热力学模型对石油低压汽液平衡计算的适用性

以Maxwell-Bonnel图拟合式、对比态Antoine方程及Pitzer-Riedel关联式分别求算饱和蒸汽压P^0,并用RoultK值（K＝P^0／P）,计算窄留分K值。根据实测的中原、孤岛和克拉玛依石油馏分低压K值,考察上述三式,结果表明：对比态Antoine式预测精度是最好的,其温度预测绝对平均偏差为7．0℃,K值预测平均相对偏差为15．6％,其他两模型偏差均较大。     

基于甜味受体整合中药“效味”和“滋味”探索玉竹甘味药性物质基础

目的 基于甜味受体整合中药“效味”和“滋味”探索玉竹Polygonatum odoratum甘味药性物质基础,为中药药性物质研究提供新视角。方法 以多糖、皂苷、黄酮成分为玉竹甘味药性物质筛选对象,分析其对“阴虚”小鼠体质量、体温、食量、饮水量、大便含水量、皮肤含水量及Na⁺,K⁺-ATP酶、Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATP酶活性和水通道蛋白1(aquaporin 1,AQP1)、AQP3 m RNA表达量的影响,基于“效味”探索玉竹甘味药性物质;以典型甘、苦、辛、酸、咸味中药建立中药“五味”标准,利用电子舌技术及主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA),分别比较玉竹多糖、皂苷、黄酮与中药“五味”的欧式距离及投射的区域,基于“滋味”探索玉竹甘味药性物质。将基于“效味”和“滋味”相同的甘味药性物质确定为玉竹甘味药性物质基础,并采用整体动物考察其对胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon-like peptide-1,GLP-1)分泌的影响,分子对接考察甘味药性物质与甜味受体...     

Drugs acting on the heart: heart failure and coronary insufficiency

Heart failure (HF) and coronary insufficiency are common amongst surgical and critical care patients. Both are chronic conditions interrupted by acute episodes. HF activates neurohormonal mechanisms that worsen renal and cardiac function. Acute heart failure (AHF) commonly presents with dyspnoea as a consequence of systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction. Goals of treatment are symptom relief to maintain tissue perfusion and optimize cardiac function. Diuretics and vasodilators are used early; positive inotropic drugs are reserved for when other treatment has failed. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is treated using changes in lifestyle and drugs to manage symptoms. ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers are effective in systolic heart failure and are associated with improved mortality. HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is less responsive to drug therapy, though outcomes are better than for systolic HF. Coronary insufficiency occurs because of an imbalance of myocardial oxygen balance, leading to symptoms of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Treatment goals are maintaining coronary blood flow and reducing myocardial oxygen demand. Beta-blockers and anti-platelet drugs improve outcomes; modern anti-platelets are more effective but are associated with risks of haemorrhage. Statins are effective for primary and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction; they have additional anti-inflammatory properties.     

2011年与2017年南京市≥25岁居民归因于豆类摄入不足的缺血性心脏病疾病负担研究

目的了解2011年与2017年南京25岁及以上人群归因于豆类摄入不足的缺血性心脏病(IHD)疾病负担和期望寿命损失情况,为IHD的饮食防控策略提供数据支撑。方法本研究资料来源于2011年和2017年南京市慢性病及其危险因素监测、南京市死因监测和2017全球疾病负担(GBD)资料,采用GBD团队提供的Excel插件程序计算人群归因分值(PAF),估算豆类摄入不足导致的IHD死亡和寿命损失。使用SPSS 20.0软件进行t检验。结果2017年,南京市因豆类摄入不足导致IHD的死亡例数占IHD总死亡例数的13.73%,较2011年(12.44%)增长了10.37%。2017年南京市归因于豆类摄入不足的IHD死亡例数和过早死亡损失寿命年(YLL)分别为645例、8116人年,较2011年(449例、6610人年)分别上升43.65%、22.78%;而标化归因死亡率和标化YLL率分别由2011年的11.05/10万、155.72/10万下降至2017年的8.86/10万、118.66/10万,下降率分别为19.82%、23.80%。2017年,豆类摄入不足导致的IHD死亡使期望寿命损失0.17岁,男性、女性分别损失0.13、0.21岁;与2011年相比,2017年男性、女性及总人群归因于豆类摄入不足的期望寿命损失均上升。结论豆类摄入不足已成为影响南京市居民死亡和期望寿命的饮食危险因素之一,应积极倡导合理膳食,增加居民豆类摄入水平,从而减少心血管疾病负担。     

多发性骨髓瘤负性相关基因DAZAP2蛋白高效表达和纯化

目的在前期的研究中，DAZAP2基因在多发性骨髓瘤（Multiple myeloma，MM）患者中表达明显下调，可能为MM的负性基因．须进一步获得DAZAP2蛋白，制备抗体，从而在蛋白水平上研究DAZAP2的表达、结构和功能．方法将原核重组质粒pQE30－DAZAP2转化大肠杆菌，阳性菌株经1 mmol／LIPTG诱导表达目的蛋白，再经过纯化和透析结果IPTG诱导4hr时，得到大量重组目的蛋白，占可溶蛋白的20％左右，经过Ni—NTA层析柱纯化。获得分子量为17kD的DAZAP2蛋白浓度为0．97mg／m1．结论DAZAP2蛋白获得高效表达，并且建立快速简便的纯化方法，目的蛋白可以用于下一步的实验．     

兔急性心肌缺血时心肌非缺血区的电生理学变化

本研究通过结扎家免在位心脏冠状动脉左室支造成急性心肌缺血。结果显示不仅缺血区心肌有明显的电生理变化，在非缺血区亦有电生理变化，后者主要表现为广泛的非缺血区域有效不应期（ERP）呈普遍轻度延长，与缺血边缘带共同形成一个不应期离散和跃变带。这种电生理紊乱易于诱发折反性心律失常的产生。升高循环血中几条酚胺浓度并不能模拟非缺血区的电生理变化。刺激连走神经外周瑞虽可使自然心律情况下的ERP延长，但却不能使固定心律情况下的ERP延长。提示非缺血区的电生理学变化并非由于心肌缺血时交感或迷走神经张力增高所致，而可能有其它原因。     

Human Peripheral Eosinophils with Receptors for IgM: Demonstration and Ultrastructural Morphology

Receptors for IgM were detected on peripheral blood human eosinophils by a rosette technique with ox red blood cells coated with the IgM fraction of the specific immunserum. Between 14 % and 43 % (mean 27 %) FcµR positive cells were found after an overnight incubation period at 37°C by using this technique. The specificity of the receptors for IgM was assessed by studying the inhibitory capacity of purified human IgM in the rosette assay. From an ultrastructural point of view, the EA^M rosette-forming cells are mature eosinophlic granulocytes characterized by a nucleus with a variable number of lobes and a certain number of «first type» granules partially or totally devoid of their content.     

Optimum dose of epidural morphine for postsurgical analgesia

To determine the optimum dose of epidural morphine for postoperative pain control, 0.5–4.0mg of morphine was administered to 198 patients who had undergone operations on lower abdomen or lower extremities under continuous epidural anesthesia. Analgesic effect of morphine and incidence of nausea or vomiting were studied using linear discriminant analysis. As explanatory variables, age and dose of morphine were statistically significant in discriminating analgesic effect of morphine. Among indices for physique of patients, height was the most useful for predicting the analgesic effect. The dose which made the discriminant function zero corresponded to the minimum effective dose (MED) of morphine and it was expressed as follows; MED (mg·meter^–1) = –0.0107 × age + 1.85. Predicting the incidence of nausea or vomiting in relation to the dose of morphine did not reach a level of statistical significance.(Ochi G, Yamane C, Arai T: Optimum dose of epidural morphine for postsurgical analgesia. J Anesth 4: 35–39, 1990)