豆腐制硫黄过程中所产生的黑色物质成因初探

探讨了硫黄炮制过程中豆腐显黑绿色的原因,还对炮制过程中产生的使豆腐显黑绿色的物质进行了X衍射物相分析和化学定性分析,在此基础上对硫黄的炮制工艺、炮制容器等问题进行了讨论。     

离子色谱法测定大黄药材中二氧化硫残留量的不确定度评价

目的:建立离子色谱法测定大黄药材中二氧化硫残留量的测量不确定度评价方法。方法:通过建立离子色谱标准曲线法测定含量的数学模型,分析影响其不确定度的因素来源,对各个不确定度因素进行评定,并计算合成不确定度,最终给出测量结果在95%置信区间下的扩展不确定度。结果:试验的大黄药材中残留二氧化硫含量测定结果为(189.92±7.14)μg.g-1。结论:建立的不确定度评定法适用于离子色谱标准曲线法测定中药材中二氧化硫残留量的不确定度分析。     

流动注射化学发光法检测食品中SO2含量的研究

目的:建立一种食品中SO2的化学发光快速检测法?方法:利用SO2定量的与酸性高锰酸钾反应,从而减弱高锰酸钾-间苯二酚的化学发光,其减弱值与被检物浓度有关?结果:在最优化条件下,SO2浓度在0.04~40.00 mg/L范围内与发光强度减弱值呈较好的线性关系?方法的检测限为0.03 mg/L (S/N=3)?结论:该方法可用于食品中SO2分析?     

熏硫对白芷提取物急性毒性的影响

目的:进行白芷提取物安全性评价,并比较熏硫与未熏硫白芷药材制备的提取物的急性毒性.方法:分别将熏硫与未熏硫的白芷药材制备的提取物分成5个不同的剂量组,观察小鼠灌胃给药后所产生的急性毒性反应的症状及死亡情况,并计算出该药所致的小鼠LD50及95％可信限.结果:测得未熏硫白芷药材制备的提取物的LD50为55.5169g生药/kg,95％可信限为49.3894～62.4046 g生药/kg;熏硫白芷药材提取物的LD50为89.4420 g生药/kg,95％可信限为79.1242～101.1052 g生药/kg.结论:熏硫与未熏硫白芷药材制备的提取物对小鼠急性毒性均属于无毒级,但熏硫后白芷药材制备的提取物的LD50及95％可信限明显升高,毒性明显降低.     

The Time of Day Sleepiness Scale to assess differential levels of sleepiness across the day

Objective

The study evaluated the Time of Day Sleepiness Scale (ToDSS) to determine subjective estimates of sleepiness in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Scores on the ToDSS were compared to the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The ToDSS was evaluated on three cohorts of patients at a sleep medicine clinic.

Method

The items of the ToDSS are modified from the ESS to enable subjective assessment in the morning (before noon), afternoon (noon to 1800 h), and evening (after 1800 h). The scale takes about 5 min to complete. For each item, patients provide an estimate of their level of sleepiness in three separate columns, each indicating the time of day (morning, afternoon, and evening).

Results

Each ToDSS score evidenced a one factor structure. The ToDSS enabled the assessment of differential levels of sleepiness across the day among several cohorts, with scores increasing in the afternoon and evening. The ESS and each score of the ToDSS demonstrated high correlations. Lower subjective estimates of sleepiness were documented after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure.

Conclusions

The ToDSS was shown to have comparable psychometric features to the ESS and provided perceived sleepiness levels across the day in an efficient and cost-effective manner. It also enabled characterization of treatment response among a cohort of patients with obstructive sleep apnea.     

Generalized anxiety disorder with and without excessive worry in Hong Kong

Background: Two previous U.S. studies found that although generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) without self‐perceived excessive worry was milder than GAD with excessive worry, its persistence, impairment, and risk for subsequent onset of other mental disorders were still substantial. This study examined the implications of relaxing the “excessiveness” criterion on the prevalence and socio‐demographic profile of GAD in a Chinese population sample by considering both self and others' perception of excessive worry. Method: 2,005 respondents aged 15–65 years participated in a structured telephone interview that covered socio‐demographic profile, 12‐month DSM‐IV diagnosis of GAD, core depressive symptoms, longest duration of worry episode, number of domains of worry, impairment measured by the Sheehan Disability Scale, and treatment‐seeking. Excessive worry was assessed from the perception of both respondents and others as reported by respondents. Result: The 12‐month prevalence of GAD increased from 3.4 to 4% when the excessiveness requirement was relaxed. Excessive GAD and nonexcessive GAD had similar socio‐demographic, symptom, chronicity, impairment, depressive symptom, and treatment‐seeking profiles. Conclusion: GAD without excessive worry was less common than GAD with excessive worry but was likely to be a valid nosological entity. Future iterations of the DSM‐IV should clarify whether excessive worry should be retained and, if so, how individuals who only reported excessive worries perceived by others should be optimally assessed. Depression and Anxiety, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Enlarged accessory spleen presenting stomach submucosal tumor

A 62-year-old man presented with upper abdominal discomfort underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastroscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a submucosal tumor (SMT) with homogenous echogenicity originated from extragastric organs. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed that the well-marginated ovoid mass, approximately 6 cm in diameter, enhanced homogenously to a similar degree as splenic parenchyma. 99mTechnetium sulfur colloid scintigraphy revealed the splenic nature of the mass. A diagnosis of accessory spleen mimicking gastric SMT was made. Subsequent follow-up was uneventful without performing splenectomy.     

药物导致双硫醒样不良反应分析

目的探讨双硫醒不良反应发生的原因,预防救治措施。方法对本院3例不良反应报告进行分析总结。结果全部治愈。结论医务人员、患者提高认知度,双硫醒不良反应可以预防治疗。     

过量碘对甲状腺激素代谢的损伤及硒的干预作用

目的研究过量碘性甲状腺激素代谢紊乱的机制并寻求合适的硒干预剂量。方法140只Balb/c小鼠分为7组:正常组、过量碘组(饮水含碘3000μg/L)和5个补硒组(饮水含碘3000μg/L,硒分别为0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4和0.5mg/L),共喂养16周。放射免疫法测定血清甲状腺激素水平,砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘和甲状腺碘水平,测定甲状腺谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果0.1～0.5mg/L补硒组甲状腺激素水平与正常组比较差异无显著性,0.2mg/L补硒组甲状腺内碘含量较过量碘组显著下降(P<0.05),0.2～0.3mg/L补硒组甲状腺GSH-Px、SOD活性和MDA水平与正常组比较差异无显著性,0.1～0.3mg/L补硒组TPO活性与正常组比较差异无显著性。结论补充硒对过量碘导致的小鼠甲状腺氧化/抗氧化水平失衡、TPO活性水平下降都有有效的干预作用。     

用气相色谱法同步分析高酸性石油天然气中的硫化物

采用配有毛细管柱和FPD检测器的气相色谱对石油天然气中所含的6种硫化物进行了定性定量分析,得到了各硫化物质量浓度与色谱响应峰高的关系式,比较了不同气体取样袋材质对分析结果的影响。结果表明,实验所用色谱柱能够实现对各硫化物的有效分离,FPD检测器对天然气中该6种硫化物响应峰高的自然对数与硫化物浓度的自然对数呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数在0.980以上。普通橡胶材质采样袋对有机硫化物的吸附作用明显,不宜采用。