Effect of short-term administration of lead to pregnant rats.

Lead was administred to adult female rats in drinking water (0;0.1:1 and 10 ppm) for 3 weeks before mating, during pregnancy and during 3 weeks after delivery. On day 21 after delivery the mothers and their newborns were sacrified and various parameters of blood -- lead concentration on (Pb-B), hematocrit (Htc), hemoglobin (Hb), free erythrocyte porphyrins (FEP), delta0aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) -- and tissue -- ALAD, free tissue porphyrins (FTP), lead concentration (Pb-T) -- were determined. In mothers a significant increase in Pb-B and Pb concentration in kidney was found in the 10 ppm group, but this increase in lead concentration was not associated with any statistically significant modification of the biochemical parameters. In newborns, lead concentration in blood and in kidney was also significantly increased in the 10 ppm group and this lead exposure was associated with a decrease of the ALAD activity in blood and an increase of FTP in kidney. On the basis of the biochemical parameters investigated one can therefore conclude that the developing organism is more susceptible to the biological action of lead than the organism of adult animals and that the "no-effect" level of lead administered during pregnancy and in the neonatal period is around 1 ppm.     

阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病病人胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的 :探讨阿卡波糖对 2型糖尿病病人胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法 :16 0例 2型糖尿病病人随机分为 2组 ,治疗组 80例口服阿卡波糖治疗 ,前 2wk ,5 0mg ,po ,tid ,2wk后 ,10 0mg ,po ,tid ;安慰剂组 80例口服安慰剂 ,方法同治疗组 ,疗程为 2 4wk。同时观察空腹及餐后 2h血糖、血清胰岛素水平、体重指数、糖化血红蛋白、空腹时的红细胞胰岛素受体和红细胞膜流动性治疗前后变化。结果 :(1)wk 4时 ,阿卡波糖明显降低病人的空腹血糖、餐后 2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白 ,下降值分别为 :(2 .9±s 0 .8)mmol·L- 1,(4.0± 1.8)mmol·L- 1,(1.2± 2 .1) % ,P<0 .0 1;(2 ) 2 4wk后 ,阿卡波糖降低病人的体重、空腹血清胰岛素、餐后 2h血清胰岛素 ,下降值分别为 :(6± 4 )kg·m- 2 ,(10± 6 )MIU·L- 1,(14± 10 )MIU·L- 1,增加红细胞胰岛素受体 ,升高值为 :(80± 71)sites·RBC- 1,降低膜流动性 ,下降值为 :(1.5± 1.3) ,P <0 .0 1。结论 :阿卡波糖能改善 2型糖尿病病人的胰岛素抵抗     

高血压病中医辨证分型的血压变化及胸主动脉CT改变的研究

高血压病中医辨证分型的血压变化及胸主动脉ＣＴ改变的研究郑新，刘卫红本研究试图用现代ＣＴ诊断手段，研究中医分型之间的关系，用以解释中医辨证，并作为中医辨证的参考指征，为进一步评估中医药疗效作准备。资料和方法１病例选择１９９２年２月～１９９６年１２月，对...     

中国汉族196人红细胞谷胱甘肽硫转移酶的活性分布

目的采用分光光度法测定人RBC谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GSTs)活性,研究196名(男101名,女95名)健康汉族人的GSTs活性分布。方法制备人RBC裂解后,参照Habdous等的方法测定GSTs活性。反应体系如下:0.1 mol.L-1磷酸钠缓冲液(pH 6.5)2.6 mL,RBC裂解液0.1 mL,30 mmol.L-1谷胱甘肽0.1 mL,10 mmol.L-11-氯-2,4-二硝基苯(CDNB)0.1 mL。结果方法的日内和日间精密度均<10%。RBC GSTs活性呈正偏态分布,196例健康汉族人的平均GSTs活性为(3.89±0.96)U.(gHb)-1。不同年龄组平均GSTs活性无差异,而女性的平均GSTs活性比男性的平均值高,但并不显著。结论确定了可供临床参考的健康汉族人GSTs活性分布范围。     

Haemoconcentration by gelatin-induced acceleration of erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Erythrocyte sedimentation rates from 40 suspensions of packed red blood cells in modified fluid gelatin, 4% albumin solution, 6% hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline were measured at room temperature using Westergren's method. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was extremely high in gelatin and this increase was significant after 10-60 min when compared with the other fluids. Erythrocyte sedimentation rates in albumin, hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline were low and there were no differences between these fluids [erythrocyte sedimentation after 60 min, median (interquartile range): gelatin 128 (111.2-130.0) mm, albumin 2 (1.5-2.0) mm, hydroxyethyl starch 1.5 (1.0-1.6) mm, normal saline 2 (1.9-2.5) mm, p < 0.0001]. The addition of twice the volume of modified fluid gelatin to a volume of red blood cells leads to rapid acceleration of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. This is caused by increased erythrocyte aggregation, and in clinical practice this effect may be useful for the haemoconcentration of diluted blood from cardiopulmonary bypass circuits or cell-saver autotransfusion in paediatric surgery.     

降低儿童血铅水平的干预研究

目的　通过 3年来对厦门儿童血铅水平的监测和干预 ,总结血铅检测和降低儿童血铅的方法。方法　采用间接血锌原卟啉 (ZPP)和直接石墨炉原子吸收仪检测血铅水平 ,以及部分计数嗜碱性点彩红细胞。每年对托幼机构的儿童保健人员进行培训和到托幼机构进行指导 ,对家长进行防铅宣教。结果　 1999年、2 0 0 0年、2 0 0 2年高ZPP组的筛查率分别为 11 2 7%、9 0 2 %和 6 5 2 % ,呈逐年下降 ;中度以上铅中毒儿童的血铅与嗜碱性点彩红细胞铅中毒有显著的相关关系。结论　在无显著铅污染的环境下 ,对于普通儿童 ,切实做好防铅保健 ,及时定期监测血铅水平 ,可以达到显著降低儿童血铅水平的目的。在无原子吸收仪的医院 ,嗜碱性点彩红细胞对于儿童中度以上铅中毒诊断有一定的参考价值。     

成人及脐血甲氨喋呤载体红细胞天然免疫粘附活性研究

[目的]研究成人及脐血甲氨喋呤(MTX)载体红细胞天然免疫粘附活性的变化情况。[方法]以改良低渗预膨胀法制备成人及脐血MTX载体红细胞,采用新鲜血天然免疫功能快速测定法,检测载体制备过程中洗涤、预膨胀和载药各阶段红细胞的天然免疫粘附活性的变化情况。[结果]低渗预膨胀处理的成人及脐血红细胞,天然免疫粘附能力(粘附率)分别为61.45%±8.51%、17.00%±2.16%,明显高于各自的对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]载药处理对红细胞天然免疫粘附活性无明显影响。     

红细胞载体的渗透脆性及血红蛋白溢出率研究

目的:考察高渗法制备载体红细胞过程中渗透压对红细胞(RBC)的渗透脆性以及血红蛋白(Hb)溢出率的影响.方法:模拟高渗法制备吗啡载体红细胞的过程,制备成载体红细胞RBC1和RBC2,并测定其渗透脆性,估算50%红细胞溶血时的渗透压(H50);测定计算Hb溢出率.结果:和正常RBC一样,载体RBC1和载体RBC2的OFC也呈S型,RBC、RBC1和RBC2的H50分别为151.8,175.6,153.6 mOsm·L-1;等渗和低渗溶液中Hb溢出率分别为(36.3±5.9)%和(32.1±4.1)%,差异无显著性.结论:高渗法制备的红细胞裁体时,虽然经过高渗糖的脱水,红细胞脱水变形,经过重涨后其形状和细胞膜的弹性可以恢复,载体红细胞的渗透脆性变化不大.     

天花粉对卵巢癌患者红细胞天然免疫活性促进作用的实验研究

目的探讨天花粉对卵巢癌患者的红细胞天然免疫活性的作用.方法采用红细胞C3b受体花环、免疫复合物花环、红细胞黏附肿瘤细胞花环试验.结果天花粉处理组红细胞CR1天然免疫活性(83.5±9.6)明显高于未加天花粉组(11.9±6.4)(P＜0.01),并且红细胞天然免疫活性的程度与天花粉剂量呈剂量依赖性.结论天花粉对卵巢癌患者红细胞天然免疫黏附肿瘤细胞的能力有增强作用.     

Genotoxicity studies of glycidol fatty acid ester (glycidol linoleate) and glycidol

Glycidol fatty acid esters (GEs) are found in refined edible oils. Safety concerns have been alleged due to the possible release of glycidol (G), an animal carcinogen.