情志护理结合中医疗法治疗失眠的研究进展

综述情志护理结合中医疗法治疗失眠的研究进展,指出大部分都停留在护理环境的改善、与病人沟通交流等方面的经验总结与体会上,涉及诸如情志相胜法等中医特色的护理措施较少,对病人进行心理评估时临床欠缺的是有效量化评估。因此今后应在实践的基础上探索出更有临床意义的情志护理理论及措施。     

Using integrated arts programming to facilitate social and emotional learning in young children with social cognition challenges

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to describe a school-based, integrated arts programme designed to facilitate social and emotional learning (SEL) in young children with social cognitive challenges, and to report on student outcomes. Students received weekly arts instruction over the course of one academic semester as part of their social studies curriculum. SEL instruction was infused throughout. Authors conducted an exploratory study of outcomes using a mixed methods design. We quantified behavioural outcomes for 16 focus students at baseline and again at the end of the programme using a behavioural checklist and several social skills measures. We also gathered qualitative data, specifically end-of-programme interviews with 27 key stakeholders (i.e. instructors and parents). Findings indicated that students made significant gains based on the checklist and social skills measures. Qualitative data indicated that instructors used arts programming to facilitate student growth across all five of CASEL’s SEL domains: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision making.     

Written Emotional Expression During Recovery From Cocaine Dependence: Group and Individual Differences in Craving Intensity

We conducted a prospective, single-blind, parallel group, controlled trial to evaluate effects of written emotional expression in patients receiving intensive treatment for cocaine dependence in a residential-unit setting. Randomization to the emotional expression treatment produced changes in blood pressure and mood during writing sessions, possibly because of its ability to stimulate active coping behavior. At an initial follow-up visit, patients that had received written emotional expression reported lower values for craving intensity and were less likely to self-report use of cocaine. These results may indicate a therapeutic effect of written emotional expression during recovery from cocaine dependence.     

Brief Assessment of Parental Perception (BAPP): Development and validation of a new measure for assessing paediatric outcomes after bilateral cochlear implantation

Objective: In contrast to previous clinical practice, current guidelines recommend bilateral cochlear implantation in children, resulting in a cohort of children who initially received one implant, but have subsequently had a second, contralateral implant. This study aimed to explore satisfaction and quality of life in children implanted simultaneously or sequentially. Design: A novel measure of satisfaction and quality of life following paediatric bilateral cochlear implantation (the Brief Assessment of Parental Perception; BAPP) was developed and preliminary validation undertaken as part of a large, national project of bilateral implantation. Children’s parents completed the measure yearly for up to three years following implantation. Study sample: Children from 14 UK implant centres were recruited into the study; data were available for 410 children one year post-implantation. Results: The BAPP was found to have good face and convergent validity, and internal consistency. Results indicated very high levels of satisfaction with the devices, and improvements in quality of life. However there was evidence that children implanted sequentially were less willing to wear their second implant in the first two years than those children receiving simultaneous implants. Conclusion: Simultaneous and sequential cochlear implants have a positive impact on the quality of life of deaf children.     

Socioemotional Functioning in Bipolar Disorder Versus Typical Development: Behavioral and Neural Differences

Socioemotional dysfunction is a core feature of bipolar disorder (BD) across the lifespan. Recent evidence indicates associations between this atypical functioning and the presence of neurally based anomalies. This article critically reviews the literature on two types of core socioemotional skills that may represent endophenotypes for BD, with a focus on differences between individuals with BD, both youth and adults, and their typically developing peers. First, it examines studies of social cue perception and interpretation, with an emphasis on behavioral and neural studies of facial expression processing. Second, it shifts to examine behavioral and neural differences in cognitive and behavioral flexibility. Finally, the article summarizes potential future directions for research in this area.     

中医情志护理对急性缺血性脑卒中患者愤怒的应用效果

目的 探讨中医情志护理在急性缺血性脑卒中后愤怒患者中的应用效果.方法 将125例急性脑卒中后愤怒患者随机分为观察组63例和对照组62例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组在此基础上增加中医情志护理,在干预后分别采用状态-特质愤怒表达问卷和生活质量问卷进行评定和比较.结果 干预后观察组状态-特质愤怒问卷各因子得分显著低于对照组,量表得分在躯体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、社会功能、认识功能、总体生活质量功能状态较对照组明显提高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t =6.51、4.62、3.21、4.87、2.98、5.13,P＜0.05).结论 中医情志护理有利于改善急性缺血性脑卒中患者愤怒情绪,减轻负性情绪对身体的不良影响,促进患者身心康复,提高患者的生活质量.     

Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Antero-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Sub-Regions in Major Depression and Relationship to Emotional Intelligence

Background:

Major depressive disorder has been associated with abnormal resting-state functional connectivity (FC), especially in cognitive processing and emotional regulation networks. Although studies have found abnormal FC in regions of the default mode network (DMN), no study has investigated the FC of specific regions within the anterior DMN based on cytoarchitectonic subdivisions of the antero-medial pre-frontal cortex (PFC). Studies from different areas in the field have shown regions within the anterior DMN to be involved in emotional intelligence. Although abnormalities in this region have been observed in depression, the relationship between the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) function and emotional intelligence has yet to be investigated in depressed individuals.

Methods:

Twenty-one medication-free, non–treatment resistant, depressed patients and 21 healthy controls underwent a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging session. The participants also completed an ability-based measure of emotional intelligence: the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test. FC maps of Brodmann areas (BA) 25, 10m, 10r, and 10p were created and compared between the two groups.

Results:

Mixed-effects analyses showed that the more anterior seeds encompassed larger areas of the DMN. Compared to healthy controls, depressed patients had significantly lower connectivity between BA10p and the right insula and between BA25 and the perigenual anterior cingulate cortex. Exploratory analyses showed an association between vmPFC connectivity and emotional intelligence.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that individuals with depression have reduced FC between antero-medial PFC regions and regions involved in emotional regulation compared to control subjects. Moreover, vmPFC functional connectivity appears linked to emotional intelligence.