阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者听力学损害研究进展

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)是一种常见的睡眠障碍性疾病,长期的呼吸暂停和低通气可引起不同程度的低氧血症及高碳酸血症,继发组织缺氧,最终导致多器官功能损害,其中包括第8对颅神经-听神经的损害.临床观察中也发现了部分OSAH...     

Endoscopic Treatment of Superficial Gastric Cancer: Present Status and Future

Although the mortality rates of gastric cancer (GC) are gradually declining, gastric cancer is still the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This may be due to the high rate of patients who are diagnosed with GC at advanced stages. However, in countries such as Japan with endoscopic screening systems, more than half of GCs are discovered at an early stage, enabling endoscopic resection (ER). Especially after the introduction of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Japan around 2000, a high en bloc resection rate allowing pathological assessment of margin and depth has become possible. While ER is a diagnostic method of treatment and may not always be curative, it is widely accepted as standard treatment because it is less invasive than surgery and can provide an accurate diagnosis for deciding whether additional surgery is necessary. The curability of ER is currently assessed by the completeness of primary tumor removal and the possibility of lymph node metastasis. This review introduces methods, indications, and curability criteria for ER of EGC. Despite recent advances, several problems remain unsolved. This review will also outline the latest evidence concerning future issues.     

白塞综合征20例临床特征及心血管影像学分析

回顾性分析2018年1月—2020年8月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院风湿免疫科治疗的白塞综合征患者20例的临床及影像学检查资料.20例患者中,男4例,女16例,平均年龄41.2岁,平均病程17.0年.超声、CT及MR检查发现心血管系统受累13例,主要表现为主动脉瓣脱垂并重度关闭不全,主动脉瘤、主动脉假性动脉瘤、主动脉溃...     

兔VX2肝癌模型的建立及其生长转移特性的观察

目的探讨超声引导下经皮穿刺瘤块推送法建立兔VX2肝癌模型的可行性,评估开展介入治疗实验研究的最佳时期．方法28只新西兰大白兔接受VX2瘤块接种,接种后2、3、4周行超声检查及PET／CT检查,并分别处死2只建模成功的动物行病理检查。结果建模成功率为89.3％（25／28）。接种后2、3、4周肿瘤最大径分别为（4．82±0．80）mm、（16．05±2．89）mm、（30．08±5．38）mm,转移率分别为0（0／25）、13．0％（3／23）、76.2％（16／21）;接种后2周肿瘤生长旺盛,无明显坏死,3周仅有少量点片状凝固性坏死,4周见大片坏死。结论超声引导下经皮穿刺瘤块推送法建立兔VX2肝癌模型简单易行,成功率高;宜在接种后第3周开展介入治疗的实验研究。     

Endoscopic features of esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by cytological atypia

Little is known about esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by cytological atypia (HGINc). We aimed to elucidate the endoscopic features of HGINc compared with esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by architectural atypia (HGINa). All patients pathologically diagnosed as esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia after endoscopic submucosal dissection at our center between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in this study. According to the pathological diagnosis, the patients were divided into two groups: HGINa group and HGINc group. Basic characteristics and endoscopic information were collected in detail. Data were analyzed statistically. Binary logistic regression was performed and a predictive model for HGINc was established. Then we evaluated its predictive value and built a nomogram for clinical application. A total of 175 patients were included in this study (126 with HGINa and 49 with HGINc). Among 228 lesions found in all patients, there were 148 HGINa and 80 HGINc. The independent relevant factors for HGINc were tobacco and alcohol usage, color, and gross type. To predict risk of HGINc, a three-factor model (TFM) was established with a highest area under curve (AUC) as 0.869 (95% CI, 0.852, 0.939). When the cut-off value was set as 0.3569184, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for HGINc was 81.14%, 88.75%, 77.03%, 67.62%, and 92.68%, respectively. HGINc differs greatly in endoscopic features from HGINa in our study. It’s important to reduce misdiagnosis that our model was established with good predictive value for clinical application.     

2011-2013年九江地区手足口病临床特征和病原变化分析

目的：分析近3年九江地区引发手足口病病原变化和相应临床特点,指导该地区手足口病的防护,并能为国内手足口病的预防及病原学的变化提供临床数据。方法：采用回顾性分析方法,对2011年至2013年度我院收治的手足口病患儿的性别、年龄、发病时间、居住地、接触史、临床表现、辅助检查、病原学结果和临床转归等进行综合分析。病原学通过咽拭子RT-PCR方法分析。结果：4 222例手足口病患者年龄分布在4个月-11岁。1-5岁患儿占该病发病人数占94.5%,城郊及农村病例多于市区,占61.5%。普通型病例主要表现为手、足、口皮疹（88.7%）,发热（73.3%）,心肌酶升高（78.5%）;重症病例达419例,主要表现为神经系统、循环系统并发症,该类患儿年龄多在1-3岁,常伴有外周血白细胞、中性粒细胞增高等现象,重症病例的病原检测结果肠道病毒71型占77.1%,柯萨奇病毒A16型占15.5%,其它类型肠道病毒感染占7.4%。结论：手足口病已成为幼儿常发病,高发人群为1-5岁的儿童,城郊及农村仍是该病防治的重点区域;手足口病导致神经和循环系统并发症是危害患儿的主要并发症;重症、危重症病例主要见于EV71感染,但是随着其他肠道病毒感染数量的增加,危重症手足口病的比率将会上升;各年度病原学变化有待进一步长期监测。     

PTGBD穿刺引流与腹腔镜胆囊切除术联合治疗危重胆囊炎的临床疗效分析

目的：分析PTGBD穿刺引流与腹腔镜胆囊切除术联合治疗危重胆囊炎的临床疗效。方法选取2013年1月—2014年12月间该院收治的危重胆囊炎患者共102例,根据手术方式不同分为PTGBD与LC联合组和急诊LC组。比较两组手术时间、手术出血量、腹腔引流量、腹腔引流引流时间、住院天数、费用、及患者满意度等。结果急诊LC组患者手术中出血量、腹腔引流时间以及肛门排气时间明显多于PTGDB联合LC组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;急诊LC组患者并发症发生率远高于PTGDB联合LC组,且患者的满意率也明显低于PTGDB联合LC组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论PTGBD联合LC术式是目前治疗危重胆囊炎最为有效的治疗手段,值得临床推广应用。     

聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳材料清除的临床研究

目的 探讨分析采用不同方式清除聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶的适应症和手术方法.方法 对212例患者针对不同病情及要求,采取经乳晕切口单纯清除注射材料、清除材料同时行假体植入、清除材料同时行乳房提升、经乳腔镜清除材料等不同手术方式进行处理.结果 212例患者中单纯经乳晕切口清除139例,乳腔镜清除15例,同期植入假体46例,行乳房提升12例.大部分患者效果满意.结论 注射聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶患者要求清除者,应根据患者的具体注射情况及不同要求,在充分进行术前评估的基础上,采用合理方法进行处理,尽可能减少材料残留,达到满意效果,恢复乳房美观形态.     

Numerical Analysis of Physical Characteristics and Heat Transfer Decoupling Behavior in Bypass Coupling Variable Polarity Plasma Arc

A novel bypass coupling variable polarity plasma arc was proposed to achieve the accurate adjusting of heat and mass transfer in the welding and additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy. However, the physical characteristics and decoupled transfer behavior remain unclear, restricting its application and development. A three-dimensional model of the bypass coupling variable polarity plasma arc was built based on Kirchhoff’s law, the main arc and the bypass arc are coupled by an electromagnetic field. The model of current attachment on the tungsten electrode surface is included for simulating different heating processes of the EP and EN phases in the coupling arc. The distribution of temperature field, flow field, and current density of the bypass coupling variable polarity plasma arc was studied by the three-dimensional numerical model. The heat input on the base metal under different current conditions is quantified. To verify the model, the arc voltages are compared and the results in simulation and experiment agree with each other well. The results show that the radius of the bypass coupling arc with or without bypass current action on the base metal is different, and the flow vector of the bypass coupling arc plasma with bypass current is larger than the arc without bypass current. By comparing the heat transfer on the electrodes’ boundary under different current conditions, it is found that increasing the bypass current results in the rise in heat input on the base metal. Therefore, it is concluded that using bypass current is unable to completely decouple the wire melting and the heat input of the base metal. The decoupled degree of heat transfer is one of the important factors for accurate control in the manufacturing process with this coupling arc.     

广西凌云县1951-2015年疟疾流行分析

目的 了解凌云县疟疾流行趋势,为消除疟疾后继续巩固成果提供建议.方法 收集凌云县1951-2015年疟疾发病数、发热血检及居民普查血检调查、媒介调查、疟疾病人等资料,采用描述性方法进行分析.结果 1951-2015年凌云县共报告疟疾病例数57 619例病例,平均年发病率为57.5/万,占传染病发病数的22.42％;死亡52人,病死率0.09％.1980-2015年居民发热病人血检405 854人,阳性753例,其中间日疟占77.42％(583/753),恶性疟占22.44％(169/753);荧光抗体阳性率由1988年的1.4％(7/500)降至2000-2009年的0.62％ (23/3 725);中华按蚊为主要传疟蚊种.通过几十年来的综合防治,疟疾发病率从1958年的316.05/万下降到1985年的1/万以下,于2000年10月份达到了基本消除疟疾目标.从2005年起已无本地疟疾病例,所报告的病例均为输入性病例,2014年12月通过百色市级消除疟疾考核.结论 落实疟疾综合防治措施效果显著,将继续加强“三热”病人血检监测和输入性疟疾病例监测,巩固消除疟疾成果.