清中促炎因子白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素17(IL-17)含量(P<0.05,P<0.01),增加大脑皮层以及血清中抗炎因子白细胞介素10(IL-10)、转化生长因子(TGF)-β含量(P<0.01)。结论地黄饮子可能通过纠正脑缺血后体内促炎因子和抗炎因子的失衡状态,抑制炎症反应,减轻脑组织损伤,发挥脑保护作用。     

Overview of Chios Mastic Gum (Pistacia lentiscus) Effects on Human Health

Despite the remarkable development of the medical industry in the current era, herbal products with therapeutic potentials arise as attractive alternative treatments. Consequently, Chios mastiha, a natural, aromatic resin obtained from the trunk and brunches of the mastic tree, has recently gained increasing scientific interest due to its multiple beneficial actions. Chios mastiha is being exclusively produced on the southern part of Chios, a Greek island situated in the northern Aegean Sea, and its therapeutic properties have been known since Greek antiquity. There is now substantial evidence to suggest that mastiha demonstrates a plethora of favorable effects, mainly attributed to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties of its components. The main use of mastiha nowadays, however, is for the production of natural chewing gum, although an approval by the European Medicines Agency for mild dyspeptic disorders and for inflammations of the skin has been given. The aim of this article is to summarize the most important data about the therapeutic actions of Chios mastiha and discuss future fields for its medical application.     

基于CT平扫的影像组学模型鉴别肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤和周围型肺癌的研究

目的 探讨基于CT平扫的影像组学在鉴别肺炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(IMT)和周围型肺癌(PLC)的价值.方法 回顾性收集经我院及外院手术后病理证实的72例肺IMT及79例PLC的资料.使用A.K(Artificial Intelligence Kit)软件从CT平扫图像中提取高通量数据,对其进行特征筛选及降维,去除了重复性差...     

食管癌切除术后炎症反应的研究

目的:研究食管癌切除术后炎症介质IL-6、IL-8、TNF-a、中性粒细胞计数的变化.方法:选择拟行经左胸食管癌切除术的食管癌病例40例,在全麻双腔气管插管下经左胸行食管癌切除胃食管机械吻合术,术中左肺萎陷.分别于术前(T0),左肺恢复通气后(T1),术后6h(T2),12h(T3),24h(T4)采集外周血测定IL-6、IL-8、TNF-a、中性粒细胞计数.结果:外周血IL-6、IL-8、TNF-a、中性粒细胞计数在T1,T2,T3,T4时点均较T0升高.结论:开胸行食管癌切除术可引起炎症因子的升高.     

Review: Current recommendations on the role of diet in the aetiology and management of IBD

Diet is a key modifier of risk of inflammatory bowel disease development and potentially a treatment option in patients with established disease. International organisations in gastroenterology and inflammatory bowel disease have published guidelines for the role of diet in disease onset and its management. Here, we discuss the major overarching themes arising from these guidelines and appraise recent literature on the role of diet for inflammatory bowel disease prevention, treatment of active disease and maintenance of remission, considering these themes. Except for exclusive enteral nutrition in active Crohn’s disease, we currently possess very little evidence to make any further dietary recommendations for the management of inflammatory bowel disease. There is also currently uncertainty on the extrapolation of epidemiological dietary signals on risk of disease development and preclinical experiments in animal models to management, once disease is established. Until high-quality evidence from clinical research becomes available, the only specific recommendations for inflammatory bowel disease we might safely give are those of healthy eating which apply for the general population for overall health and well-being.     

附件炎性包块的诊断

附件炎性包块是指盆腔炎性疾病引起的附件区包块,多由性传播疾病的病原体（如淋病奈瑟菌和沙眼衣原体）感染引起,性生活活跃的年轻女性是高危人群。附件炎性包块会严重影响女性的生殖健康,故预防重于治疗。盆腔炎性疾病的临床表现差异较大,尚无敏感且特异的实验室检查指标,阴道超声诊断附件炎性包块的准确性较高,是临床常用的检查手段。     

Imaging benign gynaecological conditions

Radiology plays an essential role in the management of benign gynaecological conditions and includes: ultrasound; computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Each modality has a different role in diagnosis, treatment selection and follow-up. This review discusses the different imaging modalities, their recommended roles in the imaging and imaging findings of common female pelvic pathology.