云南贫困医学生心理控制感及其相关因素的研究

目的 探讨贫困医学生心理控制感及其与社会支持、应付方式、心理健康之间的关系。方法 以云南198名贫困学生为研究组，相对应的200名非贫困生为对照组，采用90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)、特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、多维度-多归因因果量表(MMCS)测评。结果 贫困生心理控制感外倾和SCL-90各因子得分与非贫困生差异显著。与内控倾向的学生相比，外控倾向者社会支持度较低，多采用消极应对方式。结论 贫困大学生总体心理健康水平较低，改善应对方式和心理控制感可能有利于提高贫困大学生的社会支持度和心理健康水平。     

沈阳药科大学毕业生就业现状调查分析及对策

21世纪是生命科学的世纪，医药行业将获得迅猛发展，特别是我国加入WTO后，医药行业的发展将面临巨大的机遇和挑战；医药行业的发展使社会对药学人才的需求不断增加。了解我国当今医药行业迅速发展所引起的药学人才需求的变化，对高校培养合格药学人才具有重大指导意义。笔者根据对沈阳药科大学毕业生业现状的调查，了解我国医药企事业单位对药学人才的需求模式，并根据对调查结果的分析，提出当前形势下药学人才的教育培养对策．力求为实际工作提供参考依据。     

Work stressors among recent business school graduates

This research examined the relationship of contemporary work stressors to work outcomes and measures of psychological well-being among recent business school graduates. Most stress research has considered longer tenured organizational employees. Two hundred and seventeen respondents completed anonymous questionnaires. Three categories of work stressors were studied: job insecurity, underemployment and unmet expectations. Unmet job challenge and job demands expectations and underemployment were consistently related to more negative work outcomes. Work stressors were less strongly related to psychological well-being, however. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Factors affecting the future employment of new graduate nurses as home-visiting nurses: a cross-sectional study in Japan

Objective: In Japan, home-visiting nurse (HVN) stations are at the frontline of providing home-based medical care and end-of-life care. The nursing authorities aim to establish an education program that allows new graduate nurses to become home-visiting nurses. However, previous studies have indicated gaps in education between new graduates recently employed as HVNs and experienced home-visiting nurses. The present study further investigates the factors influencing the recruitment of new graduates as home-visiting nurses.Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were sent to 2,000 HVN stations randomly selected from the 5,565 registered home-visiting nurse stations throughout Japan. The survey covered three main areas, namely, those concerning the respondent (6 items), the home-visiting nurse station (8 items), and the nursing services provided (12 items).Results: Four of the 26 items were statistically significant, and only one of these was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis to be an independent factor for accepting new graduates as home-visiting nurses. This factor was undergraduate home-visiting nurse training for student nurses (OR=1.916, CI=1.124–3.267).Conclusion: To increase the recruitment of new graduates as home-visiting nurses, these findings suggest that nursing schools nationwide and home-visiting nurse stations should further cooperate with the specific aim of increasing the provision of practical training at home-visiting nurse stations for pre-graduation student nurses.     

医学硕士研究生培养过程中需要思考和解决的问题

医学研究生的培养中需要确定培养目标,接受道德和心理素质教育、法制教育、创新性教育、专业外语训练、循证医学以及专业技能和专业知识的培养。     

考研、就业对医学生临床实习的影响及对策研究

考研、就业与医学生毕业实习间的矛盾日渐突出,已成为影响临床教学质量的重要因素.其原因主要有社会发展对医学院校人才需求的变化、用人单位选择毕业生的步调不一致等社会客观因素;而两者时间安排上的冲突、学生成才观的缺陷,以及教学管理松懈等则是其内在原因.因此,从其形成因素着手,采取行之有效的对策,解决冲突,消除影响,是提高临床教学质量的有效途径.     

Starting out in rural New South Wales: the experiences of new graduate occupational therapists

ABSTRACT: The current shortage of health personnel in rural Australia is compounded by the difficulty in recruiting and retaining new graduate health professionals in rural practice. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experiences of five new graduate occupational therapists who began their careers in rural New South Wales (NSW). Data were collected via semi-structured, individual interviews. Results indicated that new graduates were attracted to their rural positions by multiple factors, especially their previous rural experience. Participants experienced low self-confidence during their transition from student to therapist. Rewarding and challenging aspects of rural practice were identified. New graduates valued challenging aspects of rural practice as opportunities for skill development. Results suggest that increasing the number of occupational therapy graduates with rural experience may attract more graduates to rural practice. Furthermore, enhancing the support available to new graduates in rural positions may help retain graduates in rural practice.