Bubble-Induced Color Doppler Feedback Correlates with Histotripsy-Induced Destruction of Structural Components in Liver Tissue

Bubble-induced color Doppler (BCD) is a histotripsy-therapy monitoring technique that uses Doppler ultrasound to track the motion of residual cavitation nuclei that persist after the collapse of the histotripsy bubble cloud. In this study, BCD is used to monitor tissue fractionation during histotripsy tissue therapy, and the BCD signal is correlated with the destruction of structural and non-structural components identified histologically to further understand how BCD monitors the extent of treatment. A 500-kHz, 112-element phased histotripsy array is used to generate approximately 6-?×?6-?×?7-mm lesions within ex vivo bovine liver tissue by scanning more than 219 locations with 30–1000 pulses per location. A 128-element L7-4 imaging probe is used to acquire BCD signals during all treatments. The BCD signal is then quantitatively analyzed using the time-to-peak rebound velocity (t_prv) metric. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, the t_prv is compared with histologic analytics of lesions generated by various numbers of pulses using a significance level of 0.001. Histologic analytics in this study include viable cell count, reticulin-stained type III collagen area and trichrome-stained type I collagen area. It is found that the t_prv metric has a statistically significant correlation with the change in reticulin-stained type III collagen area with a Pearson correlation coefficient of ?0.94 (p?<0.001), indicating that changes in BCD are more likely because of destruction of the structural components of tissue.     

Screening for subclinical subclavian artery stenosis before coronary artery bypass grafting: Should we do it?

Atherosclerotic subclavian artery disease is detected in about 5% of patients referred for coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery. The internal mammary artery, a branch of the subclavian artery, is the most frequently utilized graft to restore coronary circulation because of its longevity. Stenosis or occlusion of the subclavian artery can cause retrograde blood flow in the ipsilateral internal mammary artery, known as “steal,” compromising coronary circulation supplied by the graft. Steal may be asymptomatic or may result in symptoms of myocardial ischemia. Symptomatic subclavian artery stenosis post bypass is referred to as coronary subclavian steal syndrome post‐CABG. The incidence is not well defined, and the benefits of screening patients referred for CABG are not known. Despite the various modalities available to detect subclavian artery stenosis, current guidelines fail to provide guidance about screening high‐risk patients for this entity. Detection of subclavian artery disease prior to CABG can reduce complications posed by post‐mammary artery graft cardiac ischemia. This review discusses the utility of preoperative subclavian artery screening prior to CABG.     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对卵巢癌的诊断价值

目的探讨经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢癌的诊断价值。方法对86例拟诊为卵巢癌的患者行经阴道及经腹部彩色多普勒超声检查,并同术后病理进行对照,比较两种检查方法对卵巢癌诊断的特异性、敏感性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结果经阴道彩色多普勒超声对卵巢癌的诊断阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于经腹部超声,敏感性高于经腹部超声,两种检查方法的特异性无显著差异。结论彩色多普勒超声检测卵巢癌具有较高的准确率,对于卵巢癌临床的初步定性诊断具有较高的价值。     

经腹彩色多普勒超声在前置胎盘并发胎盘植入诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨经腹彩色多普勒超声在前置胎盘并发胎盘植入诊断中的临床价值。方法选取2012年4月~2015年4月在我院接受治疗的前置胎盘合并胎盘植入患者共100例,采用经腹彩色多普勒对所有患者进行检查,分析检查结果。结果经腹彩色多普勒超声诊断后,共诊断为前置胎盘并发胎盘植入的患者共52例,准确率为98.1%,漏诊患者1例,漏诊率为1.9%。结论采用经腹彩色多普勒超声对产妇的前置胎盘并发胎盘植入疾病进行诊断具有良好的临床价值。     

血管超声诊断下肢静脉血栓的应用价值

目的研究血管超声在下肢静脉血栓中的实际应用价值。方法选取本院2010—2013年收治并确诊为下肢静脉血栓的患者120例,随机分为两组。观察组采用血管超声诊断,对照组采用常规造影检测。观察两组的确诊情况。结果观察组的确诊率高于对照组,漏诊率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论血管超声技术具有操作简单、安全、结果准确等优势,可作为临床诊断血管疾病的首选方法。     

急性中型颅脑损伤后脑血流动力学改变的经颅多普勒超声诊断

目的 探讨经颅多普勒超声(TCD)对中型颅脑损伤早期诊断中的作用及脑血流动力学特点。方法 对40例脑挫伤患者应用TCD观察脑血流动力学改变，并与正常对照组40名健康者进行比较。结果 40例患者中脑血流异常3l例(占77.5％)，异常患者中26例(83.9％)出现脑血流速度增快，7例(22．6％)出现脑血流速度减慢，13例(41.9％)出现搏动指数(PI)增高，收缩峰高尖频谱，以椎基底动脉为主；有3例(9.7％)颅内外各动脉血流速度广泛增快。中型颅脑损伤脑血液流速各期均呈增高趋势。结论 TCD可以早期发现颅脑损伤时的脑血流动力学的异常，是动态观察脑血流动力学变化的理想方法和手段。     

尼莫地平治疗椎基底动脉供血不足的临床报告

目的：观察尼莫地平对椎基底动脉血不足（VBI）患者的疗效。方法：对60例BVI患者分别用尼莫地平（治疗组）和脉络宁（对照组）静滴治疗,疗程14d,对比观察其临床疗效及经颅多普勒超声（TCD）、血液流变学改变。结果：治疗组起效时间快,24h内有效率为66．7％,72h内达93．3％,总有效率达93．3％,对照组分别为6．7％、16．7％、40％,治疗组TCD及血液流变学指标改善明显,2组比较异有显著性（P＜0．01）,未见明显毒副作用。结论：尼莫地平治疗VBI安全有效。