Radiographic evaluation of marginal bone maintenance around tissue level implant and bone level implant: a randomised controlled trial. A 1‐year follow‐up

The etiologic factors associated with crestal bone loss have not been comprehensively clarified. Several theories exist as to the reason for the observed changes in crestal bone height following implant restoration. In the 1990s, the wide‐diameter implants were commercially introduced. Initially, the implants were restored with standard‐diameter abutments because of lack of matching prosthetic components. Long‐term radiographic follow‐up of these ‘platform‐switched’ restored wide‐diameter dental implants has demonstrated a smaller‐than‐expected vertical change in the crestal bone height around these implants that is typically observed around implants restored conventionally with prosthetic components of matching diameters. The aim of this randomised controlled study was to assess radiographically marginal bone level alterations in implants restored according to the platform‐switching concept compared with traditionally restored implants. Fifty‐four subjects to participate in this randomised controlled study were selected. Two groups were assigned at random: control group (56 implants were restored with standard matching‐diameter abutments) and test group (58 implants were restored with medialised abutments). X‐ray explorations were taken for peri‐implant bone level at the minute the last cementing of the prosthesis and at 1‐year follow‐up. NHI Image was used to digitally process and manipulate the radiographic images and perform the measurements. Mean of bone loss with platform‐switching implants was ?0·01 mm, and the mean of bone loss with standard platform implant was 0·42 mm. Outcomes of this study indicated that the platform‐switching design could preserve the crestal bone levels to 1‐year follow‐up. There was a statistically significant difference in marginal bone loss.     

Convertible implants: Simplifying the revision from anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Modern shoulder arthroplasty techniques include hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). Out of all arthroplasty procedures, total shoulder arthroplasty produces more satisfactory outcomes for osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthropathy (Sanchez-Sotelo, 2011 [1]). As shoulder arthroplasty procedures continue to increase in popularity, so do revision surgeries (revision TSAs and revision RSAs). Implants used in shoulder arthroplasty procedures have been transformed substantially from generation to generation, going from 1st to 4th generation implants. We propose 5th generation convertible implants that enable a more patient-specific, anatomic reconstruction with the potential to solve major issues that exist with implants from previous years.     

The effect of acellular dermal matrix on drain secretions after immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction

Abstract

In recent years the acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has gained popularity in prosthetic breast reconstruction. These procedures involve placement of a closed suction drain in the reconstructed breast. Although it is now widely accepted that ADM has an overall positive effect on the outcome of breast reconstruction, data regarding its effect on postoperative drain secretions is lacking. This study was designed to quantitatively evaluate the influence of ADM on postoperative drain secretions in the setting of immediate prosthetic breast reconstruction (IPBR). This is a prospective, comparative controlled study. Two groups of 16 patients each underwent skin sparing mastectomies (SSM) and IPBR with or without ADM. Closed suction drains were left in all the reconstructed breasts and daily secretion volumes were recorded and compared. Postoperative complications were also noted. Patients in the ADM group showed higher daily and overall secretion volumes compared with patients in the control group (p = 0.014) and the time for removal of the drains was higher by an average of 5 days (13 compared with 8 days, respectively; p = 0.004). There was no correlation between ADM and infection. This study provides the first objective evidence that ADM contributes to elevated and prolonged drain secretions when used for IPBR. This might affect possible prosthesis-related complications (e.g., rotation and malposition, capsular contraction, seroma formation, and infection). This study also noted erythema of the post-mastectomy skin flaps in selected patients, which may be attributable to a local inflammatory reaction to the ADM rather than infection.     

人工硬膜治疗脊柱后路手术中脑脊液漏

目的 探讨人工硬膜覆盖硬膜囊漏口治疗脊柱后路手术中脑脊液漏的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析海军军医大学长征医院2016年1月—2018年12月脊柱后路手术中发生脑脊液漏的101例患者临床资料,根据治疗方案分为对照组(n=56,术中采用明胶海绵覆盖硬膜囊漏口)和试验组(n=45,术中采用可吸收人工硬膜覆盖硬膜囊漏口).观察2组患者术后脑脊液漏发生率、术后并发症发生率、术后48 h引流量、引流管留置时间、切口愈合时间等的差异.结果 对照组术后脑脊液漏发生率为76.79％,术后并发症发生率为32.14％,术后48 h引流量为(352.55±75.11)mL,引流管留置时间为(7.55±2.38)d,切口愈合时间为(15.78±2.36)d.试验组脑脊液漏发生率为15.56％,术后并发症发生率为6.67％,术后48 h引流量为(160.02±50.05)mL,引流管留置时间为(1.87±0.69)d,切口愈合时间为(14.16±1.89)d.试验组术后脑脊液漏发生率、术后并发症发生率、术后48 h引流量、引流管留置时间、切口愈合时间均显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 人工硬膜可显著降低术后脑脊液漏及相关并发症发生率,显著缩短引流管留置时间及切口愈合时间,是治疗脊柱后路手术中脑脊液漏的有效手段.     

Neural response imaging (NRI) cochlear mapping: prospects for clinical application

Abstract

The objective of the study was to investigate the potential for clinical application of neural response imaging (NRI) cochlear mapping. Cochlear mapping was performed at each fitting session up to at least six months following initial fitting. Stimulation was delivered to one electrode site. NRI was recorded from each of the remaining sites. The procedure was repeated for apical, medial and basal stimulation sites, stimulating at subjective threshold and most comfortable levels. Responses were obtained in five out of six subjects and are discussed in terms of: reproducibility, quality, changes over time. Cochlear mapping provided repeatable data that gave interesting insights into the implanted cochlea. Further work is required to determine whether this approach could contribute to programme optimisation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.