人胎肌来源的生物因子抗肿瘤活性实验研究

研究人胚胎横纹肌条件培养液产生的生物因子（ＡＴＰ－ＦＭＣＭ）抗瘤活性。观察发现ＡＴＦ对８种肿瘤细胞株体外增殖有抑制作用。对ＢＧＣ－８２３等６种瘤细胞的抑制率均有５２％￣９４％之间。其中对ＢＧＣ－８２３、Ｖ－７２２１和Ｈｅｌａ３株瘤细胞的抑制率最高，分别为９４％、９３％和８５％。整体抑瘤实验证实，ＡＴＦ能明显减轻Ｓ－１８０荷瘤小鼠腹水的严重程度，生存时间延长，并能有效抑制ＬＡ－７９５肺腺癌荷瘤小鼠的     

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay of Pro-gastrin-releasing Peptide for Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Comparison with Neuron-specific Enolase Measurement

Our previous study demonstrated that pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(31–98), or ProGRP, is a specific tumor marker in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Using a newly developed, highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for ProGRP, we analyzed 1,446 samples including those obtained from 478 lung cancer patients to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this ELISA. Several properties indicated that ProGRP is a useful tumor marker for SCLC. First, ProGRP was specifically elevated in SCLC patients. In non-SCLC patients and patients with non-tumorous lung diseases, its serum level was very rarely elevated. Secondly, ProGRP was a reliable marker, in terms of the marked elevation of serum ProGRP levels in SCLC patients. Thirdly, serum ProGRP levels were elevated in SCLC patients even at a relatively early stage of this disease. Fourthly, changes in the serum ProGRP level showed an excellent correlation with the therapeutic responses in SCLC patients. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is accepted as a tumor marker of SCLC patients. With the aim of comparing ProGRP and NSE as tumor markers for SCLC patients, we measured serum NSE levels in all samples collected in the present study. We found that ProGRP was superior to NSE in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reliability. Therefore, we consider that ProGRP can play a major role as a clinical tumor marker for SCLC patients.     

Does Fluid Flow Across the Intestinal Mucosa Affect Quantitative Oral Drug Absorption? Is It Time for a Reevaluation?

Purpose. Hydrophilic and charged solutes have a lower membrane permeability which is due to a lower partition into the lipid membrane (low solubility in the membrane phase) and/or a slower transcellular diffusion coefficient. They are therefore anticipated to be absorbed through the paracellular route, which is a consequence of diffusion and a convective volume flow through the water-filled intercellular space. Methods. Two approaches have been used to investigate the mechanisms underlying the paracellular drug transport across the intestinal mucosa: (a) including water transport by exposing the apical side of the epithelium with a hypotonic solution, and (b) stimulated paracellular transport by widening of tight junction and increased water absorption as a consequence of the sodium-coupled transport of nutrients. Results. Among the first studies that recognized this fluid flux dependent transmucosal transport of drugs, was one published by Oschenfahrt & Winne in 1973 and the one by Kitazawa et al. in 1975. During the last two decades the importance of this paracellular route for drug delivery have been explored in vitro and in situ. Conclusions. The limits concerning molecular weight, shape, ionization and the effect of physiological stimulants, such as luminal concentrations of nutrients, osmolality and motility, are currently under investigation. However, recently published in vivo human data by ourselves and others indicate that the promising results obtained in vitro and in situ for various hydrophilic compounds might not be valid in quantitative aspects in humans, especially not for drugs with a molecular weight over 200.     

SARS胸部影像表现与评价(附75例分析)

目的：回顾分析75例严重急性呼吸综合症(SARS)病例，探讨该病影像学表现及其与临床治疗有关的问题。方法：全部75例患者均行胸片检查，一般隔日行影像追踪复查。结果：胸部X线表现为肺实质渗出病灶为主，肺内网状改变及肺门片块影较少。影像表现与临床病程有一定关系。结论：胸部影像表现以肺实质渗出病灶较常见。胸片检查是进行本病诊断和评估病程及疗效的重要方法。     

皮质激素对人体血管收缩试验的研究

在20名正常人前臂内侧涂以4种以清凉油为基质含不同浓度地塞米松(0.1、0.05、0.025、0.0125%)的皮炎速灵油膏,并以清凉油作阴性对照,地塞米松软膏作阳性对照。采用改良的Mckenzie和Stoughton法,将六种药剂涂于同一个体,以消除个体间反应差异。涂药后3h拭去药物,再经2、3、4、5、7、9及21h进行观察并打分,在双盲条件下根据用药部位发白情况由3名评估者对每名受试者独立打分,应用Wilcoxon等经典秩和试验法进行统计分析,结果显示清凉油和所有含地塞米松的制剂之间存在着非常显著的差异,并对受试者反应和评估者打分的变异系数进行了计算。我们的体会是血管收缩试验在黄种人也是可行的,而这种打分系统只要提供足够数量的受试者,特别适宜于应用Wilcoxon等统计方法。     

76例宫颈癌组织中人类乳头瘤病毒的检测

本文应用ＨＰＶ－ＰＣＲ技术和ＤＮＡ杂交技术对７６例宫颈鳞癌标本进行了ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ的研究，发现ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ存在率为９０．７９％（６９／７６），主要类型为ＨＰＶ１６和１８。多酶切ＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ杂交证实在宫颈癌中９２．５６％的ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ发生变异，说明ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ的基因变异与其致癌作用密切相关。ＰＣＲ结果证实ＨＰＶ－Ｅ６片段在宫颈癌组织中常可出现，推测可能是致癌的关键片段之一。因此，检测宫颈癌组织中ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ的完整性、关键基因片段的存在与否，可能对于病变恶变的预测有一定的意义     

Patients seeking symmetrical recontouring for “Perceived” deformities in the width of the face and skull

This article describes plastic surgery patients who sought symmetrical recontouring of the width of the face and skull. The basic demographic and personality characteristics of these facial width deformity (FWD) patients and the surgical procedures performed on them are discussed. Details of the surgical and psychological management of three representative cases are given. Speculative conclusions regarding the general characteristics of the FWD population are offered. Suggestions are proposed for a combined surgical-medical psychotherapeutic collaboration in managing these patients.     

亚硒酸钠对荷Lewis肺癌小鼠癌组织和肝组织溶酶体的作用研究

用差速离心方法分离提取荷Lewis肺癌小鼠癌组织和肝组织富含溶酶体部分,并以溶酶体标志酶酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的游离酶和总酶活性比值作为观察溶酶体膜稳定性变化的指标,观察了亚硒酸钠对两种组织ACP酶活性和膜稳定性的影响。发现硒对癌组织和肝组织ACP活性的异常升高有抑制作用、稳定溶酶体膜,在癌瘤增殖前期作用明显(P<0.05)。提示这种拮抗效应与硒直接和间接的抗脂质过氧化有关。     

人膀胱癌光动力学治疗的电镜观察

电镜观察15例光动力学治疗前后膀胱移行细胞癌的活检材料,证实此治疗对膀胱癌有显著作用。肿瘤组织内的毛细血管对光动力学作用最为敏感,照光20min后即出现明显损伤,24h后,毛细血管几乎完全坏死崩解。癌细胞的破坏出现较晚,迟于毛细血管。治疗4d后肿瘤组织水肿、出血,几全部坏死。治疗21～80d后,瘤床仍水肿并有出血及坏死物质复盖。表明血管的结构损伤与功能障碍在肿瘤光动力学治疗机理中起主要作用。     

恶性肿瘤患者血清癌胚抗原放射免疫分析

本文采用放射免疫法测定了144例恶性肿瘤患者血清CEA含量,并以同样条件测定了30例正常人作为对照。结果表明恶性肿瘤患者血清CEA含量显著高于健康人,均值为10.3±4.84ng/ml。不同肿瘤患者血清CEA升高的程度不等,其中以肺癌含量最高为14.7±7.83ng/ml。转移性肿瘤CEA含量高于144例肿瘤的平均水平。术后复发者含量不见下降。癌性胸腹水中CEA含量明显升高。因此,血清CEA的测定对恶性肿瘤的辅助诊断,评价疗效和判断预后具有重要的临床意义。