“培土生金”法在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中对慢性阻塞性肺疾病的作用

目前,新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")在我国已经得到阶段性地控制,但在世界范围,患者仍不断增加,且仍有不少境外输入病例不断进入国内。因此,现阶段对新冠肺炎疫情防控仍处于关键时期。慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是我国中老年人常见的呼吸系统疾病,患者常存在肺脾气虚的证候表现,加之免疫力、抵抗力较低,是新冠肺炎的易感人群。COPD与新冠肺炎同属呼吸系统疾病,二者在病因上具有一定的相似性,且具有相同的病变脏腑。二者在发病过程中,都会产生"湿、毒、热"的病理因素,影响肺、脾与大肠等脏腑的生理功能,致使其在病机上具有相关性,且贯穿疾病的始终。脾胃的盛衰是治疗新冠肺炎进退的关键。培土生金法有健脾益肺,化湿祛毒的含义,可以同时调节肺、脾、大肠三个脏腑,改善相关脏腑的功能,达到肺肠同治、肺脾同调的作用。因此培土生金法不仅是治疗COPD的常用方法,也可以作为本次新冠肺炎"湿、毒、热"病理因素的治疗方法。参苓白术散是培土生金法的代表方剂,有益气健脾化湿的功效,契合本次新冠肺炎"湿毒疫邪"的主要病机,对COPD患者具有扶正祛邪,增加免疫力的作用。同时也可以采用培土生金法选取相应穴位艾灸,加强对新冠肺炎的预防。因此,培土生金法可作为疫情期间COPD患者预防新冠肺炎的治疗方法。     

Efficient Up-Conversion ZnO Co-Doped (Er,Yb) Nanopowders Synthesized via the Sol-Gel Process for Photovoltaic Applications

In this study, undoped and (Erbium, Ytterbium) co-doped ZnO nanopowders were prepared using the sol-gel method and the supercritical drying of ethyl alcohol. Doping ZnO nanopowders were elaborated with 5 mol% of Er (5 Er: ZnO), 5 mol% of Er and 5 mol% of Yb (5 Er, 5 Yb: ZnO), and 5 mol% of Er and 10 mol% of Yb (5 Er, 10 Yb: ZnO) concentrations. The effects of the Yb concentration on the structural, morphological, photoluminescent, and electrical properties of the ZnO nanopowders were investigated. The main findings of this work were the crystallinization of all of the nanopowders in a hexagonal Wurtzite structure with a spheroidal morphology and a size of 60 nm. Hence, the doping concentration would affect the crystallinity and the morphology of the ZnO nanopowder. The UC (Up-Conversion) emissions were investigated under a 980 nm excitation. It was observed that (Er, Yb: ZnO) exhibited green, ranging between 525 nm and 550 nm and red up-converted emissions of 655 nm, due to the efficient energy transfer process between Er³⁺ and Yb³⁺. The absolute quantum yield percentage (QY %) of the doped nanopowders was measured as a function of power density at each up-converted emission. This would prove that (5 Er, 5 Yb: ZnO) had the highest QY percentage value of 6.31 ± 0.2% at a power density of 15.7 W/cm². Additionally, it had the highest excited state lifetime for green and red emissions. Moreover, the Hall effect measures showed that the resistivity decreased while the electron mobility increased after doping, suggesting that most of rare earth ions were located in the interstitial positions. The carrier concentration increased after doping until (5 Er, 5 Yb: ZnO), suggesting that the Zn²⁺ ions substituted the RE³⁺ ions. Then, the carrier concentration decreased, suggesting that doping with higher concentrations would cause grain boundary defects. These findings would suggest that (5 Er, 5 Yb: ZnO) would have the best electrical properties and the lowest band gap energy (3.24 eV). Therefore, the presented preparation of the (Er, Yb: ZnO) nanopowders elaborated, using the sol-gel process would be a potential interesting material for UC applications.     

The Discrepancy between Coal Ash from Muffle,Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB), and Pulverized Coal (PC) Furnaces,with a Focus on the Recovery of Iron and Rare Earth Elements

Coal ash (CA) is not only one of the most solid wastes from combustion, easily resulting in a series of concerns, but it is also an artificial deposit with considerable metals, such as iron and rare earth. The variation in the coal ash characteristics due to the origins, combustion process, and even storage environment has been hindering the metal utilization from coal ash. In this study, three ash sample from lab muffle, circulating fluidized bed (CFB), and pulverized coal (PC) furnace was derived for the discrepancy study from the combustion furnace, including properties, iron, and rare earth recovery. The origins of the coal feed samples have more of an effect on their properties than combustion furnaces. Magnetic separation is suitable for coal ash from PC because of the magnetite product, and the iron content is 58% in the Mag-1 fraction, with a yield of 3%. The particles in CA from CFB appear irregular and fragmental, while those from PC appear spherical with a smooth surface. The results of sequential chemical extraction and observation both indicated that the aluminosilicate phase plays an essential role in rare earth occurrences. Rare earth in CA from muffling and CFB is facilely leached, with a recovery of approximately 50%, which is higher than that from PC ash. This paper aims to offer a reference to easily understand the difference in metal recovery from coal ash.     

PRRX1/FOXM1 reduces gemcitabin-induced cytotoxicity by regulating autophagy in bladder cancer

BackgroundBladder cancer (BC) is a common urological malignancy with high mortality worldwide. Many proteins can influence tumorigenesis by participating in cellular processes. Recently, abundant evidence has illustrated that paired related homeobox 1 (PRRX1) is closely related to the progression and development of human cancers. However, the function of PRRX1 in BC remains poorly understood. The aim of our study is to explore the role of PRRX1 in BC progression.MethodsThe expression of genes (PRRX1, FOXM1, LC3B, and Beclin-1) was examined through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. The expression of proteins (PRRX1, FOXM1, LC3B, and Beclin-1) was measured through immunohistochemistry. Cell viability and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration were detected using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed through flow cytometry. Autophagy was tested by GFP-LC3 immunofluorescence assay. Tumors were grown in nude mice in vivo, and the tumor size, volume, and weight were evaluated.ResultsIn our study, PRRX1 was highly expressed in BC tissues and cells, and high PRRX1 expression resulted in poor overall survival in patients with BC. PRRX1 accelerated the viability and hindered the apoptosis of BC cells. It also weakened gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity and strengthened gemcitabine-induced autophagy. PRRX1 was found to cooperate with forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) to influence downstream genes, and FOXM1 was found to regulate Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) genes to influence autophagy. PRRX1 up-regulated the expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 by cooperating with FOXM1. In rescue assays, FOXM1 reversed the effects of PRRX1 on gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity and autophagy. Knockdown of PRRX1 enhanced the inhibitive effects of gemcitabine on tumor growth in vivo.ConclusionsPRRX1 reduces gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in BC cells by regulating the expression of the autophagy proteins LC3 and Beclin-1. This discovery suggests that PRRX1 may be a useful therapeutic biomarker for BC.     

配对盒基因1甲基化检测对宫颈癌诊断价值的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta系统分析评价中国人群中配对盒基因1(PAX1)甲基化检测对宫颈癌的诊断价值.方法 检索万方、中国知网、维普、PubMed、Embase数据库,筛选相关文献后提取数据,采用QUADAS-2标准对纳入文献进行质量评价,再对提取数据行初步合并,以判定异质性和诊断效能,进一步探讨异质性来源及亚组分析,最后以漏...     

稀土元素在光催化降解抗生素中的应用研究进展

摘要：抗生素广泛应用于医疗和农业生产之中,由于传统的废水处理工艺不能够有效地去除废水中的抗生素,导致目前环 境中已经广泛检测到抗生素的存在。为了预防抗生素污染扩散带来的危害,人们投入了大量的资源研究抗生素的去除方法。本 文参考国内外文献总结了近几年稀土元素在光催化降解抗生素中的应用研究情况,深入揭示了稀土元素在光催化降解抗生素应 用中发挥的作用。主要内容包括：稀土元素掺杂、稀土元素参与构建异质结和稀土元素掺杂与异质结共用的光催化降解;稀土 元素应用在光催化降解抗生素中的3种方法的分析对比;对稀土元素应用于光催化降解抗生素的未来展望。     

稀土杂多配合物的合成及抗流感病毒的活性研究

稀土杂多配合物的合成及抗流感病毒的活性研究刘杰王恩波周云山胡长文（东北师范大学化学系，长春１３００２４）杂多配合物（ｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｏｌｙｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓ，简称ＨＰＣ）是一类多金属氧酸盐（ｐｏｌｙｏｘｏｍｅｔａｌａｔｅｓ）［１］，其基本骨架为：中心...     

基于IRS2/PI3K/FOXO4信号通路研究复方仙草颗粒抑制糖尿病肾病足细胞上皮-间充质转化的作用机制

目的 基于胰岛素受体底物2（insulin receptor substrate 2,IRS2）/磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶（phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase,PI3K）/叉头框蛋白O4（forkhead box O4,FOXO4）信号通路探讨复方仙草颗粒抑制糖尿病肾病（diabetic nephropathy,DN）大鼠肾足细胞上皮-间充质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT）的作用机制。方法 采用单侧肾切除、高糖高脂饲料喂养及一次性ip链脲佐菌素制备DN模型大鼠,另设置对照组和假手术组,将造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组、厄贝沙坦（15.75 mg/kg）组和复方仙草颗粒组低、中、高剂量（315.0、472.5、945.0 mg/kg）组,各给药组ig相应药物,连续6周。检测各组大鼠空腹血糖、肾脏指数（kidney index,KI）、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐比值（urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio,UACR）、尿素氮（blood urea nitrogen,BUN）水平;采用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色法观察肾组织病理变化;采用透射电镜（TEM）观察肾足细胞超微结构变化;采用qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测大鼠肾组织足细胞裂孔膜蛋白（nephrin）、P-钙黏蛋白（P-cadherin）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA）、Desmin、成纤维细胞特异蛋白-1（fibroblast specific protein-1,FSP-1）及IRS2/PI3K/FOXO4信号通路相关因子mRNA和蛋白表达。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠KI、UACR、BUN水平均显著升高（P<0.05）,肾小球肥大,肾小管广泛扩张,上皮细胞变性脱落,足突融合或丢失;肾组织nephrin、P-cadherin表达显著降低（P<0.05）,α-SMA、Desmin、FSP-1表达显著升高（P<0.05）,IRS2/PI3K/FOXO4信号通路相关因子mRNA和蛋白表达均显著降低（P<0.05）。与模型组比较,复方仙草颗粒组大鼠KI、UACR、BUN水平显著降低（P<0.05）,肾脏病理结构和足细胞超微结构明显改善;肾组织nephrin、P-cadherin表达显著升高（P<0.05）,α-SMA、Desmin、FSP-1表达显著降低（P<0.05）,IRS2/PI3K/FOXO4信号通路相关因子mRNA和蛋白表达均显著升高（P<0.05）。结论 复方仙草颗粒能够通过调节IRS2/PI3K/FOXO4信号通路改善DN大鼠肾功能,抑制DN大鼠足细胞EMT,减轻足细胞损伤。     

培土生金对脾虚哮喘大鼠气道环核苷酸水平的影响

为探讨培土生金法对哮喘治疗的作用机制。建立大鼠哮喘的脾气虚病证结合模型 ,对其支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数 (Tot)、嗜酸性粒细胞数 (Eos)及环核苷酸 (cAMP和cGMP)含量及二者比值变化进行了观察。结果 ,培土生金中药对脾虚哮喘和哮喘动物均可降低其Tot、Eos(P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 ) ,降低cGMP含量 ,升高cAMP含量和cAMP/cGMP比值 (P <0 0 1或P <0 0 5 )。结论 ,培土生金中药可能通过调整cAMP/cGMP比值而对哮喘起到防治作用。