Differences in Reported Outcomes in Industry-Funded vs Nonfunded Studies Assessing Thromboprophylaxis After Total Joint Arthroplasty

Background

There are numerous studies discussing thromboprophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), with varying conclusions. Patient inclusion criteria may be different for each study, which may lead to selection bias and misrepresentation of data. This study aimed to investigate if industry funding impacted patient demographics and overall reported outcomes of studies analyzing venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention after TJA.

Exposure of children and adolescents to alcohol advertising on Australian metropolitan free-to-air television

Aim   This study investigated the exposure of underage youth to alcohol television advertising on metropolitan free-to-air television in the five mainland capital city markets of Australia.
Design   Exposure levels (target audience rating points; TARPs) were obtained for all alcohol advertisements screened from November 2005 to October 2006 in each capital city market for: children 0–12 years; underage teens 13–17 years; young adults 18–24 years; and mature adults 25+ years. The 30 most exposed advertisements across age groups were then content-analysed for elements appealing to children and underage youth.
Results   In each of the five metropolitan markets, mature adults were most exposed to alcohol advertising. Children were exposed to one-third the level of mature adults and underage teens to approximately the same level as young adults. However, there was considerable variation in media weight between markets, such that underage teens in two markets had higher advertising TARPs than young adults in other markets.
All 30 highest exposed advertisements contained at least one element known to appeal to children and underage youth, with 23 containing two or more such elements. Fifteen of the 30 advertisements featured an animal.
Conclusions   The self-regulation system in Australia does not protect children and youth from exposure to alcohol advertising, much of which contains elements appealing to these groups.     

关于构建河北省医药诚信体系的思考与建议

目的研究医药行业诚信建设存在的问题及发展对策。方法通过对当前医药诚信缺失问题的研究,总结分析河北省的实践经验,提出了完善医药行业诚信体系建设的若干建议。结果与结论建立长效的医药诚信体系,科学有效地实施监管,提高监管能力和效率。     

上海浦东新区静脉产业类生态工业园区规划设想

分析了上海浦东新区固体废物处置现状及存在问题、面临的机遇,提出利用有限土地资源,将生活垃圾和其它特殊固体废物集中在园区内进行无害化处理和资源化利用,构建静脉产业链,建设符合《静脉产业类生态工业园区标准》的生态工业园区.     

Psychosocial factors at work and perceived health among agricultural meat industry workers in France

Objective  The objective of this study was to describe the perceived health status of the meat industry employees—i.e., working in the slaughtering, cutting, and boning of large animals and poultry—and its relation to their organisational and psychosocial constraints at work. Methods  This postal survey included all 3,000 employees of the meat industry (beef, pork and poultry) in four districts in Brittany, France, whose companies were affiliated with the agricultural branch of the national health insurance fund. The questionnaire asked for social and demographic data and information describing their job and the organisation of their work. The psychosocial factors at work were described according to Karasek’s questionnaire (demand, latitude and social support at work). Perceived health was measured with the Nottingham Health Profile perceived health indicator. Results  This study shows the high prevalence of poor health reported by the workers in this industry. This poor perceived health was worse in women and increased regularly with age. Among the psychosocial factors studied, high quantitative and qualitative demand at work, inadequate resources for good work and to a lesser extent, inadequate prospects for promotion appear especially associated with poor perceived health. Other factors often associated with poor perceived health included young age at the first job and work hours that disrupt sleep rhythms (especially for women). Conclusion  Our results show that this population of workers is especially vulnerable from the point of view of perceived physical and psychological health and is exposed to strong physical, organisational and psychosocial constraints at work. They also demonstrate that poor perceived health is associated with some psychosocial (such as high psychological demand and insufficient resources) and organisational factors at work. These results, in conjunction with those from other disciplines involved in studying this industry, may help the companies to develop preventive activities.