我国中医药信息化基础标准发展现状研究

中医药基础标准是中医药标准体系的发展基础和重要一环,也是中医药信息化建设的基础工作,具有普遍的指导意义。通过文献调研的方法,梳理我国中医药基础标准的主要内容,介绍部分中医药基础标准,指出现状与存在的问题并提出相应的建议。     

ACCCN Workforce Standards for Intensive Care Nursing: Systematic and evidence review,development, and appraisal

Background

The intensive care nursing workforce plays an essential role in the achievement of positive healthcare outcomes. A growing body of evidence indicates that inadequate nurse staffing and poor skill mix are associated with negative outcomes for patients, and potentially compromises nurses’ ability to maintain the safety of those in their care. In Australia, the Australian College of Critical Care Nurses (ACCCN) has previously published a position statement on intensive care staffing. There was a need for a stronger more evidence based document to support the intensive nursing workforce.

Longitudinal Recovery and Reduced Costs After 120 Sessions of Locomotor Training for Motor Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

Objective

To determine the impact of long-term, body weight–supported locomotor training after chronic, incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), and to estimate the health care costs related to lost recovery potential and preventable secondary complications that may have occurred because of visit limits imposed by insurers.

Key Characteristics of Rehabilitation Quality Improvement Publications: Scoping Review From 2010 to 2016

Objective

To characterize the peer-reviewed quality improvement (QI) literature in rehabilitation.

Beyond Food Promotion: A Systematic Review on the Influence of the Food Industry on Obesity-Related Dietary Behaviour among Children

An increased consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor food and beverages as a result of a changing obesogenic environment contributes substantially to the increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity. This paper reviews the nature and extent of food industry influences which expose children to commercial influences and thus might affect unhealthy dietary behaviour and finally contributes to obesity. A systematic search of nine electronic databases (including PubMed, PsycINFO, EconLit) and reference lists of original studies and reviews using key search terms identified 1900 articles. Of these only thirty-six articles met the inclusion and quality criteria. A narrative synthesis of the reviewed studies revealed six key obesogenic environments by which the food industry possibly influences obesity-related dietary behaviours in young children. These were schools, retailers, mass media “television”, mass media “internet”, home and promotional campaigns. Identifying these obesogenic environments is critical for monitoring and controlling the food industry, the development of effective environmental-level interventions to prevent childhood overweight and obesity and to identify knowledge gaps to be addressed in future research to support informed decisions of policy makers.     

Toxic trace elements at gastrointestinal level

Many trace elements are considered essential [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)], whereas others may be harmful [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As)], depending on their concentration and chemical form. In most cases, the diet is the main pathway by which they enter our organism. The presence of toxic trace elements in food has been known for a long time, and many of the food matrices that carry them have been identified. This has led to the appearance of legislation and recommendations concerning consumption. Given that the main route of exposure is oral, passage through the gastrointestinal tract plays a fundamental role in their entry into the organism, where they exert their toxic effect. Although the digestive system can be considered to be of crucial importance in their toxicity, in most cases we do not know the events that occur during the passage of these elements through the gastrointestinal tract and of ascertaining whether they may have some kind of toxic effect on it. The aim of this review is to summarize available information on this subject, concentrating on the toxic trace elements that are of greatest interest for organizations concerned with food safety and health: Pb, Cd, Hg and As.     

宝鸡市电焊工体质状况的调查分析

目的 了解宝鸡市电焊工的体质现状.方法 选择装备制造企业20～60岁的1 025名电焊工进行体质测试,采用文献资料法、数理统计法等方法进行分析.结果 男电焊工肺活量平均值为(3 457.78±538.67)ml.女子平均值为(2 820.56±546.86) ml,高于陕西省平均水平(P＜0.01).台阶指数男女分别为55.55和57.88,与陕西省调查结果相当.男女电焊工的左右手握力差别均较大(P＜0.01),与电焊工焊接时右手使用频繁有关.电焊工的闭眼单腿站立时间的短于全国城市体力组平均水平(P＜0.01),平衡能力和肌肉控制能力有所下降.结论 该市电焊工的总体体质水平偏低.     

Healthcare technology co-operatives: Innovative about innovation

Abstract

The paper provides an introduction to the National Institute for Health Research Devices for Dignity Healthcare Technology Co-operative. Embedded within the NHS, Devices for Dignity identifies areas of unmet clinical need and translates these into research and development projects to develop new medical technologies. It addresses the needs of people living with long-term conditions, helping them to live more dignified and independent lives. Through partnerships with patients, universities, the NHS and industry, Devices for Dignity has developed an innovation methodology for successful medical technology innovation.     

建筑行业青年农民工社会支持对主观幸福感的影响

目的 了解建筑行业青年农民工主观幸福感现状,分析其社会支持与主观幸福感的关系,探讨社会支持对主观幸福感的影响,为增强青年农民工主观幸福感提供可行依据.方法 采用社会支持评定量表、总体幸福感量表对150名建筑工地青年农民工进行调查,并对调查结果进行统计分析.结果 ①青年农民工的社会支持在婚姻状况、健康状况上存在显著差异（t=6.727,-5.535;P ＜0.001）,主观幸福感在健康状况上存在显著差异（t=-8.284,P＜0.001）;②青年农民工社会支持、主观幸福感呈显著正相关（r =0.771,P＜0.01）;③社会支持是预测主观幸福感的主要因素.结论 健康的已婚建筑行业青年农民工社会支持状况良好,其社会支持水平对主观幸福感具有显著影响,提高建筑行业青年农民工的社会支持水平有助于增强其主观幸福感.