18F-FDG与18F-FLT PET/CT延迟显像对肺结节诊断效能的评价

目的 通过对多中心、前瞻性研究中接受了18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)与18F-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷(FLT)延迟显像病例的分析,探讨18F-FDG与18F-FLT延迟显像对肺结节诊断的效能.方法 6个PET/CT中心,从2006年1月至2007年6月,按照统一标准,采用同机型、同一扫描条件,开展了肺结节样病变18F-FLT和18F-FDG PET/CT显像的多中心临床研究.在经确诊的55例病例中,25例患者进行了18F-FLT显像和延迟显像,34例患者进行了18F-FDG延迟显像.按常规计算延迟显像时病灶最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)及与早期显像时SUVmax相比的变化率(△SUVmax).对照临床确诊结果分析其诊断效能.采用SPSS11.0软件进行统计学处理.结果 18F-FDG延迟显像患者中,6例肺癌中5例、12例结核中9例、16例炎症或其他良性结节中9例的SUVmax较早期相升高.18F-FLT延迟显像组中,7例肺癌中3例、8例结核中3例和10例其他良性病灶中2例的SUVmax上升.经分组统计分析,不同疾病组间18F-FDG延迟显像SUVmax和△SUVmax差异无统计学意义;18F-FLT延迟显像SUVmax和△SUVmax组间差异也无统计学意义.无论18F-FDG还是18F-FLT,延迟显像的诊断效能均不如早期相.无论早期还是延迟显像,单独18F-FDG或18F-FLT显像的诊断效能均不如二者联合应用.结论 18F-FDG和18F-FLT延迟显像的SUVmax变化规律性不强,不宜单独应用于肺结节的鉴别诊断.     

膀胱肿瘤2350例临床病理学特点分析

目的 探讨膀胱肿瘤的发病现状、总体趋势和病理特点.方法 整理1980-2007年2350例膀胱肿瘤病理档案,分为1980-1989、1990-1999和2000-2007年3个时间段.应用SPSS 13.0软件分析3时间段患者性别、年龄及肿瘤组织学类型间的关系.结果 2350例膀胱肿瘤中男1854例,女496例.良性92例,恶性2258例,膀胱恶性肿瘤的发病人数逐年上升.发病高峰年龄从50～69岁推迟到60～79岁.1980-1989、1990-1999和2000-2007年3个时间段中男、女恶性肿瘤病例数分别为524例和113例(4.64:11 00)、589例和164例(3.59:1.00)、675例和193例(3.50:1.00),男性约为女性的3.80倍;3时间段男性发生膀胱尿路上皮癌年龄分别为(57.5±11.7)、(62.6±12.3)、(65.9±11.3)岁,女性分别为(58.7±13.6)、(60.7±12.1)、(65.8±12.0)岁,男女各年龄段分别比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).男性发生鳞状细胞癌、尿路上皮癌和腺癌年龄分别为(68.05±9.7)、(59.85±14.1)、(63.4±9.9)岁,差异有统计学意义(P相似文献   

多节段髓内星形细胞瘤的临床研究

目的 探讨不同年龄段、恶性程度不同的多节段髓内星形细胞瘤患者的诊治特点.方法 21例多节段(3个椎体节段以上)髓内星形细胞瘤患者均行后正中入路显微镜下肿瘤切除术,以UOA分值差(术后UOA和术前UOA差值)评估手术效果.以Logistic回归和多元线性同归分析统计学数据.结果 肿瘤性质直接影响肿瘤的切除程度(X2=10.41,P=0.03),高度恶性肿瘤只能大部切除或减压.年龄(X2=12.53,P=0.01)、肿瘤性质(X2=16.44,P=0.002)和部位(X2=27.12,P=0.04)影响近期手术效果(UOA分值差);青少年患者、低度恶性肿瘤手术效果较好,单纯累及胸段的患者手术效果差.结论 低度恶性或青少年多节段髓内星形细胞瘤患者应尽早手术,术后疗效满意.     

Age determines memory for face identity and expression

Background: The recognition of facial expressions is an important component of emotion processing which contributes to interactional behavior. One of the factors highly associated with potential decline of ability in behavioral tasks is age. Methods: We have investigated age‐related changes in facial identity and expression memory of healthy subjects in three age groups: young adults (20–40 years), elderly adults (60–80 years) and, for the first time in the literature, very old adults (over 80 years of age). Using a picture test, photographs of faces with happy or angry expressions were presented to study participants during the encoding task, and the memory for identity and emotional facial expression was investigated in a subsequent recognition task showing emotionally neutral faces. Half of the faces presented in the recognition task were initially shown in the encoding task. Results: Age interacted with the memory process: the ability to recognize both facial identity and emotional expression declined with advanced age. Happy facial expressions were better recognized in all age groups. Although there was a continuous overall decrease in recognition of both happy and angry expressions with advanced age, the effect favoring happy facial expressions was stable also in very old adults. Other factors such as gender or educational level did not affect the memory process for facial expressions. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that age is a significant determinant of memory for facial identity and emotional expression, and that, similar to younger adults, the recognition process of the elderly favors happy emotional facial expressions.     

原位杂交法检测BP1基因在乳腺癌组织中表达

目的探讨BP1同源盒基因在乳腺癌中的表达及其与临床病理指标的关系。方法收集165例乳腺癌临床和病理资料,采用原位杂交法检测BP1的表达,同时用二步法进行ER、p53、PCNA、bcl2、cerbB2免疫组化染色。结果BP1基因表达率为67.88%,免疫组化:ER70.30%、p5349.09%、PCNA74.55%、bcl253.33%、cerbB275.52%。BP1与bcl2具有相关性(P<0.01),且均与ER相关(P<0.05),与p53呈负相关(P<0.05)。BP1与PCNA、cerbB2、患者年龄、组织学类型、淋巴结转移等无相关性。结论BP1可能通过某种非依赖p53基因调控机制,与bcl2、ER协同抑制肿瘤细胞的凋亡而参与乳腺癌的发生。     

"Three-Grade Criteria" of Radical Resection for Primary Liver Cancer

OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to develop the "ThreeGrade Criteria" for radical resection of primary liver cancer (PLC) and to evaluate its clinical significance.METHODS Criteria for radical resection of PLC were summed up to 3 grades based on criterion development. Grade I: complete removal of all gross tumors with no residual tumor at the excision margin. Grade Ⅱ: on or the primary branches of the portal vein, the common hepatic duct or its dition to the above criteria, negative postoperative follow-up result including AFP dropping to a normal level (with positive AFP before surgery)within 2 months after operation, and no residual tumor upon diagnostic imaging.The clinical data from 354 patients with PLC who underwent hepatectomy were reviewed retrospectively. Based on the "Three-Grade Criteria" these patients were divided into 6 groups: Grade Ⅰ radical group,Grade Ⅰ palliative group, Grade Ⅱ radical group, Grade Ⅱ palliative group,Grade Ⅲ radical group, Grade Ⅲ palliative group. The survival rate of each group was calculated by the life-table method and the rates compared among the groups.RESULTS The survival rate of patients receiving radical treatment was better than those receiving palliative treatment (P＜0.01). Survival improved as more criteria were applied. The 5-year survival rate of the patients in Grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ who underwent radical resection was 43.2%,51.2% and 64.4%, respectively (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION The "Three-Grade Criteria" may be applied for judging the curability of resection therapy for PLC. The stricter the criterion used,the better the survival would be. Adopting high-grade criteria to select cases and guide operations and strengthening postoperative follow-up would improve the results of hepatectomy for PLC.     

电视纵隔镜手术在肺癌分期中的应用价值

背景与目的　随着新辅助治疗方案的提出,以及人们逐渐认识到CT和PET等检查在肺癌分期中的局限性,纵隔镜手术在肺癌分期中的价值日益受到人们的重视。本研究旨在探讨电视纵隔镜手术在肺癌纵隔淋巴结分期中的应用价值。方法　回顾性总结2001年9月至2004年6月60例经电视纵隔镜检查的肺癌患者的临床资料,其中颈部电视纵隔镜手术52例,胸骨旁电视纵隔镜手术2 例,颈部加胸骨旁电视纵隔镜手术6例。术前所有患者胸部CT均发现纵隔淋巴结肿大(直径大于1.0 cm)。结果　本组60 例患者,经电视纵隔镜检查证实纵隔淋巴结转移(阳性)者42例,未见纵隔淋巴结转移(阴性)者18例。纵隔淋巴结阳性者放弃手术,予以化疗;阴性者中转开胸行肺叶切除或肺楔形切除加纵隔淋巴结清扫,术后病理证实17 例纵隔淋巴结未见转移,1例隆凸后淋巴结可见癌转移(电视纵隔镜检查假阴性)。电视纵隔镜手术敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为97.7%、100%和98.3%。本组术中发生无名动脉撕裂1 例,并发症发生率为1.7%(1/60)。无围手术期死亡。结论　电视纵隔镜手术安全、可靠,可作为明确肺癌分期的常规方法。     

环氧合酶-2反义核酸对膀胱癌细胞恶性表型的抑制作用

目的探讨环氧合酶-2(COX-2)反义核酸对膀胱癌细胞恶性表型的抑制作用。方法采用脂质体介导方法,分别构建转染COX-2反义真核表达载体和空载体的膀胱癌细胞系5637-AS细胞和5637-P细胞,RT-PCR及W estern b lot分析转染细胞COX-2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平。MTT比色实验、Boyden侵袭小室法和裸鼠成瘤实验分别检测转染细胞体外增殖速度、体外侵袭力和体内成瘤性。结果RT-PCR结果显示,5637-AS细胞COX-2/磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)mRNA比值(0.65)明显低于5637(0.92)和5637-P细胞(0.90);W estern b lot提示5637-AS细胞COX-2/β-actin比值(0.29)明显低于5637细胞(0.46)和5637-P细胞(0.44)。MTT比色实验显示5637-AS细胞较5637-P、5637细胞生长速度减慢,三者倍增时间分别为3.6 d、2.9 d和2.9 d。体外侵袭实验结果表明,5637-AS侵袭细胞数显著低于5637细胞及5637-P细胞(18.20±5.97比45.40±8.12,18.20±5.97比44.10±6.47,P<0.01)。裸鼠成瘤实验中,5637-P、5637细胞接种裸鼠后第5天肿瘤长出,而5637-AS细胞第7天肿瘤长出;30 d后5637-AS细胞接种组瘤体重量(392.15 mg±33.58 mg)明显小于5637细胞(738.26 mg±66.32 mg),和5637-P细胞接种组(698.53 mg±88.76 mg),P<0.01。结论膀胱癌细胞中COX-2过表达与细胞的恶性表型相关,反义技术抑制COX-2表达可以逆转膀胱癌细胞的恶性表型。     

148例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的临床统计及随访观察

本文将我科1974年至1983年收治的148例口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤就性别、年龄、发病部位、肿瘤性质以及所随访的102例口腔领面部恶肿瘤的存活率与肿瘤性质、部位、治疗等的关系进行了统计分析,并评价了冷冻治疗及颈淋巴结根治术。同时阐明了唇癌、皮肤癌淋巴结根治术的指征。     

儿童颅骨肿物的诊断和治疗

目的 探讨儿童颅骨肿物的常见病理类型、临床特点和治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析25例手术治疗的儿童颅骨肿物病例，对其临床症状、影像学资料、治疗方法以及生存情况等进行分析研究。结果 全切除手术15例，近全切除手术6例，部分切除手术3例，1例行活检手术。随访20例患儿，85％的患儿手术后基本恢复了正常的生活，2例生活需要照顾，随访期间死亡的患儿1例。结论 儿童颅骨肿物的诊断和治疗相对有别于成人。积极的手术治疗可以达到明确诊断，延缓神经功能缺损的发展，延长患儿的生存期以及美容等目的。