The protective effect of vitamin E on cerebral ischemia

Using the "canine model of the completely ischemic brain regulated with a perfusion method," the effects on cerebral ischemia of vitamin E, which is known to act as an antioxidant, were investigated. After pretreatment with vitamin E by oral or intravenous administration, cerebral blood flow was reduced to 1/10th the normal state and, 1 hour later, allowed to return to normal. Subsequent changes in electrical activity were observed, and the effects of vitamin E were evaluated. In the control group, no recovery of electrical activity was seen. In the groups given vitamin E, the recovery time was significantly shortened in the dogs given 30 mg/kg of vitamin E intravenously. Furthermore, in the groups treated with vitamin E, distinct recovery of electroencephalographic potentials at 3 hours after recirculation was apparent. These effects were more favorable in the case of intravenous administration than in the case of oral administration. These experimental results indicate that the administration of vitamin E is effective in protecting the brain from cerebral ischemia.     

乳腺癌改良根治术中应用超声引导下TPVB复合全身麻醉对患者术后认知功能的影响

目的：探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中应用超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞（TPVB）复合全身麻醉对患者术后认知功能的影响。方法：选择信阳市中心医院2020年1月至2021年12月期间收治的56例乳腺癌改良根治术患者,以随机数字表法分为观察组（超声引导下TPVB联合全身麻醉）和对照组（全身麻醉）,各28例。比较两组患者的麻醉前（T0）、切皮时（T1）、手术开始60 min(T2)、术毕时（T3）的血流动力学指标变化情况,记录术中两组患者的麻醉药物用量,记录术前、术后1 d两组患者的神经功能状况,比较两组术后不良反应发生情况。结果：T1～T3时观察组患者的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）与T0时比较,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;T1～T3时对照组患者的MAP、HR高于T0时,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）;T1～T3时观察组患者的MAP、HR低于同时段对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。观察组患者的术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。术后1 d两组患者的简易智力状态检查量表（MMSE）评分均低于术前,且术后1 d观察组...     

Assessing Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Coeliac Disease: The Italian Version of CDDUX

We aimed to assess Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Italian children and their parents with coeliac disease (CD) using the Coeliac Disease Dutch Questionnaire (CDDUX). The CDDUX underwent a cross-cultural adaptation in a multi-step process, according to international guidelines. A total of 224 children aged between 8–18 years and their parents were prospectively recruited. Cronbach α coefficient was determined as a measure of internal consistency of the questionnaire and inter-children/parent reliability by intraclass correlation coefficient. Univariate and bivariate regression models were used to evaluate correlations between clinical variables and children and parents subclasses of CDDUX and overall mean Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). The Italian CDDUX proved to be valid and reliable, mean CDDUX total score revealing a neutral evaluation of the quality of life in children 52.6 ± 17.2 and parents 49.5 ± 17.9 (p = 0.07) with strong correlation with PedsQL. The only clinical variable which appeared to affect significantly quality of life both in children and parents was the lower age. A comparison with our results showed remarkable differences in the HRQoL of populations of various nationalities. The Italian version of the CDDUX questionnaire is a simple and reliable tool for assessing the HRQoL in children and adolescents with CD.     

Free Fatty Acids Signature in Human Intestinal Disorders: Significant Association between Butyric Acid and Celiac Disease

Altered circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), namely short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs), and long chain fatty acids (LCFAs), are associated with metabolic, gastrointestinal, and malignant diseases. Hence, we compared the serum FFA profile of patients with celiac disease (CD), adenomatous polyposis (AP), and colorectal cancer (CRC) to healthy controls (HC). We enrolled 44 patients (19 CRC, 9 AP, 16 CD) and 16 HC. We performed a quantitative FFA evaluation with the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method (GC–MS), and we performed Dirichlet-multinomial regression in order to highlight disease-specific FFA signature. HC showed a different composition of FFAs than CRC, AP, and CD patients. Furthermore, the partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) confirmed perfect overlap between the CRC and AP patients and separation of HC from the diseased groups. The Dirichlet-multinomial regression identified only strong positive association between CD and butyric acid. Moreover, CD patients showed significant interactions with age, BMI, and gender. In addition, among patients with the same age and BMI, being male compared to being female implies a decrease of the CD effect on the (log) prevalence of butyric acid in FFA composition. Our data support GC–MS as a suitable method for the concurrent analysis of circulating SCFAs, MCFAs, and LCFAs in different gastrointestinal diseases. Furthermore, and notably, we suggest for the first time that butyric acid could represent a potential biomarker for CD screening.     

北京市乳腺癌根治术后手术部位感染危险因素:一项多中心前瞻性监测结果

 目的 调查北京地区乳腺癌根治手术后手术部位感染（SSI）发病率及其危险因素。方法 通过北京医院感染监控管理系统,对全市83所二级及以上医疗机构进行乳腺癌根治/改良根治术前瞻性监测,应用SPSS 20.0软件对SSI情况进行描述分析及logistic回归分析。结果 共纳入2012—2017年监测数据库中8 248例病例,发生SSI 62例,发病率为0.75%。糖尿病、手术后入住过ICU、手术时长和ASA评分是乳腺癌根治/改良根治术患者SSI的危险因素。糖尿病患者相较于非糖尿病患者SSI的风险增加（OR=2.99,95%CI：1.33~6.73）;术后入住过ICU的患者发生SSI的风险是未入住过ICU的5.72倍（OR=5.72,95%CI：1.68~19.45）;手术时间每增加1 h,术后感染的风险增加27%（OR=1.27,95%CI：1.11~1.46）;ASA评分每高一个级别,SSI的风险将增加54%（OR=1.54,95%CI：1.01~2.35）。结论 多中心大样本的目标监测提示2012—2017年北京地区乳腺癌手术后SSI发病率较低。糖尿病、入住过ICU、手术时间和ASA评分应作为预判SSI的重要因素,在综合考虑影响患者SSI的因素后制定个性化预防策略。     

食道癌根治术后放射治疗的观察研究

目的：评估食道癌根治术后放射治疗的价值。方法：取我院1985－1992年进行根治术后放射治疗24例食管癌病人作术后放疗组,按该组病人的分期,分层随机抽取同期食管癌单纯根治术病人24例作对照组,DT50－60Gy/5-7周,生存分析用Kaplan-Meier方法计算,并以Log-rank作显著性检验。结果：单纯手术组1,3,5年生存率分别为87．5％（21／24）,66．7％（16／24）,34．8％（8／23）,术后放疗组95．8％（23／24）,78．3％（18／23）,54．5（12／22）,（P＞0．05）,单纯手术组血行转移16．7％（4／24）,术后放疗组为12．5％（3／24）,两组相比较,无显著差异（P＞0．05）,局部（瘤床以及局部淋巴引流区）复发率单纯手术组为58．3％（14／24）,术后放疗组25．0％（6／24）,后者明显比前者低度（P＝0．02）,结论：食道癌根治术后放疗可以减少局部复发。     

参仙汤改善多发性脑梗塞性痴呆大鼠学习记忆及其作用机制研究

目的：观察中药复方参仙汤对多发性脑梗塞性痴呆（简称MID）大鼠学习记忆的影响,并对其抗自由基损伤机制进行研究。方法：采用经左心注射 0.25 ml/kg 液体石蜡栓子造成 MID 大鼠模型,以水迷宫为学习记忆评价指标。通过对大鼠脑、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力、丙二醛（MDA）和脂褐素（LF）含量测定,探讨参仙汤对抗脑缺血再灌注损伤的自由基损伤机制。结果：参仙汤大、中剂量组大鼠在水迷宫实验中作业时间、正确数得到提高（第5天,P<0.05 或P<0.001）。参仙汤大、中、小剂量组脑、肝组织 SOD 活力均有提高,MDA 和 LF 含量均有下降,脑组织尤为明显（P<0.01或P<0.001）。结论：参仙汤可能是通过抗脑缺血再灌注之自由基损伤,达到改善MID大鼠学习记忆功能的。     

人SR-AI转基因小鼠模型的主要形态学特性、血液学指标和血脂水平的研究

目的明确人SR-AI转基因小鼠的一些形态、脏器、血液学和血浆脂质参数,为人SR-AI转基因小鼠模型的应用提供相关依据.方法用游标卡尺和电子称量天平测量人SR-AI转基因小鼠的吻长、眶间距、体长、尾长及12个脏器系数并与C57BL/6J小鼠进行比较分析;用SysmexK-4500型全血自动多参数血液分析仪检测其血液学指标;并用酶法分别测定血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量.结果人SR-AI转基因小鼠外部形态指标和脏器系数与C57BL/6J小鼠比较差异没有显著意义(P>0.05);转基因小鼠的各项血液学指标无明显改变,血脂蛋白成分的改变亦未显示统计学意义(P>0.05),甘油三酯的浓度略有增高(P<0.05).结论人SR-AI转基因小鼠的外部形态指标、脏器系数及各项血液学指标均无明显改变,适合用作动脉粥样硬化模型的研究.     

体内外自由基形成的研究及意义

目的研究体内外自由基的形成及意义。方法用TBA-醋酸法检测正常人血清,血浆,胸腹腔渗、漏出液,各细胞提取物及服用西洋参前后的血浆和经过氧化处理后的正常人、糖尿病、高血压、冠心病患者的血清及食用油脂、相应烟雾冷凝油的过氧化脂质(LPO)含量。结果各细胞均有自由基反应,以血小板为最高。血清LPO明显高于血浆(P<0.001),胸腹腔渗出液LPO明显高于漏出液(P<0.001),过氧化处理后的糖尿病、高血压、冠心病患者血清的LPO明显高于过氧化处理后的正常人血清LPO(P<0.001);油脂质量越高,LPO含量越低,相应的烟雾冷凝油的LPO是食用油脂的14.3～35.6倍。结论生物、化学和物理因素均可引起脂质过氧化,不管何种因素所致的脂质过氧化,其反应过程及其产物LPO对生物体都有严重的损害作用。     

黄芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠微血管病变的作用及机制的研究

目的：探讨黄芪多糖（APS）对糖尿病大鼠微血管病变的影响以及对糖尿病的治疗作用及机制。方法：成年,健康SD大鼠40只,雌雄不限,分成四组：正常对照组,糖尿病组（腹腔注射四氧嘧啶200mg/kg),APS组（造模成功后用APS治疗）,优降糖组（造模成功后用优降糖治疗）。治疗两周时测一次血糖,四周后,测血糖;颈动脉取血测定血清胰素水平,NO和MDA含量。应用形态定量的方法比较各组的心肌病理变化。结果：腹腔注射alloxan(200mg/kg)后的SD大鼠血糖浓度显升高,血清NO,MDA,胰岛素水平明显改变。APS治疗四周后,血糖浓度明显下降,与优降糖治疗组无明显差异,血清NO较未治疗组明显升高（P＜0．01）,血清MDA较未治疗组明显减少（P＜0．01）,血清胰岛素水平升高（P＜0．05）,光镜下观察,糖尿病大鼠的心肌毛细血管数量减少,基底膜增厚,微血管与心肌纤维的比率显减低,这些改变都可被APS改善.结论：APS有降低血糖和保护血管内皮细胞的作用,这可能与APS减轻氧自由基的损伤,影响NO的产生以及促进胰岛B细胞的损伤的恢复有关。