Uricosuric effect of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) in normal and renal-stone former subjects

AIM OF THE STUDY: The Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) was investigated for its uricosuric effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A human model with nine subjects with no history of renal stones (non-renal stone, NS) and nine with a history of renal stones (RS) was used in this study. A cup of tea made from 1.5 g of dry Roselle calyces was provided to subjects twice daily (morning and evening) for 15 days. A clotted blood and two consecutive 24-h urine samples were collected from each subject three times: (1) at baseline (control); (2) on days 14 and 15 during the tea drinking period; and (3) 15 days after the tea drinking was stopped (washout). Serum and 24-h urinary samples were analyzed for uric acid and other chemical compositions related to urinary stone risk factors. RESULTS: All analyzed serum parameters were within normal ranges and similar; between the two groups of subjects and among the three periods. Vis-à-vis the urinary parameters, most of the baseline values for both groups were similar. After taking the tea, the trend was an increase in oxalate and citrate in both groups and uric acid excretion and clearance in the NS group. In the RS group, both uric acid excretion and clearance were significantly increased (p<0.01). When the fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUa) was calculated, the values were clearly increased in both the NS and SF groups after the intake of tea and returned to baseline values in the washout period. These changes were more clearly observed when the data for each subject was presented individually. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate a uricosuric effect of Roselle calyces. Since the various chemical constituents in Roselle calyces have been identified, the one(s) exerting this uricosuric effect need to be identified.     

基于文献报道的中药化学成分与CYP450s 相互作用研究

目的：使用复杂网络技术研究中药化学成分与CYP450s的关系,为中药分子机理研究和新药开发提供参考。方法：本文基于120篇文献报道,通过人工摘录的方式收集中药化学成分和CYP450s的相关信息,使用Cytoscape 2.8.2作为分析工具,构建化学成分与CYP450s的复杂网络图,并计算了点度中心度、接近中心度、中间中心度以及中药化学成分节点的相似度。结果：本文采集了169个中药化学成分和25种CYP450s的相关信息。CYP2C19、CYP1A2、CYP3A4等CYP450s和槲皮素、银杏内酯A、黄芩素等化学成分为目前研究的热点酶和热点中药化学成分。相似度较高的欧前胡素和银杏内酯B,槲皮素和黄芩素等化学成分可能存在协同相互作用。结论：复杂网络计算可以很好地辅助中药协同作用机理研究和新药开发工作。     

NGAL滤过分数在2型糖尿病患者中的临床意义

目的研究中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）在2型糖尿病患者血、尿中的表达,探讨其滤过分数在2型糖尿病患者中的临床意义。方法选择2型糖尿病患者118例及正常对照28例,根据尿白蛋白／肌酐比值（UACR）将患者分为三组,即UACR〈30mg／g的正常蛋白尿组64例,30mg／g≤UACR〈300m晚的微量白蛋白尿组36例,UACR≥300mg／g的大量白蛋白尿组18例。应用ELISA法测定各组血、尿中的NGAL的含量,常规方法测定血、尿肌酐等其它常用临床指标,按照BdignanoD提出公式计算NGAL滤过分数（FeNGAL）,按照Macisaac公式估算GFR,统计分析FeNGAL与常用临床指标的相关性。结果（1）DM患者FeNGAL均明显高于正常对照组;三组间呈递增改变且差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;（2）FeNGAL与胱抑素C、UACR成正相关（R分别为0．279,0．485）,与eGFR成负相关（R=-0．235）。结论FeNGAL可早期反映DM患者肾脏损害程度,且优于尿微量白蛋白及单一血、尿NGAL。     

妊娠期口服葡萄糖负荷试验合理血糖界值的探讨

目的 探讨目前适合我国卫生经济条件的妊娠期葡萄糖负荷试验(GCT)的筛查界值.方法 资料来源于2006年4月1日至2006年9月30日在全国18个城市25家医院保健并进行首次50 g GCT的16 286例孕妇,对其GCT结果进行统计和分析.结果 以NDDG标准诊断妊娠期糖尿病(GDM),50 g GCT的界值选取7.2 mmol/L时的敏感度和特异度分别为98.2%和59.0%,选取7.8 mmol/L时分别为96.0%和73.0%,选取8.3 mmol/L时分别为90.2%和81.5%;以ADA标准诊断GDM,选取GCT界值为7.2 mmol/L时敏感度为97.9%,特异度为60.4%;选取7.8 mmol/L时分别为96.2%和74.7%;而选取8.3 mmol/L则分别为87.0%和83.1%.以NDDG标准诊断妊娠期糖代谢异常(包括GDM及妊娠期糖耐量受损),选取7.2 mmol/L时敏感度和特异度分别为97.7%和61.4%,选取7.8 mmol/L时分别为95.4%和75.8%,选取8.3 mmol/L时分别为84.9%和84.1%.结论 据我国目前的卫生经济情况,以7.8 mmol/L作为50 g GCT的界值是合理的.     

团体活动对护生社会主义核心价值观的影响

目的:分析团体活动对护生社会主义核心价值观的影响。方法:组织北京某医学院校2012级护理专业本科生58人进行团体活动,具体包括5个主题:1)观《建党伟业》与认识自我;2)谈国家要事与角色定位;3)学"四进四信"与共筑中国梦;4)游历史博物馆与讨论价值观;5)分组讨论,总结收获。共进行5次活动,1次/周,1.5~2h/次。采用《青少年社会主义核心价值观问卷》分别于团体活动前后进行调查并分析比较。结果:护生社会主义核心价值观、政治价值观、社会价值观、发展价值观、国家价值观及荣辱观评分在团体活动前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。但荣辱观维度的辛勤劳动条目与团体活动前比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:团体活动有助于提高护生社会主义核心价值观,护生的辛勤劳动品质有待于进一步加强。     

危重症患者血清降钙素原测定对细菌感染的诊断价值

目的评价血清降钙素原（PCT）对危重患者感染诊断的临床价值。方法100例患者分为：细菌感染组56例;非细菌感染组44例,采用微量双夹心免疫发光法测定血清PCT水平。结果细菌感染组血清PET浓度（21．54±5．72）μg／L,明显高于非细菌感染组（11．95±4．58）μg／L（t=2．291,P〈0．05）;细菌感染组APACHEⅢ评分（62．44±19．55）分明显高于非细菌感染组（44．56±25．88）分（t=2．195,P〈0．05）,PCT浓度1．0μg/L和2．0μg/L比较,前者敏感度（96．5）％高于后者（55．2）％（X2=3．94,P〈0．05）,前者特异度（41．7）％低于后者（95．8）％（X2=4．02,P〈0．05）;1．5μg/L作为阳性标准时Youden指数和Agreement（83．0％,0．65）,明显高于1μg/L和2μg/L（71．7％,0．38;73．6％,0．51）（X2=3．84,X2=3．90,X2=3．99,0=3．91,P〈0．05）;死亡组PCT含量（38．9±12．6）μg/L明显高于存活组（11．8±8．3）μg/L（t=2．398,P〈0．05）。结论血清PCT检测对危重患者细菌感染的早期诊断及指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

屈光不正性弱视儿童白质结构变化的扩散张量成像(DTI)分析

目的 应用扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)技术和确定性追踪全脑分析法评估双眼屈光不正弱视儿童脑白质神经纤维结构的异常,并分析其与视力的相关性.方法 收集中南大学湘雅二医院眼科14例临床确诊双眼屈光不正性弱视患儿为试验组,14例正常儿童为对照组.所有儿童均采用磁共振成像系统进行扫描,行常规MRI检查、3DTlWI扫描,及平面回波序列(EPI)扫描得到扩散加权成像.运用确定性追踪法对所有DTI图像进行定量分析,将研究组部分各向异性(fractional anisotropy,FA)值、纤维束体积及纤维束数目显著改变的纤维束作为感兴趣区,与视力之间作相关性分析.结果 试验组相比对照组在右侧腹侧通路和背侧通路、右侧视辐射及胼胝体FA值下降,双侧腹侧通路和背侧通路、左侧视辐射、胼胝体体部纤维束体积相比对照组下降,右侧背侧通路纤维束数目相比对照组减少.FA值、纤维束数目和纤维束体积之间,FA值与视力的回归系数最大,纤维束数目和纤维束体积回归系数小,右侧视辐射、右侧腹侧通路及胼胝体体部的FA值与视力的相关系数分别为0.486、0.534和0.456,右侧腹侧通路FA值与视力的相关系数最大.结论 屈光不正性弱视患者双侧视辐射、双侧腹侧背侧通路及胼胝体体部白质纤维束结构均有异常,可导致屈光不正弱视患者物体识别、空间位置及运动识别能力减退.右侧腹侧通路FA值对视力的影响最大.     

呼出气一氧化氮指导支气管哮喘患者使用吸入性糖皮质激素治疗效果的研究

目的:对呼出气一氧化氮(fractional exhaled nitric oxide,FeNO)指导支气管哮喘患者使用吸入性糖皮质激素(in-haled corticosteroids,ICS)治疗效果的分析.方法:选取2019年1-12月在南京鼓楼医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的支气管哮喘患者,共38例,根据初始FeN...     

Fronto-limbic white matter microstructural changes in psychiatrically healthy adults with childhood trauma

Childhood trauma (CT) may influence brain white matter microstructure; however, few studies have examined the differential impact of distinct CT types on white matter microstructure in psychiatrically healthy adults living in a developing country. In adults without significant medical or psychiatric disorders, we investigated the association(s) between CT, including abuse and neglect, and fractional anisotropy (FA) of limbic tracts previously shown to be associated with CT. Participants underwent diffusion tensor imaging and completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance models were used to test the effects of total overall CT, as well as CT subtypes, on FA in six fronto-limbic tracts, adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. The final sample included 69 adults (age 47 ± 17 years; 70% female). Overall, CT had a significant main effect on FA for tracts of interest (p < .001). Greater CT severity was associated with lower FA for the bilateral and left stria terminalis (uncorrected) as well as the bilateral, left, and right anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC; corrected). Exposure to total non-violent/deprivational trauma specifically was associated with lower FA of the bilateral, left, and right ALIC, suggesting that distinct types of CT are associated with differential white matter changes in apparently healthy adults. The ALIC predominantly carries fibers connecting the thalamus with prefrontal cortical regions. Microstructural alterations in the ALIC may be associated with functional brain changes, which may be adaptive or increase the risk of accelerated age-related cognitive decline, maladaptive behaviors, and subsyndromal psychiatric symptoms.