Utility of a standardized sign-out card for new medical interns

Conscientious sign-out between medical interns is important for the continuity of care of hospitalized patients. We developed a standardized sign-out card that prompted the intern going off duty to transmit patient care information to the intern on call. The card was tested in a prospective, randomized, controlled trial in which one group of interns used the card, and another group did not. Any instance of poor sign-out was reported on a questionnaire completed by the intern who had been on call the previous night. The group using the sign-out cards reported poor sign-out on 8 nights (5.8% of questionnaires), and the control group reported it on 17 nights (14.9% of questionnaires, p=.016). The card was time-effective and inexpensive, resulted in more complete data recording, and possibly decreased the morbidity associated with poor sign-out. Presented at the Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine annual meeting, Atlanta, Ga., March 22, 1995.     

护理学研究生教育的科学管理

介绍我国护理学学位授予情况和第二军医大学护理学研究生教育管理经验,并提出护理学研究生培养过程需解决的问题,为护理教育者及教育管理者提供参考。     

上海市普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节流行状况调查及影响因素分析

目的:调查上海市普陀区在职教师体检人群中甲状腺结节检出状况,并分析导致结节产生的可能影响因素。方法:采用横断面研究方法,选取2018年1～12月在体检站进行体检的普陀区在职教师1 755人次进行甲状腺超声和血生化检查,同时收集其工作岗位、精神压力、睡眠情况等信息。结果:普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节患病率为68.60%(1 204/1 755),结节大小在2 mm×1mm～43 mm×38 mm,多发854例(占70.93%)明显多于单发350例(占29.07%),其中双叶结节、实性结节较为多见。女性患病率为79.14%(751/949),明显高于男性患病率56.20%(453/806)(χ2=106.415,P0.001)。甲状腺结节患病率随年龄的增长而升高,≥51岁人群患病率最高,为77.78%(χ2=145.620,P0.001),不同性别患病率均随年龄增长而升高(P0.001),所有年龄段中女性患病率均高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同岗位间患病率相比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:性别(OR=2.836,95%CI:2.149～3.743)、年龄(OR=1.736,95%CI:1.500～2.008)、岗位(OR=1.945,95%CI:1.722～2.196)、血糖(OR=3.369,95%CI:1.822～6.229)、精神压力(OR=9.884,95%CI:6.289～15.532)、血脂(OR=9.121,95%CI:4.897～16.988)、睡眠情况(OR=9.513,95%CI:6.322～14.313)是甲状腺结节患病的危险因素。结论:上海市普陀区在职教师甲状腺结节患病率较高,女性患病率高于男性,性别、年龄、岗位、血糖、精神压力、血脂、睡眠情况等是甲状腺结节患病的危险因素。倡导教师在工作中合理安排工作,树立健康管理观念,提高健康管理水平。     

Injuries to emergency medicine residents on ems rotations

Objectives. To study the incidence and nature of injuries sustained by emergency medicine (EM) residents during EMS rotations, and steps taken at EM residency programs to increase resident safety during field activities. Methods. An eight-question survey form was mailed to all 114 U.S. EM residency directors, with a second mailing to nonresponders eight weeks after the initial mailing. Results. A total of 105 surveys were returned (92%). Six surveys were from new programs whose residents have not yet rotated on EMS. These were excluded from further analysis, leaving 99 programs. Of these, 91 (92%) reported no injuries. One EM resident died in a helicopter crash in 1985. Seven other injury events were reported: 1) facial lacerations, rib fractures, and a shoulder injury in an ambulance accident; 2) an open finger fracture (crushed by a backboard); 3) contusions and a concussion when an ambulance was struck by a fire engine; 4) a groin pull sustained while entering a helicopter; 5) bilateral metatarsal fractures in a fall; 6) rib fractures, a pneumothorax, and a concussion in an ambulance accident; and 7) “minor injuries” sustained in a crash while responding to a scene in a program-owned response vehicle. Actions taken at residency programs to reduce the risk of injury include the use of ballistic vests (four programs), requiring helmets on flights (five programs), and changing flight experience from mandatory to optional (two programs). Ten programs (10%) reported using ground scene safety lectures, and nine programs (15% of those offering flights) reported various types of flight safety instruction. Sixty-nine programs (70%) reported no formal field safety training or other active steps to increase resident safety on EMS rotations. Conclusions. Injuries sustained by EM residents during EMS rotations are uncommon but nontrivial, with several serious injuries and one fatality reported. The majority of EM residency programs have no formal safety training programs for EMS rotations.     

研究生医学实验动物学教学的实践与思考

医学实验动物学是一门新兴的学科，该课程注重理论与实践相结合，从而将教学延伸到研究生动物实验论文指导，并把课程教学工作与实验动物从业人员资格认可相衔接，丰富了实验动物从业人员资格认可的内容。     

关于举办医学专业研究生课程进修班的若干思考

通过多年从事同等学力人员申请硕士学位研究生培养的工作与实践,不断探索中国当代形势下的研究生课程进修班的管理及机制,并根据研究生课程进修班的特点探讨管理过程中出现的一系列问题,并针对相应的问题提出一些思考和建议。     

医科大学五年级学生心理状况的初步研究

采用精神症状自评量表（ＳＣＬ－９０）对医科大学１７３名五年级学生进行调查,结果表明医科大学毕业生在躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执等因子分高于全国常模青年组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,男性强迫、人际敏感二项分高于女性（Ｐ〈０．０５）,应根据医科大学毕业生心理状况的特点进行心理辅导工作。     

在职护理硕士设置专业学位研究生教育的调查

目的：调查护理在职研究生培养类型增设＂专业学位＂的必要性、可行性,并提出培养策略。方法：问卷调查450名在职护理人员。结果：＂专业学位＂是在职护理硕士的最佳培养方式;报考＂专业学位＂硕士研究生要有临床实践经历;＂工作紧张,学习时间少＂是在职人员报考＂专业学位＂的主要困难。结论：开展在职护理硕士专业学位研究生教育,可以有效提高临床护理人员的整体水平,完善护理教育体系,促进护理学科的发展。     

对研究生课程教学存在问题的思考与对策

通过对研究生课程教学存在问题分析,以及研究生课程的功能和分析研究生教学过程中各种 关系入手,提出了研究生课程教学改革的必要性和操作思路,并探索进一步改革的方向.