超声引导下Vacora旋切术在乳腺多发良性疾病中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下真空辅助旋切系统(Vacora旋切系统)在乳腺多发(一侧乳腺病灶≥3个)良性病灶治疗中的应用价值。方法 2009年2月~2010年6月应用真空辅助旋切系统(美国巴德公司Vacora系统)对17例经B超检查发现直径≤3 cm的79个良性乳房肿瘤进行实时超声引导旋切,术后2 d,2个月及6个月对患者行超声随访,并将手术区超声图像与术前病灶图像进行对比分析,观察有无血肿,肿瘤残留及美容效果。结果所有乳腺多发病灶均准确并完整切除,经病理诊断均为良性。17例随访1~16个月,平均7.6月,1例术后14 d复查可见血肿形成,术后2个月血肿完全消失;1例术后3个月复查发现残留,继续跟踪随访;所有患者皮肤切口愈合良好,无明显切口瘢痕。结论超声引导下Vacora旋切系统对乳腺多发良性病灶切除效果好,具有美观、微创、安全、并发症少等优点。     

Limb lengthening over plate

Background:

The limb lengthening over plate eliminates the associated risk of infection with limb lengthening over intramedullary nail. We present our experience of limb lengthening in 15 patients with a plate fixed on the proximal segment, followed by corticotomy and application of external fixator.

Materials and Methods:

15 patients (7 females, 8 males) were included in this consecutive series. The average age was 18.1 years (range 8–35 years). Fifteen tibiae and one femur were lengthened in 15 patients. Lengthening was achieved at 1 mm/day followed by distal segment fixation with three or four screws on reaching the target length.

Results:

The preoperative target length was successfully achieved in all patients at a mean of 4.1 cm (range 1.8–6.5 cm). The mean duration of external fixation was 75.3 days (range 33–116 days) with the mean external fixation index at 19.2 days/cm (range 10.0–38.3 days/cm). One patient suffered deep infection up to the plate, three patients had mild procurvatum deformities, and one patient developed mild tendo achilles contracture.

Conclusion:

Lengthening over a plate allows early removal of external fixator and eliminates the risk of creating deep intramedullary infection as with lengthening over nail. Lengthening over plate is also applicable to children with open physis.     

Tile C型骨盆骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨手术治疗Tile C型骨盆骨折的疗效。方法采用后路门形钢板固定后环加外固定架固定前环手术治疗36例Tile C型骨盆骨折患者。结果 36例均获随访,时间8～29个月。患者切口均一期愈合,无针道感染,无螺钉及外固定松动、断裂,无骨折复位丢失。骨折均骨性愈合,患者均恢复行走功能。手术效果根据Matta和Tornetta标准评定:优25例,良9例,可2例,优良率为94.4%。术后功能恢复根据Majeed标准评定:优22例,良11例,可3例,优良率为91.7%。结论后路门形钢板固定后环加外固定架固定前环治疗Tile C型骨盆骨折,手术操作简单,创伤小,固定牢靠,术后并发症少,疗效满意。     

运用医院信息系统完善传染病疫情报告与管理

目的 使用医院信息系统完善传染病疫情报告与管理,减少漏报、迟报、错报等现象的发生,提高工作效率与质量。方法 通过医院信息系统,实现传染病诊断自动识别与拦截、报告卡自动生成、填报项目逻辑校验、报告卡内审管理、内外网互联互通一键上报、与传染病有关阳性检查结果自动反馈、具有统计与查询等功能等。结果 传染病漏报率由12.7%下降至2.1%,迟报率由35.4%下降至5.4%,报卡合格率由54.3%上升至98.3%,以上3项指标差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01)。完成传染病卡填写和报告的时间缩短、流程简化,传染病报告核对、查询与统计效率提高。结论 通过医院信息系统报告与管理传染病,可以从根本上杜绝迟报、漏报与错报的发生,提高报告质量,方便报告查询与统计分析,减轻了临床负担,做到了无纸化闭环管理,提高了工作效率。     

Comparison of Tibial Tubercle Landmark Technique and Range of Motion Technique in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study

ObjectiveThere is not a standard for rotational alignment of the tibial component in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). For now, the most commonly methods are tibial‐tubercle ‐landmark technique (TTL) and range‐of‐motion technique (ROM). The study is aimed to compare clinical outcomes and radiographic data of patients who undergone primary TKA with TTL or ROM technique.MethodsThis single‐surgeon retrospective cohort study includes 60 patients with TTL technique and 60 with ROM technique from December 2017 to January 2019. All patients were evaluated clinically using Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score (HSS), Feller patellar score, visual analogue scale (VAS) and maximum knee flexion and extension angle before and after surgery at both 6 months and 12 months postoperatively. Radiographic data contain hip‐knee‐ankle angle (HKA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), posterior slope angle (PSA) on pre and postoperative X‐ray and rotation angle of femoral component (relative to surgical trans‐epicondylar axis) and tibial component (relative to surgical trans‐epicondylar axis, tibial posterior condylar line and Akagi’) on postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan. Clinical outcomes and radiological data were compared between the two groups.ResultsOne hundred twenty patients (120 knees) were enrolled in this study, including 38 males and 82 females, aged from 58 to 78, with an average of 65.7 years. There was no significant difference in demographics and preoperative X‐ray data between the two groups (P > 0. 05). Clinical scores of the TTL group were better than those in the ROM group at 6 and 12 months after surgery, when comparing HSS (83.57 ± 5.00 vs 75.90 ± 4.89, F = 59.004, P < 0.001; 90.53 ± 4.31 vs 82.83 ± 4.98, F = 54.509, P < 0.001), Feller patellar score (21.43 ± 2.54 vs 19.10 ± 2.52, F = 14.864, P = 0.001; 26.27 ± 1.98 vs 23.20 ± 2.31, F = 42.204, P < 0.001) and VAS (3.70 ± 0.62 vs 4.38 ± 0.92, F = 14.508, P = 0.001; 2.10 ± 0.90 vs 2.79 ± 0.80, F = 11.554, P = 0.002). But there was no significant difference in the flexion and extension angle between the two groups. In imaging evaluation, no statistical difference was found in pre‐ and postoperative HKA, mLDFA, mMPTA and PSA. Rotational angles of tibial component only did relative to Akagi’ have statistical difference in two groups (2.33 ± 4.3 vs 4.41 ± 3.2, t = 2.143, P < 0.05) (Positive value represented external rotation).ConclusionThe results of our study showed that both methods were reliable, and TTL technique provided better clinical scores and larger external angle of tibial component, compared to ROM technique.     

Sensitivity of serum concentration of cartilage biomarkers to 21‐days of bed rest

The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) would decrease and serum levels of tumor‐necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) and selected matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) would increase in response to bed rest (BR) and that these changes are unaffected by the intake of potassium bicarbonate or whey protein. Seven and nine healthy male subjects participated in two 21‐day 6° head down tilt crossover BR‐studies with nutrition interventions. Serum samples were taken before, during, and after BR and biomarker concentrations were measured using commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. MMP‐3 during BR was significantly lower than at baseline (reduction greater 20%; p < 0.001). MMP‐3 increased significantly from 14 to 21 days of BR (+7%; p = 0.049). COMP during BR was significantly lower than at baseline (reduction greater 20%; p < 0.001). MMP‐3 and COMP returned to baseline within 1 day after BR. MMP‐9 on day 3 of BR was significantly lower than at baseline (?31%; p < 0.033) and on days 3, 5, and 14 of BR significantly lower than at the end of and after BR (reduction greater 35%; p < 0.030). The nutritional countermeasures did not affect these results. The observed changes in cartilage biomarkers may be caused by altered cartilage metabolism in response to the lack of mechanical stimulus during BR and inflammatory biomarkers may play a role in changes in biomarker levels. Clinical relevance: Immobilization independently from injury can cause altered cartilage biomarker concentration. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1465–1471, 2018.

     

Radical versus postoperative radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: a 10-year experience of an academic hospital

This study is a presentation of our department’s experience in the treatment of localized prostate cancer with either radical or postoperative radiotherapy (RT). Fifty-five patients with clinical localized prostate cancer were reviewed. Thirty-three patients (T1-T2AN0M0 stage) were treated with radical RT and 22 (T2B-T3N0M0 stage) with postoperative RT. All patients received hormonal therapy. Primary end points of the study were the incidence of clinical and biochemical recurrences and death in the whole group and according to treatment modality. Within a median follow-up of 18 months the overall incidence of clinical relapse was 16.9%, of biochemical relapse 12.7% and of death 10.9%. Both treatment options achieved similar outcomes despite the fact that the patients in the postoperative RT group were of higher stage. Radical RT group tended to have better overall and disease-free survival compared to postoperative RT group, but there was no statistically significant evidence. Long-term toxicity was negligible.     

手部外固定架的设计及临床应用

目的探讨手部小管状骨骨折,特别是关节附近的掌、指骨骨折,及其粉碎性骨折的更为简便有效的治疗方法,介绍一种新型实用的手部外固定架.方法自1996年10月采用自行设计的手部外固定架治疗掌、指骨骨折30例.其中掌、指骨干骨折18例,掌、指骨头骨折12例;闭合骨折25例,开放骨折5例;单纯骨折24例,粉碎骨折6例.结果平均随访4.5个月,骨折愈合时间4～8周,无骨不连及骨髓炎并发症.手功能恢复按TAM标准优22例,良4例,可4例,优良率86.7%.结论手部外固定架结构简单,方便实用,固定掌、指骨稳固,特别是对掌、指骨头骨折,以及粉碎性骨折有良好的固定作用.