胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT和MRI表现

目的探讨胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT和MRI表现。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的8例胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的影像资料。其中，CT扫描7例，MRI扫描2例。结果肿瘤最长径3．5～15cm，平均9．5cm。2例肿瘤以囊性成分为主，1例实、囊成分比例相仿；5例以实性成分为主。在囊实性交界部分，实质与囊性部分呈片状相间分布。3例囊性成分内可见纤维分隔。CT增强扣描门静脉期肿瘤强化略高于动脉期，但其强化程度均低于正常胰腺组织。5例有钙化。MRI2例在T1WI、T2WI上呈混杂信号，实性成分在T1WI呈中低信号，T2WI呈中高信号，增强扫描呈不均性的中高强化。结论胰腺实性假乳头状瘤的CT、MRI表现有一定特征性，结合临床特征并注意与无功能胰岛细胞瘤、黏液性囊性瘤或癌等鉴别可在术前做出正确诊断。     

Combined chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy for pancreatic carcinoma—A case report

Therapeutic modalities for incompletely resected pancreatic carcinoma are rare. Effective treatment must not only prolong the period of palliation but also limit the adverse sequelae of the Whipple procedure so as not to compromise the quality of the remaining life span. New treatments include the use of gemcitabine and type I interferons. We treated a patient with incomplete resection of a pancreatic tumor with two cycles of gemcitabine (1000 mg/m²) and cisplatinum (50 mg/m²) followed by radiotherapy (45 Gy/5 weeks) combined with interferon-beta (three times a week/5 × 10⁶ IU). Two small liver metastases occurred subsequently. In all, four cycles of gemcitabine/cisplatinum were delivered. The patient lived at least 9 months with stable metastatic liver disease and local control. He had no acute toxic reactions except for a decrease in the leukocyte count, no long-term side effects, and a satisfactory quality of life. A regimen of sequential gemcitabine/cisplatinum and radiotherapy in combination with interferon-beta deserves further consideration as therapy for pancreatic carcinoma.     

高能聚焦超声热疗合并奥曲肽治疗晚期胰腺癌的随机临床对照研究

目的评价HIFU联合奥曲肽治疗晚期胰腺癌的近期疗效与不良反应的观察。方法病理确诊的晚期胰腺癌患者46例(有可测量病灶者),随机分为热疗组和联合组,联合组采用FBY01北大研制的高强度聚焦超声联合奥曲肽治疗,两组均至少治疗2周期后评价疗效。结果全组均可评价疗效。联合组临床受益反应率为75.0%(18/24),热疗组为36.4%(8/22),2组比较有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。联合组治疗前后及两对照组治疗后比较,都有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。热疗组中位生存期约8.8月,联合组中位生存期达到10.8个月,P>0.05。两组的近期有效率,中位生存时间无显著差异(P>0.05)。毒副作用轻微,二者无显著性差异。结论HIFU联合奥曲肽治疗晚期胰腺癌临床受益反应率改善明显,VEGF水平下降明显,且毒副反应轻,病人能耐受,值得临床推广应用。     

多排螺旋CT血管重建技术在胰腺癌可切除型术前评估中的应用研究

目的 通过多层螺旋CT对胰腺癌患者进行三维血管重建，了解肿瘤对胰腺周围血管的侵犯情况，对肿瘤的可切除性进行前瞻性评估，评价多排螺旋CT血管重建技术在胰腺癌可切除性术评估中的价值。方法 对胰腺癌患者进行术前CT检查和三维血管重建，将图像进行容积重建（VR）、多平面重建（MPR）、最大密度投影（MIP）等处理，显示胰腺癌对周围血管的侵犯情况，通过手术结果进行分析对照。结果 接受手术治疗患者78例。术前综合评估不能切除的40例中，36例手术无法切除，准确度为90％。术前综合评估能切除的38例中，实际切除29例，准确度为76％。结论 术前用多层螺旋CT对胰腺癌患者进行三维血管重建，可提供可靠的肿瘤和周围血管侵犯情况的影像学资料，对胰腺癌术前可切除性评估有重要的临床意义。     

Solid serous cystadenoma of the pancreas: MR imaging with pathologic correlation

We report a case of solid type serous cystadenoma of the pancreas. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance (MR) images showed a hypervascular solid tumor that was difficult to differentiate from endocrine tumor of the pancreas. However, the tumor showed marked hyperintensity similar to that of hepatic cyst on MR cholangiopancreatography, indicating not a solid but rather a cystic nature. MR cholangiopancreatography (heavily T2-weighted image) is quite useful for clearly differentiating solid from cystic tumors.     

Change in neoadjuvant chemotherapy could alter the prognosis of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A case report

BACKGROUNDNeoadjuvant treatment has become a standard of care for borderline or locally advanced pancreatic cancer and is increasingly considered even for up-front resectable disease. The aim of this article is to present the case of a 62-year-old patient with locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma who was successfully treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel after the failure of the first line treatment.CASE SUMMARYComputerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a nodular lesion of ill-defined limits in the body of the pancreas, measuring approximately 4.2 cm × 2.7 cm, with an infiltrative aspect. The tumor had contact with the superior mesenteric vein, splenomesenteric junction and the proximal segment of the splenic artery, causing focal reduction of its lumens. Due to vascular involvement, neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment with eight cycles of “folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan and oxaliplatine” (FOLFIRINOX) were performed. At the end of the cycles, surgery was performed, but the procedure was interrupted due to finding of lesions suspected of metastasis. Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel was then successfully used for neoadjuvant treatment with subsequent R0 surgical resection.CONCLUSIONGemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel may be effective as an alternative regimen when FOLFIRINOX fails as the first line of treatment, suggesting the need for further studies to identify which patients would benefit from each type of therapeutic approach.