计算流体力学在组织工程中的应用进展

目的~fc;ff0;计算流f53;力学�ff08;computational fluid dynamics�ff0c;CFD�ff09;在组织工程中的应用fdb;展。方法קf;泛查阅 CFD 应用于组织工程的vf8;关文献�ff0c;主要[f9; CFD 用于ݑf;物反应器设计改ࠦf;或f18;化、模حf;f53;外组织再ݑf;fc7;程中的流f53;动力学和细胞ݑf;ॗf;动力学等方面fdb;行~fc;ff0;。结果CFD 的模حf;预测€fd;力Ծf;为ݑf;物反应器的设计f18;化和f53;外组织工程组织Wf9;养提f9b;重要的指[fc;f5c;用�ff0c;且结合实验研究€fd;fdb;一步提高模型预测结果的准确性。结论CFD f5c;为新兴和有效的研究工具�ff0c;]f2;在组织工程中展现Qfa;独特f18;ԫf;并取f97;显著fdb;展�ff0c;f46;ff4;全面、准确地模حf;组织再ݑf;全fc7;程仍需fdb;一步研究。     

脊柱肿瘤切除术后 3D 打印假体重建的近期疗效

目的总结在脊gf1;ࠋf;瘤切除ٲf;后采用 3D 打印假f53;重^fa;的fd1;ٱf;疗效。方法2019 年 6 月—2020 年6 月�ff0c;[f9; 5 f8b;脊gf1;ࠋf;瘤患者行ࠋf;瘤f7b;底切除后�ff0c;采用 3D 打印假f53;植入f85;助内Vfa;定重^fa;脊gf1;稳定性。男 4 f8b;�ff0c;女 1 f8b;�ff1b;年 f84; 27�ff5e;71 岁�ff0c;平均 50.4 岁。病程 3�ff5e;24 个月�ff0c;平均 9.5 个月。Թf;发ࠋf;瘤 3 f8b;�ff0c;f6c;yfb;瘤 2 f8b;。ࠋf;瘤fb5;ܪf; C₅ 1 f8b;、T₆ 2 f8b;、T₁₂ 1 f8b;、L₂ 1 f8b;。ٲf;前 Frankel 分级均为 E 级�ff0c;疼痛视觉模حf;评分�ff08;VAS�ff09;为�ff08;5.0±2.0�ff09;分�ff0c;Karnofsky ԩf;€fd;状态评分为�ff08;64.0±15.2�ff09;分。ٲf;后给予[f9;应放化疗、fc0;素等f85;助治疗。 结果手ٲf;ef6;•f4;为 180�ff5e;525 min�ff0c;平均 348 min�ff1b;ٲf;中Qfa;血जf; 200�ff5e;2 800 mL�ff0c;平均 1 380 mL。切口均Ⅰٱf;愈合。患者均获२f;ࢻf;�ff0c;२f;ࢻf;ef6;•f4; 5�ff5e;14 个月�ff0c;平均 10.6 个月。ٲf;后除 1 f8b;Qfa;现Sf3;fa7; C₅ 神߬f;根麻uf9;外�ff0c;其f59;患者均无并发症发ݑf;。末次२f;ࢻf;ef6;�ff0c;VAS 评分为�ff08;0.8±0.8�ff09;分�ff0c;Karnofsky ԩf;€fd;状态评分为�ff08;86.0±15.2�ff09;分�ff0c;与ٲf;前比f83;差f02;均有߭f;计学ؐf;义�ff08;P<0.05�ff09;�ff1b;神߬f;ԩf;€fd;无明显变化�ff1b;f71;Ԍf;学复查示患者均无局部复发�ff0c;内Vfa;定物及假f53;f4d;f6e;ࠦf;好�ff0c;假f53;与骨界面融合。 结论脊gf1;ࠋf;瘤切除ٲf;后采用 3D 打印假f53;重^fa;脊gf1;稳定性安全Ծf;行�ff0c;Ծf;获f97;f83;好fd1;ٱf;疗效。     

Decreased phospholipase A2 activity in the brain and in platelets of patients with Alzheimer's disease

Phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of membrane phospholipids. PLA₂ influences the processing and secretion of the amyloid precursor protein, which give rise to the f01578313026t875/xxlarge946.gif" alt="beta" align="MIDDLE" BORDER="0">-amyloid peptide, the major component of the amyloid plaque in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the PLA₂ activity in two samples: in post-mortem brains from 23 patients with AD and 20 non-demented elderly controls, and platelets from 16 patients with a diagnosis of probable AD, 13 healthy controls and 14 elderly patients with a major depression. In AD brains PLA₂ activity was significantly decreased in the parietal, and to a lesser degree in the frontal, cortex. Lower PLA₂ activity correlated significantly with an earlier onset of the disease, an earlier age at death and higher counts of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. In platelets PLA₂ activity was also significantly reduced in the AD group as compared with healthy and depressed controls. The reduction of the enzyme activity in platelets correlated with an early disease onset and with the severity of cognitive impairment, indicating a relationship between abnormally low PLA₂ activity and a more severe form of the illness. The present results provide new evidence for a disordered phospholipid metabolism in AD brains and suggest that reduced PLA₂ activity may contribute to the production of amyloidogenic peptides in the disease. Further studies are needed to examine whether PLA₂ activity in platelets may be useful as a peripheral marker for a subgroup of patients with AD.     

雷公藤对雄性大鼠脑垂体前叶黄体生成细胞的影响

利用抗β-黄体生成素(β-LH)单克隆抗体,采用免疫组织化学方法,并结合电镜超微结构,观察雷公藤总甙(GTW)和单体T_4对雄性大鼠脑垂体前叶黄体生成细胞(LH细胞)的影响。结果表明,LH细胞出现一些形态改变。随着雷公藤剂量的增加,LH细胞胞浆内免疫酶反应增强,胞浆内出现空泡。超微结构也显示,LH细胞胞核皱缩,胞浆内高尔基复合体和内质网肿胀,在总甙组和T_4大剂量组,LH细胞类似“阉割细胞”样变。提示雷公藤的抗生育作用类似去性腺效应.     

Risco Cardiometabólico em Crianças e Adolescentes: O Paradoxo entre Índice de Massa Corporal e Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória

BackgroundCardiometabolic risk has been shown to be inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and positively associated with body mass index (BMI).ObjectiveOur objective was to analyze the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with combined BMI and CRF in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil.MethodsCross-sectional study with a sample of 1252 schoolchildren aged seven to 17 years. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides (TG), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were evaluated. CRF and BMI were grouped into one variable and the schoolchildren were classified as eutrophic/fit, eutrophic/unfit, overweight-obese/fit, and overweight-obese/unfit. Crude and adjusted analyzes were performed using Poisson Regression and an alpha of 0.05 was adopted.ResultsOverweight-obese and fit schoolchildren showed a prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.50 (1.04 – 2.16) for altered TG, 3.05 (2.05 – 4.54) for elevated SBP, and 2.70 (1.87 – 3.88) for elevated DBP. Overweight-obese and unfit schoolchildren showed a PR for high TC of 1.24 (1.11 – 1.39) and 1.51(1.11 – 2.04) for low HDL levels. In addition, they had a risk of 2.07 (1.60 – 2.69) for altered TG, 3.36 (2.31 – 4.60) for elevated SBP and 2.42 (1.76 – 3.32) for altered DBP.ConclusionBMI played a central role in the association with risk and CRF was shown to attenuate the association between risk factors and obesity. Overweight-obese children and adolescents had a higher cardiometabolic risk, but the effect size was larger among the unfit.     

中等剂量糖皮质激素治疗激素敏感肾病综合征复发患儿的前瞻性随机对照研究

目的比f83;不同剂जf;糖皮质fc0;素�ff08;glucocorticoid�ff0c;GC�ff09;治疗fc0;素ٔf;ؑf;肾病~fc;合f81;�ff08;steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome�ff0c;SSNS�ff09;复发患ԓf;的有效性及࠶f;物不ࠦf;反应。方法选取2017年11月f3;2019年12月在首fd;ԓf;科研究所附属ԓf;童医院肾ࠐf;内科f4f;院并诊断为SSNS复发的患ԓf;67f8b;为研究[f9;象�ff0c;२f;机分为中जf;GC组�ff08;n=32�ff09;和足जf;GC组�ff08;n=35�ff09;。比f83;两组患ԓf;׃f;蛋白f6c;阴、6个月内复发和fc0;素不ࠦf;反应发ݑf;情况。结果中जf;GC组׃f;蛋白f6c;阴率为91%�ff0c;足जf;GC组为94%�ff0c;两组比f83;差f02;无߭f;计学ؐf;义�ff08;P>0.05�ff09;。6个月内中जf;GC组复发率为41%�ff0c;足जf;GC组为36%�ff0c;差f02;无߭f;计学ؐf;义�ff08;P>0.05�ff09;。२f;ࢻf;6个月ef6;�ff0c;中जf;GC组患ԓf;lfc;尼松ߒf;ޞf;जf;为�ff08;87±18�ff09;mg/kg�ff0c;显著f4e;于足जf;GC组患ԓf;�ff3b;�ff08;98±16�ff09;mg/kg�ff3d;�ff08;P=0.039�ff09;�ff1b;中जf;GC组6%患ԓf;Qfa;现f53;重f02;常增加�ff0c;显著f4e;于足जf;GC组�ff08;33%�ff09;�ff08;P=0.045�ff09;。logistic回f52;分析显示�ff0c;入组复发ef6;lfc;尼松剂जf;≥10 mg/隔日�ff0c;٢f;२f;ࢻf;6个月内SSNS患ԓf;复发的危险因素�ff08;P=0.018�ff09;。结论[f9;于SSNS复发患ԓf;�ff0c;应用中剂जf;GC治疗方案�ff0c;其6个月内‹f1;[fc;f13;解、复发情况f83;足जf;GC治疗方案无显著差f02;�ff0c;而6个月内GCߒf;ޞf;剂जf;和不ࠦf;反应f83;׀f;。     

脐带挤压与延迟断脐对胎龄<34周早产儿早期预后影响的Meta分析

目的分析脐带挤压与^f6;fdf;断脐[f9;胎 f84;<34周早产ԓf;早ٱf;预后的f71;响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、中Vfd;知f51;、万方数据库、~f4;普数据库和中Vfd;ݑf;物医学文献服务|fb;߭f;数据库从^fa;库到2021年11月发表的胎 f84;<34周早产ԓf;脐带挤压与^f6;fdf;断脐的२f;机[f9;照试验。由2名研究人员根据纳入和排除标准�ff0c;独立[f9;文献fdb;行筛选和质जf;评Nf7;�ff0c;并提取数据�ff0c;采用Review Manger 5.4fdb;行Meta分析。结果最终纳入11篇文献�ff0c;共1 621f8b;早产ԓf;�ff0c;其中脐带挤压组809f8b;�ff0c;^f6;fdf;断脐组812f8b;。Meta分析结果显示�ff0c;与^f6;fdf;断脐vf8;比�ff0c;脐带挤压提高了早产ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;后平均血压�ff08;WMD=3.61�ff0c;95%CI�ff1a;0.73~6.50�ff0c;P=0.01�ff09;�ff0c;f46;增加了早产ԓf;严重脑室内Qfa;血的发ݑf;率�ff08;RR=1.83�ff0c;95%CI�ff1a;1.08~3.09�ff0c;P=0.02�ff09;�ff0c;两者在早产ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;后血红蛋白水平、红细胞压ޞf;、f93;血率、光疗率、血清胆红素\f0;值及脑室周Vf4;白质f6f;化、մf;死性׀f;肠结肠炎等并发症发ݑf;的f71;响差f02;均无߭f;计学ؐf;义�ff08;P>0.05�ff09;。结论与^f6;fdf;断脐vf8;比�ff0c;脐带挤压Ծf;€fd;增加胎 f84;<34周早产ԓf;严重脑室内Qfa;血的风险�ff0c;f46;仍需ff4;多高质जf;、大样本的२f;机[f9;照试验fdb;一步证实。     

中国11市93 720例胎龄24~42周单胎儿出生体重曲线及其地区差异特征

目的研制胎 f84;24~42周单胎新ݑf;ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;�ff0c;并探讨其地区差f02;特f81;。方法在中Vfd;11市�ff08;海口、קf;州、mf1;圳、gf3;州、桂林、泉州、重庆、成fd;、ॗf;沙、宁波、fde;云ۢf;�ff09;选择年分娩जf;7 000f8b;以上的11家妇幼fdd;健院�ff0c;纳入其2017年1月1日f3;2020年12月31日分娩的全部活产单胎新ݑf;ԓf;fdb;行Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;研制。结果纳入了11市合计93 720f8b;胎 f84;24~42周单胎新ݑf;ԓf;fdb;行研究。^fa;立了中Vfd;11市合计及各市单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重3rd~97th百分f4d;数参考值�ff0c;并绘制了Qfa;ݑf;f53;重百分f4d;ff2;߫f;Vfe;。mf1;圳市和泉州市单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;水平与中Vfd;11市合计单胎ԓf;水平Wfa;本vf8;同�ff1b;海口市、קf;州市、桂林市、gf3;州市单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;水平略f4e;于中Vfd;11市合计单胎ԓf;水平�ff1b;重庆市、成fd;市、ॗf;沙市单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;水平略高于中Vfd;11市合计单胎ԓf;水平�ff1b;宁波市和fde;云ۢf;市单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;高于中Vfd;11市合计单胎ԓf;水平。中Vfd;11市合计单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;与中Vfd;Դf;f5c;f51;2011~2014年单胎ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重ff2;߫f;非常接fd1;。结论制定了中Vfd;11市合计及各市单胎新ݑf;ԓf;Qfa;ݑf;f53;重3rd~97th百分f4d;数参考值�ff0c;Ծf;f5c;为该区սf;新ݑf;ԓf;宫内ݑf;ॗf;评Nf7;的参考标准。部分地区新ݑf;ԓf;宫内ݑf;ॗf;水平与全Vfd;水平有差f02;。