利用垃圾填埋气体发电走垃圾处理资源化道路

城市生活固体弃物经卫生填埋后,产生的洁气可以做为资源加以利用。杭州市天子岭废弃物处理场１９９８年建成中外合作的发电厂,利用沼气并网发电,不但学习了国外的先进技术,而且培养自己的技术,管理人员。     

An Integrated Micromachined Electrochemical Pump and Dosing System

In this paper a micromachined electrochemically driven pump capable of dosing precise nanoliter amounts of liquid is presented. The pump consists of a micromachined channel structure realized in silicon by reactive ion etching. On top of this structure a Pyrex((R)) cover piece with noble metal electrodes was bonded. The fluid to be dispensed is stored in a meander shaped reservoir which is part of the channel structure. This meander starts in an electrolyte solution containing reservoir, on top of which two noble metal electrodes are positioned. By the electrochemical production of gas bubbles by electrolysis of water at these electrodes, liquid can be driven out of the meander. The measured volume displacements were in close agreement with theory. Pump rates as low as a few nl/s could accurately be controlled via the actuation current through the electrodes. By applying current pulses rather than a continuous current, preset amounts of fluid in the nanoliter range could be dosed successfully. Because the resulting device consists of simple channel structures and metal electrodes it can easily be integrated in miniaturized chemical analysis systems to dose reagents or calibration solutions.     

原裂孔气液交换联合C_3F_8气体眼内填充在玻璃体视网膜手术中的应用

目的：评价视网膜玻璃体手术中利用原裂孔气液交换联合C3F8气体眼内填充治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的效果。方法：对51例（51眼）复杂性视网膜脱离患者采用环扎加压术加玻璃体切除术、利用原裂扎进行气液体交换（Fluid-Airexchange简称FA）后眼内填充C3F8气体,其中22例（22眼）行完全FA术,29例（29眼）行不全FA术。结果：观察术中并发症及术后1周眼内气量、眼压及视网膜复位情况,全FA组与不全FA组比较术后第1天眼内气体充满及始终未充满病例有明显差异（P＜0．05）,其余情况均无明显差异（P＞0．05）。结论：利用原裂孔进行气液交换,并采用不同剂量C3F8眼内填充是一种较为简单可行的手术方法。     

湿法纺制PEI／PES中空纤维气体分离共混膜

采用湿法纺丝工艺纺制了聚醚酰亚胺（ＰＥＩ）－聚苯醚砜（ＰＥＳ）中空纤维Ｈ２－Ｎ２和Ｈｅ－Ｎ２分离共混膜,得到Ｈ２和Ｈｅ的渗透通量及选择性为：ＪＨ２＝３６０ＧＰＵ,αＨ２／Ｎ２＝１６２,ＪＨｅ＝１８１ＧＰＵ,αＨｅ／Ｎ２＝７６．７;研究了芯液组成及其流量对膜性能的影响。通过扫描电镜,分析了中空纤维膜的结构,讨论了膜制备过程中的相转化原理。     

失血性休克动静脉血pH和PCO_2差变化及意义

目的：探讨不同程度低血容量性休克患者动静脉血ｐＨ差［ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）］及ＰＣＯ２差［ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）］的变化及临床意义。方法：观察３５例创伤失血性休克（轻度１５例、中重度２０例）ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）以及重度休克患者治疗过程中ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）动态变化及其预后。结果：随休克程度加重,ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）进行性增大;中重度休克ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）显著高于轻度休克和对照患者（Ｐ＜００１）,后二者无差别（Ｐ＞００５）;重度休克治疗过程中ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）持续增大者死亡率高。结论：低血容量性休克ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）随休克程度加重而增大,重度休克治疗期间ｐＨ（Ａ－Ｖ）及ＰＣＯ２（Ａ－Ｖ）持续增大,提示预后不良。     

六氟化硫气体治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离

目的： 探讨六氟化硫（ＳＦ６） 气体治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的价值。方法： 采用１００ ％ ＳＦ６ 气体玻璃体腔内注射３３ 例（３３ 眼） ,术后病人采取俯卧位１ 周。结果：３１ 例患者视网膜复位,中心暗区消失,视力均有不同程度的提高。结论：ＳＦ６ 气体治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离,简便易行,成功率高,术后视功能恢复好     

晶氧和碳酸氢钠改善第二产程母血酸碱平衡

对９９ 例经阴道分娩的产妇于第二产程开始时给予鼻导管吸氧,静脉滴注碳酸氢钠、过氧化氢碳酸酰胺（ 晶氧） ,于第二产程始末两次采母桡动脉血行血气分析。结果显示：晶氧碳酸氢钠联用组（ Ⅰ组）于第二产程结束时其ｐＨ,ＢＥ,ＰＯ２ 及Ｏ２ｓａｔ均显著高于对照组（ Ⅲ组）（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ 和＜ ０ ．０１） ,而ＰＯ２ 及Ｏ２ｓａｔ则无统计学差异;Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组ｐＨ,ＰＯ２ 及Ｏ２ｓａｔ 值于第二产程末较开始时显著升高（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ 和＜ ０ ．０１） ,ＢＥ 在该产程始末无统计学差异;Ⅲ组上述４ 指标明显下降（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５ 和＜ ０ ．０１） 。各组间及组内比较ＰＣＯ２ 均无明显变化。提示第二产程中常规给予纠酸,吸氧内给氧能有效地改善产妇过度消耗所致的酸中毒和缺氧倾向。     

An historical prospective study of mortality within a cohort of gas distribution workers

An historical prospective study of mortality within a cohort of 1,410 gas distribution workers was conducted. This cohort was followed for ten years (1971-1980) and data on 118 deaths were obtained. Five-year (1973-1977) averages of both St. Louis and United States age-specific mortality figures were used to create "expected" mortality rates for comparison with the observed deaths in the cohort. Analyses of the cohort were done according to: 1) person-years contributed during the study period (the "age-attained" method) and 2) the number of years from commencement of work in the company until the end of the study period (1980) or death (the "latency" methods of analysis, Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) were calculated for all causes of death, all malignant neoplasms, and for cardiovascular disease and malignant neoplasms of the respiratory and digestive systems. In no case was the SMR found to be beyond the range of what would be expected in the "standard" populations. While the present study does not contradict the negative findings of the one previous investigation of mortality of gas distribution workers, the limitations of small cohort size, reliance on death certificates and non-industrial comparison populations make any conclusions at best provisional.     

冰醋酸涂剂稳定性研究

目的：研究冰醋酸涂剂的稳定性。方法：采用酸碱中和分析法和气相色谱法分别对醋酸与其不稳定产物乙酸乙酯运行定量测定。结果：在放置过程中醋酸含量下降，而乙酸乙酯含量增加。结论：《中国医院制剂规范》第2版收载的冰醋酸涂剂不稳定。     

毛细管气相色谱柱顶空进样法测定利福平及氯诺昔康中有机溶剂残留量

 目的测定利福平及氯诺昔康中有机溶剂残留量。方法毛细管气相色谱柱顶空进样法，FID检测器。利福平以5%苯基甲基聚硅氧烷为固定相，柱温50℃；氯诺昔康以聚乙二醇为固定相，柱温50℃维持15min,以10℃·min^-1的速率升温至165℃,维持5min。结果甲醇、丙酮、氯仿、正丁醇线性关系r分别为0.9999，0.9999，0.9984，0.9998;平均回收率分别为96.0%，97.3%，81.1%，93.9%,RSD分别为2.7%，1.9%，8.8%，2.5%(n=5)。结论方法柱效高、灵敏、准确，适用于利福平及氯诺昔康中有机溶剂残留量测定。