对接大健康产业发展的康复治疗学人才培养体系的构建

在大健康产业发展背景下,康复服务产业发展模式和服务理念逐步转变。康复人力资源是康复服务产业发展的基石,文章基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(international classification of functioning,disability and health,ICF)康复科学理论体系,切合康复服务产业化和专业化需求,重构康复治疗学专业人才培养的课程体系,强化实践教学,探讨构建康复治疗学专业人才培养新模式。     

中外医学教育与医师考试制度衔接的模式及启示

选取中外数10个医学教育发达国家、地区,综述了其国家执业医师资格考试制度与本科医学教育衔接的三种模式,剖析了以美、英为代表的两种衔接模式的共同特点:政府卫生主管部门和行业协会深度介入本科医学教育全程,本科教育的人才培养目标与行业的人才标准相适应,人才培养模式以职业能力为导向,注重来自行业的质量评价。     

热敏灸小镇建设助力江西热敏灸产业发展的对策研究

近年来,江西资溪、丰城等地的实践探索表明,热敏灸小镇建设对于助推江西热敏灸产业发展具有十分重要的作用。然而,当前江西热敏灸小镇建设在标准、人才、组织、产品、服务等方面还存在诸多问题。为此,有必要在借鉴省外成功经验的基础上,从找准定位、培养人才、规范管理、健全标准、强化保障等五个方面进一步加强热敏灸小镇建设,助力江西热敏灸产业发展。     

产学研合作模式下长三角生物医药产业一体化协同创新发展研究——基于专利合作及基金项目合作

长三角一体化上升并发展为国家战略后，国内鲜有探讨长三角地区生物医药产业一体化协同发展的研究，长三角作为我国生物医药产业的重要地区，已初步形成产业集群的发展模式。本研究基于专利及基金项目合作的产学研模式，利用社会网络分析方法（SNA）对长三角地区生物医药产业中专利和国家自然科学基金重大项目合作进行分析研究。研究表明，长三角地区生物医药领域的产学研合作还处于发展阶段，一体化程度也有待提高；高校及科研院所更倾向于与企业合作开展发明专利，与高校合作开展基金项目研究。长三角地区三省一市间的生物医药产业发展也存在一定差距，建议长三角地区采取产学研深度融合模式，相关龙头科研机构建立开放式创新平台，医药类高校借助学科优势培养创新型人才，采取“揭榜挂帅”等方式进行关键核心技术攻关。     

中医养生文化产业发展的瓶颈及对策研究

中医养生热的兴起催生了潜力巨大的中医养生文化产业链的形成与发展。目前中医养生文化产业看上去风光火热,但冷静观察仍存在不少问题和制约因素。其中,“中医养生文化宣讲人的专业关”、“中医养生文化内容的优劣关”、“中医养生产品的质量关”、“中医养生文化及产品的广告关”以及“中医文化养生产业行业标准的制定关”等是制约中医养生文化产业发展的主要瓶颈。本文探讨中医养生文化产业发展的基本对策和设想,旨在为未来中医养生文化产业的发展激发新思路。     

Transparency and credibility of industry-sponsored clinical trial publications: a survey of journal editors

Objective: To examine how medical journal editors perceive changes in transparency and credibility of industry-sponsored clinical trial publications over a 5 year period (2010 to 2015).

Methods: From July to September 2015, a survey link was emailed to journal editors identified from the Thomson Reuters registry. Editors ranked their perception of: a) change in transparency and credibility of industry-sponsored clinical trial publications; b) 8 “Publication Best Practices” and the impact of each on transparency; and c) the importance and adoption of the previously published “10 Recommendations for Closing the Credibility Gap in Reporting Industry-Sponsored Clinical Research”.

Results: Of 510 editors who opened the survey, the analysis pool comprised a total of 293 editors. The majority of respondents reported their location as the US (46%) or EU (45%) and most commonly reported editorial titles were deputy/assistant editor (36%), editor-in-chief (35%) and section editor (24%). More editors reported improved versus worsened transparency (63.5% vs. 6.1%) and credibility (53.2% vs. 10.4%). Best practices that contributed most to improved transparency were “disclosure of the study sponsor” and “registration and posting of trial results”. Respondents ranked the importance of nine recommendations as moderate or extremely important, and adoption of all recommendations was ranked minimal to moderate.

Conclusions: The 293 editors who responded perceived an improvement in the transparency and credibility of industry-sponsored publications from 2010 to 2015. Confirmation of the importance of 9/10 recommendations by the respondents was encouraging. Yet, low adoption rates suggest that additional work is required by all stakeholders to improve best practices, transparency and credibility.     

Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Biological Rhythms Interview of assessment in neuropsychiatry-self report for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder

ObjectiveThe Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) might be applicable for assessing delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD). We aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the BRIAN self-report (J-BRIAN-SR) in DSWPD patients and determine a cutoff score to identify the presence of the disorder.MethodsWe enrolled 60 newly diagnosed DSWPD outpatients and 64 age-matched healthy controls. We used Cronbach's alpha for internal reliability to evaluate J-BRIAN-SR. We confirmed the reliability of the A test and re-test using Pearson's correlation coefficient in the controls. We used confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the factor structure of J-BRIAN-SR and referenced the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to check concurrent validity. We analyzed the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to determine the J-BRIAN-SR cutoff point for the presence of DSWPD.ResultsThe 18-component scores of the J-BRIAN-SR had an overall reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.82. We confirmed a high test-retest reliability using an intraclass correlation coefficient (r = 0.84). The correlation between J-BRIAN-SR and MEQ was 0.38 (p = 0.003). The J-BRIAN-SR that we extracted by exploratory factor analysis consisted of three factors. A score of 40 points provided a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 75.6% for the positivity of DSWPD.ConclusionsThe results of the present study revealed that J-BRIAN-SR is a valid and reliable instrument for screening and evaluating the severity of DSWPD. Our findings will be useful to physicians and patients in Japan and those in clinical settings.     

基于 DEA Malmquist 指数的我国高技术产业创新效率分析

文章选取2006-2012年我国24个省、自治区和直辖市的高技术产业作为决策单元,将技术创新划分为技术创新开发和转化两个阶段,分别对其投入和产出效率进行研究。研究结论如下：从技术创新的两个阶段比较而言,我国高技术产业的技术创新转化阶段的效率值优于技术开发阶段;从地域分布来看,东部地区的技术开发和转化效率总体高于中部和西部地区;从时间序列数据来看,我国高技术产业技术创新两个阶段的Malmquist全要素生产率指数变化均经历了先降后升的过程;从整体发展的视角看,我国目前多数省份的高技术产业创新效率较前些年有较大幅度的提升,但仍有较大的改进空间。     

ACCCN Workforce Standards for Intensive Care Nursing: Systematic and evidence review,development, and appraisal

Background

The intensive care nursing workforce plays an essential role in the achievement of positive healthcare outcomes. A growing body of evidence indicates that inadequate nurse staffing and poor skill mix are associated with negative outcomes for patients, and potentially compromises nurses’ ability to maintain the safety of those in their care. In Australia, the Australian College of Critical Care Nurses (ACCCN) has previously published a position statement on intensive care staffing. There was a need for a stronger more evidence based document to support the intensive nursing workforce.

Longitudinal Recovery and Reduced Costs After 120 Sessions of Locomotor Training for Motor Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

Objective

To determine the impact of long-term, body weight–supported locomotor training after chronic, incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI), and to estimate the health care costs related to lost recovery potential and preventable secondary complications that may have occurred because of visit limits imposed by insurers.