27例胃肠道间质瘤外科处理分析

目的探讨不同手术方式对胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）复发及预后的影响。方法回顾性分析我科8年来收治的GIST患者临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为两组,A组为行肿瘤局部切除术者14例,B组为行肿瘤所在器官大部分切除、全切或包括淋巴结清扫的扩大切除术者12例,对两组病例进行随访,分别计算中位生存期、1年、2年和5年生存率、复发率,并对两组数据进行比较。结果A组14例中13例获得随访,中位生存时间36个月,B组12例均获得随访,中位生存时间40个月,两组比较,P〉0.05;A组1年、2年和5年生存率分别为92．3％、85．4％和69．2％,B组1年、2年和5年生存率分别为91．7％、83．3％和66．7％,两组比较,P〉0．05。说明两组手术对患者生存时间的影响无统计学意义。A组术后出现复发和转移2例,占14．3％,B组术后出现复发和转移2例,占16．7％,两组比较,P〉0．05,说明两种手术方式对复发和转移率的影响无统计学意义。结论手术切除是治疗GIST的最好方法,只要肿瘤完整切除,采用局部切除或扩大切除对术后复发和转移影响不大。     

结直肠癌淋巴结转移与部分肿瘤分子标志物表达的相关性研究

目的 探讨部分肿瘤相关分子标志物免疫组织化学的表达与结直肠癌淋巴结转移的相关性.方法 应用免疫组织化学技术检测65例结直肠癌手术标本Ki-67、p53的表达情况,对照手术所见和手术标本的病理检查结果 ,研究这些肿瘤相关分子标志物与肿瘤的生物学特性如浸润和淋巴结转移等的关系.结果 65例结直肠癌手术标本Ki-67、p53免疫组织化学的表达与肿瘤肠壁浸润深度无明显相关性(P＞0.05).Ki-67的表达及Ki-67标记指数的表达与淋巴结转移及Dukes分期有明显的相关性(P＜0.01);p53标记指数的表达与淋巴结转移有相关性(P＜0.05),与Dukes分期有明显的相关性(P＜0.01).结论 作为反应细胞增殖活性的肿瘤相关分子标志物Ki-67,其免疫组织化学的表达程度可间接反映结直肠癌淋巴结转移状况,可能成为反映淋巴结转移的一个标志物.     

IGF-1R硫代反义寡核苷酸抗人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤的研究

目的探讨IGF-1R硫代反义寡核苷酸（IGF-1R APSODN）对人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤的治疗效果及毒性作用。方法构建40只人肝癌裸鼠原位移植瘤模型，设溶剂对照组、IGF-1R APSODN（75，50，25mg／kg）三剂量组及氟尿嘧啶阳性对照组，各组裸鼠静脉给药25次，用药期间监测裸鼠体重变化，实验结束后行全血分析，肝肿瘤体积、重量测量，计算抑瘤率，病理组织学检查。重复实验一次。结果两次实验IGF-1R APSODN各剂量组肝肿瘤体积和重量均小于溶剂对照组，其中75mg／kg组抑瘤率分别为76．36％、71．81％，50mg／kg组抑瘤率分别为55．65％、61．74％，25mg／kg组抑瘤率分别为47．72％、50．34％。结论IGF-1R APSODN是一种高效、低毒的抗肝癌生物学药物。     

脑胶质瘤BCNU治疗方法的对比研究

目的比较手术结合瘤腔局部缓释化疗和手术结合静脉化疗治疗脑胶质瘤的效果。方法回顾分析我院2003年2月至2005年4月间胶质瘤病例48例,其中手术结合瘤腔局部缓释化疗治疗胶质瘤20例,设为A组,手术结合静脉化疗治疗胶质瘤28例,设为B组,分别比较两组有效率、中位生存期、1年控制率。结果A、B两组有效率分别为85.0%和53.6%,中位生存时间分别为(49±19.75)周和(36±13.96)周,1年肿瘤控制率分别为85.0%和57.1%,三种指标两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论手术结合瘤腔缓释化疗比手术结合静脉化疗获得了更为满意的疗效。     

uPA、uPAR和PTEN在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和转移的关系

目的研究膀胱移行细胞癌uPA、uPAR及抑癌基因PTEN蛋白的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭、转移的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学SP法检测60例膀胱移行细胞癌组织uPA、uPAR和PTEN蛋白的表达。结果uPA、uPAR和PTEN阳性表达率分别为50.00%、50.00%和41.67%。uPA和uPAR的高表达与膀胱移行细胞癌的分化程度、浸润和转移关系密切(P<0.05);PTEN蛋白的低表达与膀胱移行细胞癌的分化程度、浸润和转移密切相关(P<0.05);膀胱癌中uPA和uP-AR与PTEN蛋白表达呈负相关(r=-0.481,P<0.05)。结论uPA和uPAR的高表达可能作为膀胱移行细胞癌侵袭、转移的指征之一,PTEN可能作为膀胱移行细胞癌预后不良的指标;uPA和uPAR对肿瘤细胞侵袭转移的作用可能在一定程度上受到PTEN的调控。     

Origin of Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

Autopsy temporal bone sections showing a one mm papillary glandular neoplasm, confined to the left endolymphatic duct, are described. This is the second literature report confirming the post-mortem site of origin of the “endolymphatic sac tumor”. The patient died after surgery for right vestibular schwannoma, but no features of von Hippel Lindau disease or neurofibromatosis 2 had been displayed clinically or at autopsy. A study of the epithelium of normal human mature endolymphatic ducts and sacs (EDSs) in archival temporal bone sections showed hyperplastic tubular outgrowths, usually situated in the intraosseous portion of the endolymphatic sac, in most cases. Such appearances imply that the epithelium of the EDS has the potential of producing a malignant papillary glandular neoplasm. Papillary ingrowths, some forming collagenous polypoid projections, and cysts were frequent among the epithelial cells. Psammoma bodies were present in the ducts and sacs of older patients. Appearances suggesting erosion of the bony interface of vestibular aqueduct with EDS could be ascribed to the entry and exit of blood vessels into and from the vestibular aqueduct. Care should be taken in the evaluation of surgical or autopsy material from EDSs not to overcall any of these normal features as malignant.     

膝关节周围骨巨细胞瘤的手术治疗

目的:回顾性分析膝关节周围骨巨细胞瘤行手术治疗的病例,探讨骨巨细胞瘤手术病灶刮除与功能重建的方法与疗效。方法:膝关节周围骨巨细胞瘤21例,男15例,女6例;年龄6～72岁,平均43岁。股骨下端骨巨细胞瘤14例,胫骨上端骨巨细胞瘤7例。无症状偶然发现者2例,膝关节周围疼痛肿胀伴活动障碍者19例。除1例采用截肢术外,对8例儿童及青少年采用瘤体扩大刮除、灭活、植骨治疗;对12例18岁以上成年人采用肿瘤扩大刮除、灭活、植骨及骨水泥充填,钢板内固定治疗。结果:20例获随访,随访时间6～48个月,平均42个月。术后肿瘤复发3例,切口液化坏死1例。膝关节功能按李强一等标准评价:优11例,良6例,差3例。结论:对膝关节周围骨巨细胞瘤采用肿瘤扩大刮除、灭活、植骨或骨水泥充填重建功能,降低了肿瘤的复发率,并最大程度地保留了肢体功能。     

Bromodeoxyuridine Labeling Index as an Indicator of Early Tumor Response to Preoperative Radiotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer

Purpose Assessment of tumor proliferation rate using Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (BrdUrdLI) as a possible predictor of rectal cancer response to preoperative radiotherapy (RT). Methods and material Ninety-two patients were qualified either to short RT (5 Gy/fraction/5 days) and surgery about 1 week after RT (schedule I), or to short RT and 4–5 weeks interval before surgery (schedule II). Tumor samples were taken twice from each patient: before RT and at the time of surgery. The samples were incubated with BrdUrd for 1 h at 37°C, and the BrdUrdLI was calculated as a percentage of BrdUrd-labeled cells. Results Thirty-eight patients were treated according to schedule I and 54 patients according to schedule II. Mean BrdUrdLI before RT was 8.5% and its value did not differ between the patients in the two compared groups. After RT tumors showed statistically significant growth inhibition (reduction of BrdUrdLI). As the pretreatment BrdUrd LI was not predictive for early clinical and pathologic tumor response, prognostic role of the ratio of BrdUrdLI after to BrdUrdLI before RT was considered. The ratios were calculated separately for fast (BrdUrd LI > 8.5%) and slowly (BrdUrd LI ≤ 8.5%) proliferating tumors and correlated with overall treatment time (OTT, i.e., time from the first day of RT to surgery). One month after RT, accelerated proliferation was observed only in slowly proliferating tumors. Conclusions Pretreatment BrdUrdLI was not predictive for early clinical and pathologic tumor response. The ratio after/before RT BrdUrdLI was correlated to inhibition of proliferation in responsive tumors. The paper was presented at ECCO 13, October 30 to November 03, 2005 in Paris, France     

Mesenchymal Hamartoma of the Liver Accompanied by a Daughter Nodule: Report of a Case

Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver (MHL) is an uncommon benign tumor found primarily in children younger than 2 years of age. We report a rare case of MHL with a daughter nodule and atypical histological findings in a 14-month-old girl. On admission, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography showed a solid hypovascular mass with a central cystic area in the liver. Laparotomy revealed a tumor, 8 cm in size, occupying segment 5 and parts of segments 4 and 6 of the liver, and a small nodule, 10 mm in size, in segment 7. Thus, we performed a partial hepatic resection (S4–6) and tumor extirpation (S7). The histological findings of both tumors were the same, but atypical of MHL. Recent studies on the pathogenesis of this tumor have found neoplastic features such as genetic anomalies and malignant transformation. These findings suggest that the conventional approach of completely resecting the tumor whenever possible is the best treatment.