固冲汤加清热解毒药治疗脾肾亏虚型崩漏的止血疗效

目的 观察固冲汤加清热解毒药治疗脾肾亏虚型崩漏的止血疗效。方法 选取2018年1月~2019年2月我院收治的脾肾亏虚型功血患者50例,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组25例。治疗组给予固冲汤加清热解毒药治疗,对照组给予妈富隆治疗,比较两组近期止血疗效、治疗前后症状积分、中医证候疗效、中医单项症状疗效及实验室检查指标[血红蛋白（HGB）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）]。结果 治疗组近期止血总有效率为92.00%,高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗组中医证候总有效率为96.00%,高于对照组的60.00%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组阴道出血量、出血天数比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;两组神疲乏力、心悸气短、腰膝酸软、头晕耳鸣比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗组HGB高于对照组[（99.24±12.39）g/L vs（92.08±17.47）g/L],PT、APTT低于对照组[（11.76±0.60）s vs（13.61±0.63）s]、[（33.43±1.60）s vs（37.72±1.80）s],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 固冲汤加清热解毒药治疗脾肾亏虚型崩漏患者止血疗效确切,可增加机体免疫力,提高HGB含量,缩短PT、APTT时间,达到标本兼治,在改善患者症状、提高患者生活质量方面效果优于妈富隆。     

比马前列素用于睫毛增长的安全风险探讨

目的 探讨比马前列素用于睫毛增长的安全风险。方法 针对比马前列素的理化性质、药理作用和药动学、临床应用、不良反应、化妆品监管政策等方面进行梳理分析，为监管工作提供理论依据。结果 比马前列素是一种人工合成的前列腺素类似物——前列腺素F_2α类似物，可以有效降低眼压和促进毛发增长。其消除半衰期为45 min，主要通过尿液排泄。FDA孕期评级为C级，可能对胎儿有不利影响；上市后不良反应主要包括眼睛充血、眼睑红斑、眼刺激等，其安全性有必要进行进一步评估；不符合中国化妆品的定义和规定的功效宣称，欧盟和加拿大禁止比马前列素等药物成分用于化妆品，美国将其作为药品管理。结论 为了保证化妆品质量安全，规范和促进行业健康发展，建议中国监管部门跟踪关注比马前列素等前列腺素类似物的使用安全性，必要时调整管理措施。     

公立医院增设药事服务费的研究综述

新一轮医药卫生体制改革,提出了要探索有效方式,逐步改革以药补医机制,通过设立药事服务费等方式逐步改革或取消药品加成政策,同时采取适当增加政府投入、改革支付方式等措施,完善公立医院补偿机制。药事服务费的相关研究随之出现,但由于对药事服务费的定义存有不同理解,目前对药事服务成本的测算尚未有统一的方法。通过对药事服务费的概念及存在的争议、药事服务费的测算现况及存在问题的综述,有助于在总结现有不足的前提下,寻找新的思路。     

中成药中非法添加物N-苄基他达拉非的结构确证

目的 鉴定中成药中一种新型他达拉非类似物。方法 采用HPLC-DAD初筛和制备液相色谱仪对中成药中非法添加物进行分离和纯化，采用高分辨质谱确定其精确分子量和结构碎片，结合碳谱和氢谱，最终确定该添加物的结构。结果 该添加物为N-苄基他达拉非。结论 N-苄基他达拉非的化学结构已有文献报道，但作为一种非法的中成药添加物首次被检出。     

Paternal incarceration and trajectories of marijuana and other illegal drug use from adolescence into young adulthood: evidence from longitudinal panels of males and females in the United States

Aims One‐eighth of young adults in the United States report that their biological father has ever been incarcerated (FEI). This study is the first to examine associations between FEI and trajectories of substance use during the transition from adolescence into young adulthood for the US population. Design Using multi‐level modeling techniques, trajectories of marijuana and other illegal drug use are examined, with FEI as the primary independent variable. Setting Data are from the first three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally representative sample of US adolescents beginning in 1995. Participants Panels of 7157 males and 7997 females followed from adolescence (7th–12th grades) into early adulthood (ages 18–27 years). Measurements Dependent variables included an ordinal measure of marijuana frequency of use in last thirty days, and a dichotomous measure for whether respondent had any use in the last thirty days of illegal drugs such crystal meth, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, PCP, LSD, speed, and ecstasy. Findings Among males and females, respectively, FEI is associated with an increased frequency of marijuana use, and increased odds of any other illegal drug use. Interactions between FEI and age further reveal that FEI is associated with an accentuated trajectory (i.e. a steeper slope) of marijuana use, and an elevated risk (i.e. higher mean level) of other illegal drug use. Conclusions Analysis provides some of the first evidence that paternal incarceration is significantly associated with drug use among U.S. males and females, even after controlling for a number of family background, parental, and individual characteristics.     

Disseminated gonococcal infection in a Japanese man with complement 7 deficiency with compound heterozygous variants: A case report

Rationale:Complement deficiency are known to be predisposed to disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI). We herein present a case of DGI involving a Japanese man who latently had a complement 7 deficiency with compound heterozygous variants.Patient concerns:A previously healthy 51-year-old Japanese man complained of sudden-onset high fever. Physical examination revealed various skin lesions including red papules on his trunk and extremities, an impetigo-like pustule on left forearm, and tendinitis of his right forefinger.Diagnosis:Blood culture testing detected gram-negative cocci, which was confirmed to be Neisseria gonorrhoeae based on mass spectrometry and a pathogen-specific PCR test.Interventions:Screening tests for underlying immunocompromised factors uncovered that complement activities (CH50) was undetectable. With a suspicion of a congenital complement deficiency, genetic analysis revealed rare single nucleotide variants in complement 7 (C7), including c.281-1G>T and a novel variant c.1454C>T (p.A485V). CH50 was normally recovered by adding purified human C7 to the patient''s serum, supporting that the patient has C7 deficiency with compound heterozygous variants.Outcomes:Under a diagnosis of DGI, the patient underwent an antibiotic treatment with cefotaxime for a week and was discharged without any sequela.Lessons:DGI is a rare sexually-transmitted infection that potentially induces systemic complications. Complement immunity usually defeats N. gonorrhoeae and prevents the organism from causing DGI. This case highlighted the importance of suspecting a complement deficiency when a person develops DGI.     

Synthesis of High‐Molecular‐Weight Brush Polymers via RAFT Polymerization within the Micellar Nanoreactor of a PEG‐Based Macromonomer

The RAFT polymerization of an amphipathic PEG‐based macromonomer (mPEG‐g‐S) in water is performed. It is found that the polymerization proceeds via a micellar polymerization process. The polymerization kinetics, polymer chain extension, and polymer particle evolution of RAFT micellar polymerization are evaluated. It is demonstrated that the polymerization possesses a fast rate and high monomer conversion due to locally concentrating and orienting the hydrophobic polymerizing groups within the micellar nanoreactor. Moreover, the RAFT micellar polymerization is under good control since the polydispersity index (PDI) value of the synthesized brush copolymer is below 1.3 in most cases, even under polymerization conditions with the ratio of RAFT agent to macromonomer at 1:400. Polymerization leads to the formation of a completely grafted brush copolymer, and the as‐synthesized brush copolymer will self‐assemble into spherical particles during the polymerization process. This strategy is anticipated to be an efficient way for the controlled synthesis of completely grafted brush polymers with high molecular weights and their corresponding self‐assembled particles.

     

广东省2009-2013年保健食品违法广告调查分析

目的 调查分析2009-2013年广东省保健食品违法广告的违法特点,为规范保健食品广告的发布提供研究参考.方法 从广东省食品药品监督管理局官方网站汇总广东省2009-2013年保健食品生产经销单位违法保健食品广告的通知公告,并对所获得信息进行整理分析.以保健食品常见功能作为划分点,建立违法次数的统计表从而进行数据研究.结果 保健食品违法广告中的保健食品主要是免疫调节类功能,夸大产品功效是保健食品违法广告的最主要表现形式.结论 针对保健食品违法广告存在的问题,提出相关的对策:完善保健食品广告的法律法规,改革保健食品广告审批权与管理权分离的体制,建立保健食品违法广告的公众监督查询平台系统等.     

RAFT Dispersion Polymerization of Styrene in Water/Alcohol: The Solvent Effect on Polymer Particle Growth during Polymer Chain Propagation

The RAFT polymerization of styrene in a solvent consisting of a water/alcohol mixture with different water contents is performed and the solvent effects on polymerization kinetics, polymer chain propagation, and polymer particle growth are evaluated. It is found that the solvent affects the RAFT polymerization kinetics greatly, and the apparent polymerization rate constant (K_p ^app) increases with an increase in the water content of the water/alcohol mixture. In addition, RAFT polymerization in a water/alcohol mixture with a higher water content affords better control of the polydispersity index (PDI) of the synthesized polymers. Furthermore, the solvent also exerts a great influence on the growth of the polymer particles. Hollow particles are formed either at the initial polymerization with low monomer conversion or in the solvent with a low water content, whereas solid polymer particles are produced either at high monomer conversion or in the solvent with a high water content.