弹力绷带小夹板结合石膏固定A3型桡骨远端骨折观察

目的：探讨弹力绷带小夹板结合石膏固定治疗A3型桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法：2008年5月至2013年6月治疗76例A3型桡骨远端骨折患者,受伤主要原因为跌倒损伤,占98.68％（75／76）。76例骨折均为闭合性损伤。骨折按照AO分型,A3－1型18例,A3－2型23例,A3－3型35例;受伤时间30 min至3 d。骨折整复后应用弹力绷带小夹板结合石膏固定。末次随访时按照Gartland－Werley评分系统及患者主观满意度对腕关节功能进行评价。结果：76例患者全部随访,平均随访时间5.6月（4～8月）。 Gartland－Werley腕关节评分优良率81.58％,患者主观满意度86.84％。结论：弹力绷带小夹板结合石膏固定治疗A3型桡骨远端骨折,具有固定良好,不易松动、移位,腕关节功能恢复好,畸形发生率较低,患者满意度高、痛苦小等特点,值得临床工作者借鉴。     

Covalent immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on aldehyde functionalized hydrophobic support and the application for synthesis of oleic acid ester

This study focuses on Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) immobilization by covalent attachment on poly(ethylene terephthalate)-grafted glycidyl methacrylate (PET-g-GMA) fiber. The immobilization yielded a protein loading of 2.38?mg?g^-1 of PET-g-GMA fiber. The performances of the immobilized and free CRLs were evaluated with regard to hydrolysis of olive oil and esterification of oleic acid. The optimum activity pH of the CRL was changed by immobilization to neutral range. The maximum activity of the free and immobilized CRLs occurred at 40 and 45?°C respectively. The immobilized lipase retained 65% of its original activity at 50?°C for 2?h. It was found that the immobilized lipase stored at 4?°C retained 90% of its original activity after 35?days, whereas the free lipase stored at 4?°C retained 69% of its original activity after the same period. In the esterification experiments, the immobilized CRL could maintain a high activity at a water content range from 1.5 to 6% (v/v), while the activity of free CRL showed a clear dependence on water content and decreased rapidly at above 3% (v/v) water content. In addition, after five reuses, the esterification percent yield of the immobilized CRL slightly decreased from 29 to 27%.     

Surface studies of albumin immobilized onto PE and PVC films

The aim of this study is to evaluate the thrombogenic behaviour of the low density polyethylene and poly(vinyl chloride) modified by radiation-grafting technique. After copolymerization with acrylic acid by y-rays from a ⁶⁰Co source, BSA was immobilized onto functionalized graft copolymers. The biological interaction between these materials and blood was studies by in vitro methods. The BSA immobilization effectively suppressed the adhesion and activation of platelets when it contacted whole blood.     

Medial tibial stress syndrome: A skeleton from medieval Rhodes demonstrates the appearance of the bone surface – a case report

The effect of immobilization on bone formation in the knee and hip was studied by means of oxytetracycline. One leg of 11 growing and 13 adult rabbits was immobilized so that the knee was held in extension but the hip was free. In the knee, degenerative changes developed consistently with a severity proportional to the length of the immobilization time. In most of the rabbits given oxytetracycline 1–13 days before they were killed considerably more oxytetracycline was incorporated in the bone in the immobilized knee region and slightly more in the hip region of the same leg than in the corresponding areas of the other leg. This indicates an increased turnover of bone tissue in the immobilized leg compared with the non-immobilized leg.     

介绍一种简易“X”型大鼠固定法的使用

目的 探讨一种可适用于实验大鼠且能进行较长时间固定的简易方法,为大鼠进行针刺或电针操作提供技术支持.方法 以110～120 cm长的棉线绳2根、6 cm宽口径的透明胶带、20 cm长1 cm宽的丝带为材料,参照骨科锁骨骨折的固定方法,对大鼠进行“X”型固定操作.结果 采用“X”型固定法后,在较短的时间内大鼠得到了有效的固定,从而极大提高了实验效率.结论 “X”型固定法是一种简易、经济、高效且较为安全的大鼠固定方法,便于长时间留针或电针干预,可在大鼠实验中广泛推广.     

Morphological effects of two protocols of passive stretch over the immobilized rat soleus muscle

This study evaluated two different stretching protocols employed during a period of hind-limb immobilization in terms of their effects on muscle morphology. Quantitative data regarding the soleus muscle were obtained based on the clinical hypothesis that a high frequency of this exercise would improve the recovery of muscle structure. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 each): the control group (C); the immobilized group, in which the left hind limb was immobilized in order to maintain the soleus muscle in a fully shortened position for 3 weeks (I); the 'immobilized and stretched every 3 days' group, in which the left hind limb was immobilized as in the immobilized group, but with the soleus muscle stretched every 3 days for 40 min (Ist3); and the 'immobilized (as in the immobilized group) and stretched every 7 days' group (ISt7). All soleus muscles were excised 21 days after the beginning of the experiment, and were processed for (1) haematoxylin and eosin and myosin ATPase to evaluate muscle morphology and cross-sectional area and the proportions of the different fibre types, and (2) ultrastructural analysis. The cross-sectional area was found to have decreased in all fibre types (I, II and C), mainly in ISt7, when compared with the C group and ISt3 group. The proportion of the different fibre types did not show statistical difference between groups. Light and electron microscopy examination revealed signs of cell degeneration that was more intense in the group immobilized and stretched three times a week. In conclusion, sessions of passive stretching applied to the soleus during immobilization induce muscle fibre injury, suggesting that this therapeutic tool should be applied carefully to disused muscles.