A Study of Sexual Relationship Power among Young Women Who Inject Drugs and Their Sexual Partners

Background: To date, research applying the Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS) has been limited to sexual risk behaviors. Objective: We measured levels of sexual relationship power and examined associations between sexual relationship power and injecting and sexual behaviors that place women at increased risk for blood borne infections. Methods: Using data from a cross-sectional study of young women who inject drugs (WWID) in San Francisco, USA, logistic regression analysis identified independent associations between SRPS and subscale scores (relationship control [RC] and decision making dominance [DMD]) and injecting and sexual behaviors. Results: Of the 68 young WWID, 24 (34%) reported receptive syringe sharing, 38 (56%) reused/shared a cooker to prepare drugs, and 25 (37%) injected someone else's drug residue during the three-months prior to enrollment. Most (60, 88%) reported condomless sex with main sex-partner, 8 (12%) reported transactional sex, and 36 (53%) had two or more recent sex partners. The median SRPS score was 2.98 (IQR: 2.65, 3.18), 3.23 (IQR: 3.23, 3.57) for RC and 2.40 (IQR: 2.20, 2.60) for DMD. No significant associations were detected between SRPS or DMD and injecting or sexual risk behaviors. After adjusting for gender and years injecting, for every one-point increase in RC, women had a 6.70 lower odds of recent condomless sex (95%CI: 0.92, 50.00, p = 0.06), and a 3.90 lower odds of recent transactional sex (95%CI: 1.22, 12.50, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Our study findings suggest that some components of sexual relationship power may play a role in sexual risk, but not in injecting risk.     

临床治疗中100例喹诺酮类药物不良反应情况的研究

目的观察患者在临床治疗中应用喹诺酮类药物的不良反应情况。方法选取本院2017年1月~2018年1月期间临床治疗中使用喹诺酮药物后出现不良反应的100例患者为观察对象,整理和统计所选患者不良反应的具体情况。结果 1 d内发生不良反应41例,2~3 d发生32例,4~7 d发生22例,8~15 d发生5例;左氧氟沙星与加替沙星导致的不良反应占比分别为26.0%、22.0%,高于其他喹诺酮类药物不良反应情况,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);静脉注射下发生的不良反应情况最高,其次为口服和肌肉注射;不良反应的表现涉及到全身性的损害、精神系统的损害、胃肠道损害等。结论在对患者进行临床治疗中,使用喹诺酮类药物可导致较高的不良反应率,在应用时需慎重用药、合理用药。     

Delinquency and drug use among adolescents and emerging adults: The role of aggression,impulsivity, empathy,and cognitive distortions

Risk behaviors are well known to be higher in adolescents and emerging adults. Drug use and delinquency present several common predictive factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the contribution of individual factors (aggression, impulsivity, empathy, and cognitive distortions) to delinquent behaviors, alcohol use and cannabis consumption among adolescents and emerging adults. Participants were between 15 and 25 years of age (M = 18.64 years, SD = 2.61); 325 were adolescents (15–18 years of age, M = 16.56, SD = 1.11, 56.31% of women) and 283 were emerging adults (19–25 years, M = 21.03, SD = 1.62, 50.88% of women). They completed self-report validated questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses showed that all individual factors significantly predicted delinquency. Impulsivity and empathy significantly predicted alcohol use. Concerning cannabis use, impulsivity is the only significantly associated predictor. Moderation analysis showed that specific associations were stronger in adolescents, whereas others were stronger in emerging adults. All these variables explained 69% of the variance of delinquency, 31% of the variance of alcohol use, and 18% of the variance of cannabis use. This model demonstrated acceptable goodness-of-fit criteria. These results may have implications for prevention and intervention.     

中药组方贴敷联合非甾体抗炎药治疗亚急性甲状腺炎临床对照研究

目的对照研究中药外用贴敷联合非甾体抗炎药治疗亚急性甲状腺炎临床疗效。方法选取2015年2月～2017年7月我院就诊的162例亚急性甲状腺炎患者,将其随机分为治疗组和对照组,其中治疗组90例采用中西医结合疗法,对照组72例采用西药治疗,观察比较两组患者症状改变,检测血沉、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸、游离甲状腺素、促甲状腺激素水平。结果治疗组和对照组总有效率为92.2%、87.5%,痊愈率分别达到74.4%、47.2%,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组甲减发生率、亚甲炎复发率分别为7.8%、15.3%、3.0%、8.8%,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论治疗组方案发扬中药全面调理和西药快速解除症状的双重作用。中药干预可促进甲状腺功能恢复,减轻亚甲炎炎性反应,尤其在降低复发率及甲减发生率方面有积极意义。     

精神专科医院2015-2017年门诊第二类精神药品利用分析与评价

目的 对精神科2015～2017年门诊第二类精神药品利用情况进行调查分析与评价,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 对2015～2017年本院第二类精神药品销售量、销售金额、用药频度（DDDs）及日均费用（DDC）等进行分析。结果 我院第二类精神药品的销售量、用药频度逐年递增,其中苯二氮卓类占主导地位。销售量前五位分别是氯硝西泮、劳拉西泮、艾司唑仑、阿普唑仑和右佐匹克隆,而奥沙西泮递增趋势明显,唑吡坦销售量逐年下降。DDDs较高前三位分别是氯硝西泮、阿普唑仑和劳拉西泮,奥沙西泮在2017年度DDDs上升明显,其余品种基本保持平稳状态。销售金额排序前三位分别是右佐匹克隆、劳拉西泮和氯硝西泮。DDC排序前三位分别是奥沙西泮、右佐匹克隆和唑吡坦,此三个品种的DDC均超过10元,DDC最低的两个品种为艾司唑仑和阿普唑仑,其DDC值均低于1元。 结论第二类精神药品在我院门诊使用基本合理,符合相关使用指导原则。个别品种使用率较高,存在一定程度的滥用,要加强管理,减少和避免产生依赖。     

抗结核病药物治疗老年肺结核患者的不良反应影响因素分析

目的探讨抗结核病药物治疗老年肺结核患者的不良反应影响因素。方法选取我院2018年1～6月接受抗结核病药物治疗的150例老年肺结核患者,根据患者的治疗情况将患者分为正常组和不良反应组,并分析两组患者在年龄、是否肥胖、病史等单因素和多因素方面的差异,探讨引起患者不良反应的影响因素。结果不良反应组患者高龄、肝病史、饮酒史的比例较高,高龄、肝病史、饮酒史是老年肺结核患者出现不良反应的重要因素。结论在对老年肺结核患者进行治疗时,要了解患者是否具有高龄、肝病史、饮酒史等特征,对具有这些特征的患者采取不同于抗结核病药物治疗的方式,以降低不良事件发生率。