Temporal effect of Guanxin No. 2 on cardiac function, blood viscosity and angiogenesis in rats after long-term occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery

AIM: Cardiac infarction is one of the main causes of death in both developing and developed countries over past decades. Currently available approaches for treating patients with this disease are not satisfactory. Traditional Chinese medicines have been increasingly paid attention to. The aim of this study was to characterize the dynamic protective effects of Guanxin No. 2 decoction (GX II) on cardiac dysfunction combined with the blood viscosity and myocardial hypertrophy parameters in myocardial infarction (MI) rats. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-200 g) were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operated, coronary artery ligation (CAL), and CAL plus GX II (GX II, 10.0 g raw materials/kg/d, bid, p.o.). The experiment was carried out at 4 time points as the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th day after ligation. RESULT: It was found that on the one hand, GX II could significantly improve the heart function, and remarkably decrease infarct size and inhibit ventricular remodeling. On the other hand, GX II showed some unique effects such as angiogenesis which was induced in the left ventricular tissue. This result was consistent with the finding of an augmented vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in this area. CONCLUSIONS: The studies demonstrated that GX II exerted extensively beneficial cardioprotective effect on CAL rats, it might stimulate angiogenesis of ischemic region to compensate blood supply to the heart via upregulated VEGF expression.     

Decrease and dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood with maternal pre-eclampsia

BACKGROUND: The pre-eclampsia is characterized by placental defective angiogenesis and maternal vascular/endothelial dysfunction. Recently, the decrease and senescence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) has been observed in maternal circulation with pre-eclampsia. Given the essential involvement of EPC in neovascularization and reendothelialization, we investigate whether or not the depletion of EPC is existent in placental/fetal circulation with maternal pre-eclampsia. METHODS: Samples of venous cord blood were collected during the labor of preeclamptic mothers (n = 14) and normotensive controls (n = 10). Circulating EPC were enumerated as AC133+/KDR+ cells via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Additionally, EPC were expanded in vitro and identified by DiI-acLDL uptake and lectin staining by direct fluorescent staining under a laser scanning confocal microscope. EPC proliferation, migration and vasculogenesis activities were determined by MTT, modified Boyden chamber assay and in vitro vasculogenensis assay. RESULT: The placental/fetal circulating EPC numbers were significantly decreased in the pre-eclampsia group compared with the control (median, 200; range, 100-440 cells/mL vs 390; 270-440 cells/mL, P < 0.001), and after in vitro cultivation the numbers of EPC also decreased in pre-eclampsia group (19.5; 5.0-32.0 vs 39.5; 31.2-52.0 EPC/x200 field; P < 0.001). Both circulating EPC and cultivated EPC were inversely correlated with cord blood level of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1). In addition, the EPC from patients with pre-eclampsia were significantly impaired in their proliferation, migration and vasculogenesis capacities. CONCLUSION: The present study documented the decrease and dysfunction of placental/fetal circulating EPC in patients with pre-eclampsia. The alteration is probably associated with the increased sFlt-1 levels in the umbilical cord blood.     

应用二维超声方法评价高血压血管内皮功能

目的:对高血压1～2级无心血管其他危险因素病人的血管内皮功能作一评估,并探讨高血压对内皮功能的影响及其可能机制。方法:研究对象30例,高血压病人和正常人各15例。应用高分辨二维超声方法检测反应性充血前后肱动脉直径,比较两组的血流介导血管舒张测定百分数(FMD)功能以及与血压之间的关系;同时比较两组血清氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)、一氧化氮(NO)及内皮素-1(ET-1)的水平。结果:①高血压病人FMD(10.79%)明显低于对照组(19.61%),P<0.01。②相关分析显示,FMD%分别与收缩压(r=-0.446,P<0.01)、舒张压(r=-0.645,P<0.01)呈负相关。③高血压病人血清ox-LDL、ET-1显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而NO则明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:高血压病早期虽无明显动脉硬化,但已存在血管内皮功能的损伤。     

中西医结合治疗对糖尿病患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的:观察中西医结合治疗糖尿病患者的临床疗效,及其对患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法:将58例糖尿病患者采取随机数字法平均分成对照组和治疗组。对照组给予西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组用药的基础上,给予口服益气养阴通络方治疗。两组均4周为1个疗程,连续治疗3个疗程。观察两组治疗前后临床症状、空腹血糖(fasting blood-glucose,FBG)、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、NO、内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的变化。结果:1对照组、治疗组有效率为72.4%和86.2%,两组有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2治疗后治疗组中医证候积分明显降低(P<0.01),对照组改变不显著,两组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);3治疗后两组血FPG、GHB、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数较治疗前明显下降(P<0.01),以治疗组改善更为显著(P<0.05或P<0.01);4治疗后两组NO升高、ET-1、VEGF降低(P<0.01),以治疗组改善更为显著(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合治疗糖尿病疗效显著,能明显改善患者的临床症状,调节血管内皮功能,对防治糖尿病心血管病变具有一定作用。     

非诺贝特对糖尿病大鼠脂联素及内皮细胞功能的影响

目的:观察非诺贝特对糖尿病(DM)大鼠血脂联素和脂联素基因的表达及内皮细胞功能的干预作用.方法:采用小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ,25 mg/kg)和高脂饮食诱导的方法建立DM大鼠模型.DM大鼠20只随机分为两组:DM (DM)组10只和DM非诺贝特(DF)组10只,正常Wistar大鼠10只为正常对照(NC)组.DM组及DF组大鼠给予高脂喂养,NC组大鼠给予正常饮食,3组大鼠每日摄取的热量相等,同时DF组大鼠给予非诺贝特灌服.8周后,腹主动脉取血测定空腹血糖(FBG)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、脂联素和可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1(sVCAM-1),并计算低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C);取肾周脂肪组织RT-PCR技术半定量分析脂联素基因表达.结果:与NC组相比,DM组FPG、FFA、TC、TG、LDL-C、TNF-α和sVCAM-明显增多(P＜0.05～P＜0.01),血HDL-C、脂联素和脂肪组织内的脂联素基因表达下降(P＜0.01).与DM组相比,DF组的血FFA、TG 、FBG、LDL-C、TNF-α和sVCAM-1水平下降(P＜0.05),同时血HDL-C、脂联素和脂肪组织内的脂联素基因表达显著升高(P＜0.01).结论:非诺贝特治疗可能通过改善脂联素基因的表达和血脂联素水平起到保护内皮细胞的作用.     

肿瘤细胞与血管内皮细胞相互作用及丹参干预作用

肿瘤转移的复杂机制在于肿瘤细胞与各种宿主细胞之间发生的广泛作用,而肿瘤能否建立转移则取决于肿瘤细胞诱导并利用宿主细胞协助自身发展的能力。其中肿瘤与血管内皮细胞间的相互作用在支持肿瘤血行转移中扮演了重要角色。研究表明活血化瘀药丹参对这一过程具有多成分、多环节的抑制作用,为以肿瘤细胞与血管内皮细胞相互作用为靶点的抗肿瘤候选药物研发提供参考。     

人诱导多能干细胞向血管内皮细胞分化方法的建立

目的:建立一种新的促进人诱导多能干细胞(iPSc)向血管内皮细胞(VEC)分化的方法.方法:将未分化的人iPSc制备成拟胚体(EBs),分为常氧组(A组)、常氧加血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)组(B组)、常氧加甲基乙二酰氨基乙酸(DMOG)组(C组)、缺氧组(D组)、缺氧加VEGF组(E组)及缺氧加DMOG组(F组),分别给予相应处理;观察各组iPS-EBs分化的VEC形态结构,应用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)法检测VEC特异基因CD31、CD34、VE-cad、KDR、vWF的表达,免疫荧光细胞法检测以mRNA表达最强组的VEC特异基因在细胞定位情况判断VEC分化情况.结果:RT-PCR结果显示未经诱导iPSc不表达任何VEC相关基因,A组EBs细胞仅表达微弱的VE-cad和KDR;经条件诱导后iPS-EBs细胞表达CD31、CD34、VE-cad、KDR、vWF,C组表达最强,与其他各组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);免疫荧光结果显示C组中CD31、CD34为膜表达,KDR、vWF为胞浆表达.结论:常氧状态下加入DMOG培养能成功促进人iPSc向VEC分化.     

HIF-1α与VEGF在子宫内膜癌组织血管生成中的作用

目的：研究HIF-1α与VEGF在正常子宫内膜、子宫内膜不典型增生和子宫内膜癌组织中的表达情况及在肿瘤血管生成中的作用。方法：应用免疫组织化学SP法分别检测各类子宫内膜组织中的HIF-1α和VEGF的表达,并计数MVD。结果：子宫内膜癌HIF-1α阳性表达率63.6%（28/44）,正常子宫内膜为21.4%（3/14）,两者差异有统计学意义,P〈0.01。VEGF在子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜非典型增生和正常子宫内膜组织中的阳性率分别是56.8%、25.0%和14.3%,差异有统计学意义,P〈0.01。HIF-1α与VEGF均与MVD呈正相关（rs=0.579,P〈0.01;rs=0.607,P〈0.01）。结论：HIF-1α及其靶基因VEGF可能在子宫内膜病变由良性到恶性转变过程中,以及恶性肿瘤的进展中起了重要作用,可能作为肿瘤生物学行为的标志,并成为抗肿瘤治疗的新靶向。     

兔骨髓诱导的内皮细胞和纤维蛋白凝胶体外共培养

目的将兔骨髓诱导的内皮细胞接种于纤维蛋白凝胶内并观察其生长增值情况。方法梯度离心分离兔骨髓单个核细胞（MNCs）,直接向内皮细胞诱导培养,传代培养至第2代细胞,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态及生长特点,免疫组化鉴定;以10^5密度接种于纤维蛋白凝胶中培养并定期观察细胞生长情况,单纯细胞及胶原内的细胞分别用MTT法检测其生长并绘制生长曲线,胶原切片并作苏木精．伊红染色观察细胞在胶原内的生长。结果诱导的内皮细胞为铺路石样。呈单层生长,第2代细胞CD31、八因子相关抗原免疫组化均为阳性,摄取低密度脂蛋白和结合凝集素实验均阳性;细胞在纤维蛋白凝胶内成立体生长,细胞在纤维蛋白凝胶内3d后成梭形铺开,6d后自发形成管腔样结构;细胞在纤维蛋白凝胶内生长曲线成“s”形。结论骨髓诱导的内皮细胞在纤维蛋白凝胶内生长增值良好,纤维蛋白凝胶可以作为接种骨髓诱导的内皮细胞的基质材料。