广泛性焦虑障碍的担忧及其测量

广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）是普遍存在于焦虑症患者之中的基础焦虑障碍，担忧是其核心特征。在众多担忧理论之中，Wells的元认知理论是目前最有效地解释GAD的理论。由该理论发展而来的担忧量表对GAD的鉴别及诊断都显示了很好的信度和效度。     

Intraepithelial neoplasia, human papilloma virus infection and argyrophilic nucleoprotein in cervical epithelium

A silver colloid technique was applied to 50 colposcopic biopsies of cervix. These comprised nine cases of wart virus infection of the cervix, 11 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, nine cases of CIN II, eight cases of CIN III, seven normal biopsies and six cases showing only incomplete squamous metaplasia. The mean numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORS) increased from CIN I to CIN III. Statistically significant differences for AgNORs were found in comparisons between CIN III, normal basal cells, human papilloma virus-infected basal cells and incomplete squamous metaplasia, and in comparisons between normal basal cells and human papilloma virus-infected basal cells. CIN III could be distinguished from incomplete squamous metaplasia and from basal cells and from human papilloma virus-infected basal cells. The latter could be distinguished from normal basal cells on the basis of their AgNORs. It is suggested that this simple technique is diagnostically useful and has considerable clinicopathological potential in cervical pathology and cytology.     

药物从多孔骨架聚合物系统中恒速释放的机理

以组分的连续性方程为基础 ,建立了药物从多孔骨架聚合物系统中释放的数学模型。在模型中引入相对渗透速度来刻画药物释放过程中不同机理的影响。对药物从多孔骨架聚合物系统中non -Fickian扩散现象进行了研究 ,特别对药物溶出机制控制的恒速释药现象进行了解释。     

Visual discrimination learning in dwarf goats and associated changes in heart rate and heart rate variability

We studied visual discrimination learning in a group of Nigerian dwarf goats using a computer-based learning device which was integrated in the animals' home pen. We conducted three consecutive learning tasks (T1, T2 and T3), each of which lasted for 13 days. In each task, a different set of four visual stimuli was presented on a computer screen in a four-choice design. Predefined sequences of stimulus combinations were presented in a pseudorandom order. Animals were rewarded with drinking water when they chose the positive stimulus by pressing a button next to it. Noninvasive measurements of goats' heartbeat intervals were carried out on the first and the last 2 days of each learning task. We analysed heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) of resting animals to study sustained physiological effects related to general learning challenge rather than acute excitement during an actual learning session. The number of trials to reach the learning criterion was 1000 in T1, when visual stimuli were presented to the goats for the first time, but decreased to 210 in T2 and 240 in T3, respectively. A stable plateau of correct choices between 70% and 80% was reached on Day 10 in T1, on Day 8 in T2 and on Day 6 in T3. We found a significant influence of the task and of the interaction between task and day on learning success. Whereas HR increased throughout T1, this relationship was inverted in T2 and T3, indicating different effects on the HR depending on how familiar goats were with the learning task. We found a significant influence of the task and the interaction between task and time within the task on HRV parameters, indicating changes of vagal activity at the heart. The results suggest that changes in HR related to learning were predominantly caused by a withdrawal of vagal activity at the heart. With regard to nonlinear processes in heartbeat regulation, increased deterministic shares of HRV indicated that the animals did not really relax until the end of T3. Comparing changes of HR and HRV in T3 and in a subsequent postexperiment (PE), we assume a positive effect of such cognitive challenges once the task had been learned by the animals.     

Single-equation models for the tear film in a blink cycle: realistic lid motion.

We consider model problems for the tear film over multiple blink cycles that utilize a single equation for the tear film; the single non-linear partial differential equation that governs the film thickness arises from lubrication theory. The two models that we consider arise from considering the absence of naturally occurring surfactant and the case when the surfactant is strongly affecting the surface tension. The film is considered on a time-varying domain length with specified film thickness and volume flux at each end; only one end of the domain is moving, which is analogous to the upper eyelid moving with each blink. Realistic lid motion from observed blinks is included in the model with end fluxes specified to more closely match the blink cycle than those previously reported. Numerical computations show quantitative agreement with in vivo tear film thickness measurements under partial blink conditions. A transition between periodic and non-periodic solutions has been estimated as a function of closure fraction and this may be a criterion for what is effectively a full blink according to fluid dynamics.     

Exercise motivation and adherence in cancer survivors after participation in a randomized controlled trial: An attribution theory perspective

The purpose of this study was to examine postprogram exercise motivation and adherence in cancer survivors who participated in the Group Psychotherapy and Home-Based Physical Exercise (GROUP-HOPE; Courneya, Friedenreich, Sela, Quinney, & Rhodes, 2002) trial. At the completion of the GROUP-HOPE trial, 46 of 51 (90%) participants in the exercise group completed measures of attribution theory constructs. A5-week follow-up self-report of exercise wasthen completed by 30 (65%) participants. Correlational analyses indicated that program exercise, perceived success, expected success, and affective reactions were strong predictors of postprogram exercise. In multivariate stepwise regression analyses, program exercise and perceived successwere the strongest predictors of postprogram exercise. Additionally, perceived success was more important than objective success in understanding the attribution process, and it interacted with personal control to influence expected success and negative affect. Finally, postprogram quality of life and changes in physical fitness were correlates of perceived success. We concluded that attribution theory may have utility for understanding postprogram exercise motivation and adherence in cancer survivors.     

心脏超声诊断数据挖掘尝试--粗糙集理论运用

本文的目的是要寻找心脏超声实测指标与心脏病变类型的关系,以建立模型,协助临床医生更科学更准确地进行诊断。但超声实测数据函数关系复杂,难以用传统的统计方法进行分析。因此本文采用粗糙集理论挖掘心脏超声实测指标与心脏病变类型的规则。结果把挖掘出的规则应用到心脏超声诊断上,取得了令人满意的效果。     

Evaluating plasma holds in the presence of multiple infections

To protect plasma supplies, donors are screened for infectiousdiseases. As an added measure of protection, donations are identifiedand stored for a period of time to allow future discard in theevent that an identified donor subsequently tests positive forsome screened disease. Previous models for evaluating such plasmaholds have only addressed the case of a single infectious disease.This paper extends the analysis to the case of multiple infections.Given knowledge of the marginal incidence rates for those infectionschecked, upper and lower bounds for important quantities suchas the probability of interdicting an infectious but undetecteddonation, the expected number of infections interdicted perdonation, and the net economic benefits of the holding policyare developed. Several examples are developed, illustratinghow the models can be used to evaluate the consequences of aplasma hold.