电针灸治疗精神药物所致肥胖症的临床观察

目的:探讨电针灸治疗精神药物所致肥胖症的疗效。方法:(1)治疗对象为服用精神药物所致的肥胖症患者。(2)符合肥胖症的诊断标准。(3)排除妊娠期、哺乳期患者,共计65人。(4)在主穴的基础上,根据辨证分型配合次穴。(5)先针刺,然后接通G6805-2多用治疗仪。(6)总疗程30次。结果:总有效率为89.23%。结论:电针是精神药物所致肥胖症的安全有效的治疗方法之一,并对治疗精神药物所致肥胖症提出了一些干预措施。     

Graduate Education in the Field of Substance Abuse

Abstract: Twenty-six part-time students from a variety of professional backgrounds are enrolled in the first year of a Graduate Diploma in Social Science (Drug Dependence) at the Phillip Institute of Technology in Victoria. The course is conducted under the auspices of the School of Social Work and commenced in 1984. It is argued that the graduates from this unique course could play a key role in providing personnel to fill positions in the areas of clinical work, staff development, drug education, programme development and management and research.     

Loading anticancer drugs into HDL as well as LDL has little affect on properties of complexes and enhances cytotoxicity to human carcinoma cells

Low density lipoprotein (LDL) has been found to represent a suitable carrier for cytotoxic drugs that may target them to cancer. This study investigated whether very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), LDL and high density lipoprotein (HDL) can be used to effectively incorporate four cytotoxic drugs, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), doxorubicin (Dox) and vindesine; characterized the complexes; and examined the effect of incorporation on drug cytotoxicity against HeLa cervical and MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. Significant drug loading was achieved into all three classes of lipoproteins, consistent with the sizes and hydrophobicity of the drugs. The relative loading efficiency was found to be vindesine>IUdR>Dox>5-FU for all three classes of lipoproteins. As shown by electron microscopy (EM), drug incorporation did not affect the size or morphology of the lipoproteins. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that drug loading did not significantly change the thermal transition temperature of core lipids in the lipoproteins. The transition enthalpy was changed only for LDL–Dox and LDL–vindesine. The drugs remained stable in the lipoproteins as determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). EM, DSC and HPLC data suggest that drugs were incorporated into lipoproteins without disrupting their integrity and drugs remained in their stable forms inside lipoproteins. Compared with free drugs in cytotoxicity assays, the IC₅₀ values of LDL– and HDL–drug complexes were significantly lower (2.4- to 8.6-fold for LDL complexes and 2.5- to 23-fold for HDL complexes). All free or lipoprotein-bound drug formulations were comparably more cytotoxic against MCF-7 than HeLa cells. Upregulating the lipoprotein receptors enhanced, and downregulating them inhibited, the cytotoxicity, indicating the mechanistic involvement of lipoprotein receptor pathways. Complexes of all four drugs with VLDL, in contrast to LDL and HDL, had the same cytotoxicity as the four corresponding free drugs. Our results suggest that further studies are required of the potential of HDL to be a cancer targeting drug carrier.     

Recall of medication during pregnancy: Validity and accuracy of an adjusted questionnaire

Objective — To study the validity and accuracy of an adjusted questionnaire on medical drug use during pregnancy eight years after the pregnancy. Methods — The ability of a questionnaire on medication during pregnancy to detect actual use (= sensitivity) was tested against information collected 8 years previously (in 1983–1984) from 473 women with high-risk pregnancies who delivered at the University Hospital Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Results — For separate drug groups, the sensitivity varied between 5% and 91%. The timing of use was recalled moderately well. Although specific questions on drug groups did improve the sensitivity as compared to an earlier questionnaire, the improvement was not enough to make the questionnaire valid. High maternal education, low birth weight, low gestational age and a low 5-min Apgar score were related to better recall. The sensitivity of the questionnaire depended on the behavioural score of the child, implying recall bias. Conclusion — Questionnaire data on drug use during pregnancy obtained eight years after delivery are not a valid source of information.     

Propriospinal myoclonus after treatment with ciprofloxacin.

The clinical and electrophysiological features of a truncal myoclonus in a 55-year-old man are described. The electromyographic characteristics point toward propriospinal myoclonus. It is suggested that a myoclonic generator was released after use of ciprofloxacin, by antagonising the gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism.     

AmpC酶在主要肠杆菌科和非发酵菌中的携带率及耐药性

目的：调查主要肠杆菌科细菌和非发酵菌产AmpC酶和ESBLs的状况及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性，指导临床合理用药。方法：常规培养分离细菌，应用VTTEK微生物自动分析仪和API鉴定系统鉴定病原菌；药敏试验采用K-B纸片扩散法；AmpC酶检测采用三维试验法；ESBLs检测采用双纸片确认试验。结果：主要肠杆菌科细菌产AmpC酶和ESBLs的阳性率分别为18．9％，52．8％，其中以大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯、产酸克雷伯、阴沟肠杆菌为主，同时产2种酶的菌株占15．4％；绿脓杆菌产AmpC酶和ESBLs酶的阳性率分别为18．2%，，42．0％，同时产2种酶的菌株占13．6％；不动杆菌的产酶率均在8．0％以下,产酶菌的耐药率高于非产酶菌，除绿脓杆菌外，产AmpC酶菌株的耐药率高于产ESBLs菌株．主要肠杆菌科细菌对泰能(IMP)的敏感性为99．5%，而对舒普深(CPZ)的耐药率平均为13．8％；非发酵菌对IMP，马斯平(FEP)、CPZ的耐药率平均分别为20．4％，44．3％，18．6％.结论：主要肠杆菌科细菌的产酶率高于非发酵菌，产AmpC酶的菌株已近20．0%，应引起临床的高度重视；绿脓杆菌产ES-BLs的菌株也较高，也应该加强监控．对产酶菌引起感染的治疗应根据细菌药敏试验结果，合理选择有效的抗菌药物联合治疗；对重症感染患的治疗应根据药敏试验结果重点应用泰能或舒普深治疗。     

Erythema multiforme during cytomegalovirus infection and oral therapy with terbinafine: a virus–drug interaction

The authors report a case of erythema multiforme in a 32-year-old woman who was also taking oral terbinafine for an onychomycosis. The patient data analysis showed serological positivity for cytomegalovirus (IgM and IgG) and hepatitis C virus and serological titre of antinuclear antibody was elevated. After a brief review of the literature the authors propose the possibility of virus-drug interaction as a model of adverse drug reactions.     

Evaluation ofin vitro drug screening leads using experimental models of human ovarian cancer

Summary Five compounds which were identified as potential new anticancer drugs inin vitro screening with the human tumor colony forming assay were selected for further evaluation usingin vitro andin vivo models of human ovarian cancer. Three of five compounds were found to inhibitin vitro colony formation of ovarian cancer cell lines derived from both untreated and combination chemotherapy refractory patients. One compound was also found to prolong survival in a human ovarian carcinoma xenograft model system. This compound, chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide, was selected for development and has shown preliminary indication of activity in phase I clinical testing.     

补中益气汤对“脾虚”大鼠胃粘膜易损伤性的复健作用研究

给大鼠灌胃大黄水提取液１０天，造成类“脾虚”模型进行胃粘膜损伤试验。结果表明该模型对消炎痛、应激因素引起的胃粘膜损伤指数明显高于正常对照组，经补中益气汤治疗７天，其胃粘膜损伤指数较非治疗组明显下降，提示“脾虚”大鼠胃粘膜易损伤性增高，补中益气汤对其有复健作用。