脂膜微泡结合凝血酶原复合物的制备

目的:制备结合凝血酶原复合物(PCC)的阴离子脂膜微泡,评价微泡的理化性质。材料和方法:采用机械振荡直接连接法,分两组(于机械振荡之前或之后加入),制备结合PCC的阴离子脂膜微泡,观察并检测洗涤前后微泡的理化性质。结果:微泡与PCC的结合率及Ⅸ因子活性:两组间比较无明显差异(P>0.05),但洗涤后结合率由洗涤前的95%降为80%,活性由90%降为19%。结论:直接连接法可制备结合PCC的阴离子脂膜微泡,微泡与PCC结合率较高,且洗涤前能保持Ⅸ因子较高的活性。     

Mechanism of uptake and retention of F-18 BMS-747 158-02 in cardiomyocytes: a novel PET myocardial imaging agent

Background BMS-747158-02 is a novel fluorine 18-labeled pyridazinone derivative designed for cardiac imaging. The uptake and retention mechanisms of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiac myocytes were studied in vitro, and the biodistribution of F-18 BMS-747158-02 was studied in vivo in mice. Methods and Results Fluorine 19 BMS-747158-01 inhibited mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) in bovine heart submitochondrial particles with an IC₅₀ of 16.6±3 nmol/L that was comparable to the reference inhibitors of MC-1, rotenone, pyridaben, and deguelin (IC₅₀ of 18.2±6.7 nmol/L, 19.8±2.6 nmol/L, and 23.1±1.5 nmol/L, respectively). F-18 BMS-747158-02 had high uptake in monolayers of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (10.3%±0.7% of incubated drug at 60 minutes) that was inhibited by 200 nmol/L of rotenone (91%±2%) and deguelin (89%±3%). In contrast, an inactive pyridaben analog, P-0 (IC₅₀ value>4 μmol/L in MC-1 assay), did not inhibit the binding of F-18 BMS-747158-02 in cardiomyocytes. Uptake and washout kinetics for F-18 BMS-747158-02 in rat cardiomyocytes indicated that the time to half-maximal (t_1/2) uptake was very rapid (approximately 35 seconds), and washout t_1/2 for efflux of F-18 BMS-747158-02 was greater than 120 minutes. In vivo biodistribution studies in mice showed that F-18 BMS-747158-02 had substatial myocardial uptake (9.5%±0.5% of injected dose per gram) at 60 minutes and heart-to-lung and heart-to-liver ratios of 14.1±2.5 and 8.3±0.5, respectively. Positron emission tomography imaging in the mouse allowed clear cardiac visualization and demonstrated sustained myocardial uptake through 55 minutes. Conclusions F-18 BMS-747158-02 is a novel positron emission tomography cardiac tracer targeting MC-I in cardiomyocytes with rapid uptake and slow washout. These characteristics allow fast and sustained accumulation in the heart.     

The nocturnal jejunal migrating motor complex: defining normal ranges by study of 51 healthy adult volunteers and meta-analysis

Interdigestive human small bowel motility is characterized by the migrating motor complex (MMC). The aims of this study were to: (i) establish the normal range of variables of the nocturnal jejunal MMC and (ii) incorporate these data in a subsequent meta-analysis. Eighty-one recordings were performed by prolonged (24 h) ambulatory manometry in 51 subjects in two centres. Quantitative analysis was undertaken of 419 Phase III and 332 Phase II episodes. Adjusted mean values of seven variables were calculated using a mixed-effects model. Meta-analysis of pooled published data to generate a reliable 95% reference range was also performed. Adjusted mean values and confidence intervals are presented for all seven variables. Intrasubject variances were large in comparison with intersubject. Meta-analysis of 19 studies (356 pooled patients) meeting inclusion criteria produced wide reference ranges. At least five such ranges are useful for the detection of abnormality in the individual. This is the largest study of normal volunteers presented to date, with ranges for many variables produced using appropriate statistical methodology. A model for definition of abnormality has been proposed. We recommend that these data may be used by investigators in this field as a complement to other existing indicators of small bowel dysmotility.     

保留后方韧带复合体在胸腰椎骨折治疗中的意义

[目的]探讨保留后方韧带复合体在胸腰椎骨折治疗中的意义。[方法]1998～2002年单一节段胸腰椎爆裂骨折治疗中保留后方韧带复合体44例，同期行胸腰椎爆裂骨折治疗切除后方韧带复合体者35例。两种方法分别有15例（定义为A组）和12例（定义为B组）行2次手术取出内固定物，比较AB两组间2次手术前后腰椎功能JOA评分。[结果]2次手术前腰椎功能JOA评分：A组平均24．5分（19～29分）；B组平均22．8分（19～29分），二者无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。2次手术后JOA评分：A组平均24．8分（20～29分），B组平均17．5分（13～26分）。二组有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。[结论]胸腰椎骨折治疗中保留后方韧带复合体，利于术后腰椎功能恢复。     

结节性硬化症的磁共振影像学表现

目的　分析结节性硬化症TSC的MRI表现。方法　 13例经临床证实的TSC病例 ,分析其头部MRI特征性改变。结果　MRI主要征象包括 :①室管膜下结节 :13例均发现病灶 ,T1WI发现 71个 ,T2 WI 39个 ,PDWI 5 6个 ;②皮层及皮层下结节 :11例有阳性发现 ,T2 WI和PDWI各发现 114个病灶 ,T1WI 72个 ;③脑白质异常信号 :5例发现白质病变 ,T2 WI和PDWI各发现 10个病灶 ,T1WI无明确显示 ;④室管膜下巨细胞星形细胞瘤 :仅 1例发现。结论　MRI对TSC的中枢神经系统改变敏感 ,是诊断此病的首选影像学检查方法 ,其中T1WI观察室管膜下结节敏感 ,T2 WI和PDWI观察皮层下及白质病变敏感     

癫痫患者的红细胞免疫粘附功能的初步研究

本文用Ｃ（３ｂ）受体花环试验及ＩＣ花环试验分别测定了５０例正常人及５０例癫痫患者的红细胞Ｃ（３ｂ）受体花环率及ＩＣ花环率。结果提示癫痫患者Ｃ（３ｂ）受体花环率（８．４６±３．９８％）明显低于正常对照组（１３．９２±４．３２％）（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＩＣ花环率（５．２２±２．５９％）稍低于正常对照组（５．９０±１．６７％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明癫痫患者的红细胞免疫粘附功能是低下的。文章还对影响正常人及癫痫患者红细胞免疫粘附功能的因素进行了讨论。     

应用气相色谱法鉴别海南省大劣按蚊

大劣按蚊是海南省疟疾的主要传播媒介。本文应用气相色谱法,分析海南省不同地区、不同季节大劣按蚊的皮质烃类。经统计学分析,它们的成分无显著性差异。应用聚类分析法,它们的距离系数很接近。提示海南省的大劣按蚊很可能是同一种。     

Immunoelectron microscopic studies on centromere-kinetochore complexes detached from chromosomes

The centromere-kinetochore complexes of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were detached and separated from the condensed chromatin by treatment with hydroxyurea and caffeine. By labelling the complex for immunoelectron microscopy (immuno-EM) with a mixture of antibodies against centromere proteins (anti-CENP-A,-B, -C) in some cells, we could demonstrate complete detachment of the complexes. No remnants were left at the bulk of condensed chromatin in these cells. In some mitotic cells complex and chromatin were found side by side. It could be shown that the fine structure of the separated material of the complex differs significantly from that of the rest of chromatin. The complex consists of proteins and DNA. This leads us to suppose that the organization of chromatin in the centromere-kinetochore complex is different.     

Enkephalin mRNA production by cochlear and vestibular efferent neurons in the gerbil brainstem

Summary Preproenkephalin mRNA production by efferent neurons projecting to the gerbil inner ear was assessed using combined in situ hybridization and retrograde labeling with florescent tracers. Virtually all vestibular efferent neurons were positive for preproenkephalin mRNA. Of the cochlear efferents, one-half of the medial olivocochlear neurons were positive for enkephalin. All lateral olivocochlear neurons were negative for enkephalin. The results suggest that there are two, biochemically distinct subpopulations of medial olivocochlear efferents in the gerbil. Offprint requests to: Division of Otolaryngology, ENT, V-112C