宫腔镜黏膜下子宫肌瘤切除术后疗效观察

目的 评估黏膜下子宫肌瘤宫腔镜下切除术的效果。方法 分析该院56例有症状的黏膜下子宫肌瘤，均采用宫腔镜下子宫肌瘤切除术，术后平均随访40个月，其中异常月经过多、经期延长32例，不育者24例，18例要求术后有生育；观察生育力及月经过多改善的效果。结果 一次手术控制子宫出血27例，3例行二次手术控制，2例痛经复发；9例术后成功怀孕，8例正常分娩，1例流产；术后2例复发，均行二次手术，效果良好。结论 经阴道宫腔镜黏膜下子宫肌瘤切除术能有效控制异常子宫出血及改善生育力。     

粘膜下子宫肌瘤宫腔镜电切术后对妊娠结局的影响

目的 分析粘膜下子宫肌瘤宫腔镜电切术后对妊娠结局的影响.方法 取本院于2010年5月~2012年5月间收治的行宫腔镜电切术治疗粘膜下子宫肌瘤后妊娠待产的产妇64例作用观察组,另取同期入院分娩的正常产妇64例作为对照组.观察两组患者的妊娠结局及手术一般情况如：手术时间、术中出血量、进行输血的例数等情况,比较两组差异.结果 观察组患者的顺产率与对照组相比无明显差异（P〉0.05）;观察组患者的手术时间、出血量以及输血例数与对照组患者相比无明显差异（P〉0.05）.结论 粘膜下子宫肌瘤宫腔镜电切术后并不增加产妇的剖宫产率,对妊娠结局无明显影响.     

缩宫素预处理在宫腔镜电切治疗黏膜下子宫肌瘤中的临床研究

目的 探讨采用宫腔镜经宫颈子宫肌瘤切除术（TCRM）前进行缩宫素预处理的可行性及应用价值.方法 选择2005年2月至2009年10月在本院妇产科诊断为黏膜下子宫肌瘤并接受宫腔镜TCRM的患者共计122例为研究对象.按照采用宫腔镜TCRM前是否采用缩宫素预处理将其分为预处理组（n=60,采用缩宫素预处理）与对照组（n=62,未予缩宫素预处理）.预处理组术前肌内注射缩宫素3 d后再行TCRM,对照组则直接行TCRM.采用统计学方法分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、液体吸收量及术后住院天数等,并随访研究两组患者的症状改善及术后妊娠情况（本研究遵循的程序符合本院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象本人的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书）.两组患者平均年龄、中至重度贫血发生率、不良孕产史发生率及一般临床症状程度等比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结果 与对照组比较,预处理组术前经缩宫素处理后可缩短平均手术时间,减少液体吸收量及术中出血量,缩短术后住院天数,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;对两组患者随访（22.35±1.34）个月时,其月经量改变及不规则阴道流血症状改善率、术后妊娠率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但缩宫素预处理组残余肌瘤的复发率较对照组显著降低,差异无统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 TCRM前应用缩宫素预处理可缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量及术中液体吸收量,并可降低残余肌瘤的复发率,但是否值得临床推广应用,尚需多中心、大样本的随机对照研究进一步证实.     

超声引导下射频消融治疗月经过多临床疗效研究

目的观察在超声辅助下子宫内膜射频消融治疗月经过多临床效果和技术的安全性。方法选择由于子宫良性病变引起的月经过多,并自愿接受子宫内膜射频消融治疗的50例患者作为观察组;宫腔镜下子宫内膜电切术治疗50例同类患者作为对照组。结果观察组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后病率、术后并发症等方面均低于对照组（P〈0.05）,总有效率两组相似（P〉0.05）。结论超声辅助下子宫内膜射频消融是治疗月经过多简单、快速、安全、经济、有效的微创手术方法。     

Retrospective cohort study of the risk factors for secondary infertility following hysteroscopic metroplasty of the uterine septum in women with recurrent pregnancy loss

Purpose

A hysteroscopic metroplasty was performed for women with recurrent pregnancy loss owing to a uterine septum, following which some women became infertile. The aim of this study was to elucidate the risk factors of secondary infertility 1 year after hysteroscopic metroplasty for a uterine septum.

Methods

A retrospective, single‐center, cohort study included women with a history of at least two miscarriages that had been attributed to a uterine septum who underwent a hysteroscopic metroplasty. The patients’ background data were compared between the patients who conceived and those who remained infertile at 1 year postoperatively. The data were analyzed by using the Mann–Whitney U‐test and multivariate analyses.

Results

The postoperative live birth rate was 83.9% (n = 26), with persistent infertility in five women at 1 year. When comparing the pregnancy group with the infertile group, the women in the postoperative infertility group were significantly older than those in the postoperative pregnancy group. The multivariate analysis showed that age was an independent risk factor for persistent infertility.

Conclusion

Age was identified as an independent risk factor for postoperative secondary infertility. Therefore, surgery as early as possible is recommended.     

宫腔镜电切环治疗宫颈管潴留囊肿的体会

目的探讨宫腔镜电切环治疗腹腔镜鞘膜内子宫切除术（LISH）后宫颈管潴留囊肿的可行性。方法回顾性分析2005年1月至2008年10月行宫腔镜电切环治疗腹腔镜鞘膜内子宫切除术后宫颈管潴留囊肿患者的临床资料及疗效。结果平均手术时间（5±2min）,术中出血（3±1ml）,宫腔镜6例手术均获成功,无术后感染及复发。结论宫腔镜电切环治疗LISH术后宫颈管潴留囊肿,操作简单、安全、出血少、省时、效果好。     

Male and female sterilisation

Male and female sterilisation are important forms of contraception worldwide despite declining popularity in developed countries and limited access during the Covid-19 global pandemic. Vasectomy is the only highly reliable form of male contraception. Appropriate counselling about permanent methods of contraception in both sexes is vital and should include information about irreversibility, failure rates and complications. The alternatives to sterilisation, particularly long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), should be discussed in detail as they are at least as effective and have the advantage of reversibility. Hysteroscopic techniques for female sterilisation are no longer available. In males the no-scalpel technique vasectomy requires minimal operating time and results in less post-operative discomfort than the incisional method. Regret after sterilisation and requests for reversal are more common in patients under 30 years and in men with no children.