用药代动力学软件预测氨基糖苷类抗生素血浓度的准确性

目的 评价药代动力学软件(PKS)预测氨基糖苷类抗生素血浓度的准确性。方法 严重感染病人53例,静脉点滴氨基糖苷类抗生素q 6 h共3天。血药浓度测定用偏振荧光免疫测定法。用PKS软件Bayesian模式,以首次给药后峰和低浓度为反馈值,对以后每剂量的峰和谷浓度作预测。预测准确性和精确性用平均预测误差(ME)、均方预测误差(MSE)、均方预测误差平方根(RMSE)及其95％可信限表示。将24,48,72h峰、谷浓度实测值与预测值做配对t检验。结果 303次血药浓度实测值供预测。ME,MSE,RMSE及其95％可信限均在临床可接受范围内。24和48h峰浓度预测值和观察值间无显著差异(P>0.05),72 h组问差异有显著性(P<0.05)。上述3个时间点的谷浓度预测值和观察值间均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论 用PKS可准确预测氨基糖苷类静脉给药后4 8 h内每一剂量的峰浓度,但谷浓度预测受限。     

影像组学及其在肝癌中的进展

肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大原因,因此早期发现和治疗反应的预测对HCC患者有很大益处。 目前,穿刺活检和常规医学成像在HCC患者的管理中发挥重要且基础的作用,而这两种方法分别存在样本误差和操作者依赖性的不足。 影像组学是一种新兴的非侵入性技术,可以突破时空限制来获取肿瘤的综合信息,用以反映肿瘤的情况,从而弥补上述方法的不足。影像组学的基本步骤包括图像的获取,感兴趣区的划分与重建,特征的提取、划分与分类,模型的建立与效能评价。影像组学在HCC的诊断、治疗和评价方面取得了一定的进展,具有应用前景。     

Prediction of Hidden Blood Loss During Posterior Spinal Surgery

Objective Identification of the risk factors for extraordinary hidden blood loss (HBL) could clarify the underlying causes and provide more appropriate management. This study aims to identify the predictors of HBL in spinal surgery.     

炎症因子用于早期预测妊娠期糖尿病的研究进展

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是指在妊娠期发生或首次发现的不同程度的糖耐量异常或糖尿病,对母亲及胎儿的危害很大,早期发现其危险因子,并进行早期诊断和干预,来预防、减少GDM及其并发症的发生值得关注和研究。炎症因子在GDM发生中的作用一直是研究的热点之一,本文将综述用炎症因子指标对GDM进行早期预测的研究进展。     

Influence Factors and Prediction Model of Bond Strength of Tunnel Fireproof Coating under Freeze–Thaw Cycles

The freeze–thaw resistant performance of a tunnel fireproof coating (TFC) has an important impact on bonding property and durability. The influence of redispersible emulsion powder, polypropylene fiber and air-entraining agent on TFCs was studied. Transverse fundamental frequency and ultrasonic sound velocity were used to evaluate the damage degree of TFC, and the mechanism was revealed by SEM and pore structure. The results show that the most beneficial effect on bond strength of TFC is redispersible emulsion powder, followed by air-entraining agent, and then polypropylene fiber. After freeze–thaw cycles, the cumulative pore volume of micropores in the TFC increases obviously, while the porosity of macropores does not change significantly. A prediction model was proposed, which can calculate the bond strength from the damage degree of TFC under freeze–thaw cycles. The achievement can promote the application of TFC in cold regions.     

Association of genetic polymorphisms and autoimmune Addison’s disease

Autoimmune Addison’s disease (AAD) is a complex genetic disease that results from the interaction of a predisposing genetic background with as yet unknown environmental factors. The disease is marked by the appearance of circulating autoantibodies against steroid 21-hydroxylase. Mutations of the autoimmune regulator gene are responsible for the so-called autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I), of which AAD is a major disease component. Among genetic factors for isolated AAD and APS II, a major role is played by HLA class II genes: HLA-DRB1^*0301-DQA1^*0501-DQB1^*0201 and DRB1^*04-DQA1^*0301-DQB1^*0302 are positively, and RB1^*0403 is negatively, associated with a genetic risk for AAD. The MHC class I chain-related gene A allele 5.1 is strongly and positively associated with AAD. Other gene polymorphisms contributing to genetic risk for AAD are MHC2TA, the gene coding for class II transactivator, the master regulator of class II expression, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4, PTPN22 and the vitamin D receptor.     

SIR型传染病的预测方法研究

首先利用疾病传播的规律建立了SIR型传染病传播机理的微分方程模型,根据历史资料对模型中的参数进行多项式回归,得出回归曲线。基于此模型建立了甲型H1N1的动态预测模型,并以2009年全国的甲型H1N1数据为例进行了预测和分析,预测结果显示该模型具有一定的精度和可行性,可以给相关部门提供切实可行的参考建议。     

An ensemble with the chinese pentatonic scale using electroencephalogram from both hemispheres

To listen to brain activity as a piece of music,we previously proposed scale-free brainwave music（SFBM）technology,which translated the scalp electroencephalogram（EEG）into musical notes according to the power law of both the EEG and music.In this study,the methodology was further extended to ensemble music on two channels from the two hemispheres.EEG data from two channels symmetrically located on the left and right hemispheres were translated into MIDI sequences by SFBM,and the EEG parameters modulated the pitch,duration and volume of each note.Then,the two sequences were filtered into an ensemble with two voices：the pentatonic scale（traditional Chinese music）or the heptatonic scale（standard Western music）.We demonstrated differences in harmony between the two scales generated at different sleep stages,with the pentatonic scale being more harmonious.The harmony intervals of this brain ensemble at various sleep stages followed the power law.Compared with the heptatonic scale,it was easier to distinguish the different stages using the pentatonic scale.These results suggested that the hemispheric ensemble can represent brain activity by variations in pitch,tempo and harmony.The ensemble with the pentatonic scale sounds more consonant,and partially reflects the relations of the two hemispheres.This can be used to distinguish the different states of brain activity and provide a new perspective on EEG analysis.