半导体激光诱导大鼠脉络膜新生血管形成

目的探讨应用810 nm半导体激光诱导棕色挪威(BN)大鼠脉络膜新生血管(CNV)模型建立的可行性。方法雄性BN大鼠35只,随机等分为7组,每组各取1只作为对照,其余4只采用810 nm半导体激光光凝大鼠双眼视网膜,于光凝后1、3、7、14、21、28、56 d观察眼底情况,并行眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)和吲哚菁绿血管造影(ICGA),于检查后立即处死,摘取眼球行光学显微镜(LM)检查。结果FFA、ICGA和LM检查均证实,光凝后7 d见CNV开始形成,14 d逐渐增多,21 d达到高峰并能保持稳定,56 d CNV有所减少。结论810 nm半导体激光能成功诱导BN大鼠CNV模型建立,成模所需时间短,成模率高,持续时间较长,操作方便,是一种比较理想的CNV动物模型。     

1470nm激光汽化术与等离子双极电切术用于治疗良性前列腺增生的临床对比研究

目的 比较1470nm半导体激光前列腺汽化术（1470nm diode laser vaporization prostatectomy）与经尿道前列腺等离子双极电切术（bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy,TUPKP）用于治疗良性前列腺增生（benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH）的临床治疗效果及安全性。方法 回顾性分析了笔者医院自2015年6月~2016年2月95例接受手术的BPH患者,按手术方式分为TUPKP组（52例）和 1470nm组（43例）,分析比较患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后留置导尿管时间、术后住院时间及评估手术疗效,包括术后1、3、6个月国际前列腺症状评分（International Prostate Symptom Score,IPSS）、生活质量评分（quality of life score,QoL）、最大尿流率（maximum urinary flow rate,Qmax）、残余尿量（Post-voided residual urine volume,PVR）,并记录近期并发症。结果 两组患者术后IPSS评分、QoL评分、Qmax、PVR较术前均有显著改善,术后6个月IPSS评分：TUPKP组、1470组分别下降至6.3±2.6、6.7±2.4;术后6个月PVR： TUPKP组、1470组分别下降至23.1±20.9、24.3±19.9;术后6个月Qmax： TUPKP组、1470组分别升至18.5±3.1ml/s、18.7±2.8ml/s;两组手术疗效指标差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;手术时间方面TUPKP组、1470组分别为60.1±14.9min、69.3±12.9min（P < 0.05）, TUPKP组较1470nm组手术时间短。1470组在术后住院时间、留置尿管时间、术中出血量方面均优于TUPKP组（P < 0.05）。同时并发症方面,3组间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 两种手术方式对良性前列腺增生患者均有明确的临床疗效,但TUPKP组较1470组手术时间短,1470组较TUPKP组术中出血少、术后恢复快。     

高效液相二极管阵列检测法同时测定丹参粉针剂中4种水溶性成分的含量

目的:建立高效液相二极管阵列检测法同时测定丹参粉针剂中丹参素、原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛和迷迭香酸4种水溶性成分的含量.方法:采用Diamonsil TM C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以5%冰醋酸和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温:30℃,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为298nm.结果:在此色谱条件下4种水溶性成分可完全分离.丹参素、原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛和迷迭香酸的线性范围分别为0.164 4～2.630μg(r=0.999 9),0.007 420～0.118 7 μg(r=1.000 0),0.008 770～0.140 3μg(r=1.000 0),0.019 44～0.31l 0μg(r=1.000 0).平均回收率丹参素为101.6%(RSD为1.1%),原儿茶酸为102.2%(RSD为1.8%),原儿茶醛为101.3%(RSD为2.0%),迷迭香酸为100.9%(RSD为1.6%).结论:本方法快速简便,4组分分离良好,可用于丹参粉针剂的质量控制.     

紫外线A联合异硫氰酸盐杀菌效果评价

  目的  研究紫外线A发光二极管（UVA-LED）与植物化学物烯丙基异硫氰酸盐（AITC）联合对两种致腹泻病原菌的杀菌效果。  方法  以肠致病性大肠杆菌和副溶血性弧菌两种致腹泻病原菌为受试对象,采用不同浓度的烯丙基异硫氰酸盐与UVA_{365 nm}-LED结合进行二因素3 × 2析因设计杀菌实验,以菌落形成单位（CFU）计数细菌存活量并计算各自存活率对数值,然后进行析因设计的方差分析,并做交互效应图。  结果  单独AITC的杀菌效果随着浓度的增高而逐渐增强（P < 0.05）,而且UVA_{365 nm} -LED与AITC联合对2种致病菌的效应差异都具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。UVA-LED和1 mg/mL AITC联用时副溶血性弧菌的存活率降低至 – 6.15 lg。  结论  UVA-LED与烯丙基异硫氰酸盐的联用,对肠致病性大肠杆菌和副溶血弧菌的杀菌效果都存在显著的协同作用。     

Effects of different light sources used for dental operating microscope illumination on the visual function of operators

ObjectivesAdvances in dental operative microscopes (DOMs) enable examination of root canal morphology or detection of root fractures otherwise not visible to the naked eye. However, dental therapy involving prolonged use of DOMs requires precision within a limited visual field, resulting in eye strain among users. This study examined the effects of halogen and light-emitting diode (LED) light sources on asthenopia and visual function following use of DOMs.MethodsThe study used halogen and LED light sources in DOMs. The first experiment was conducted on 6 participants with corrected visual acuity without any organic eye disease. General visual function test (calculation ability test, hand grip strength test, and ophthalmic examination) and subjective symptom questionnaire were used to evaluate the degree of fatigue before and after DOM use. The second experiment was conducted on 9 participants with spherical equivalents within ±4 diopters (D) and astigmatism of 1 D or less. Accommodative function tests (precise test for asthenopia) and a subjective symptom questionnaire (asthenopia) were used before and after use of DOM.ResultsNo significant changes were noted in the degree of fatigue and ophthalmological parameters before and after the procedure with either light source or in between light sources. The tear firm breakup time was shortened after therapy, and a tendency toward dry eyes was observed while using the LED light source.ConclusionsThe halogen and LED light sources used for DOM therapy had similar effects on asthenopia of the operators, with no significant changes in visual function.     

810 nm diode laser for hair reduction with Chill-tip technology: prospective observational analysis of 55 patients of Fitzpatrick skin types III,IV,V

ABSTRACT

Background: Various light based technologies like Diode, long pulsed Nd:Yag and Intense Pulsed Light are used commonly for long-term hair reduction. The commonest indication is hirsutism.

Aim: 1. To evaluate efficacy and safety of 810 nm Diode laser in Fitzpatrick skin types III, IV and V.

2. To assess percentage of cases on the basis of indications, average number of sessions, fluence required, the long-term results and complications using diode laser in darker skin types.

Methods: A prospective observational study of 55 consecutive patients who came for laser hair reduction by 810 nm Light Sheer Diode laser with Chill tip technology was carried out. The sessions were conducted at an interval of 4–6 weeks and the patients were followed up over a period of 2 years. Data was analyzed using software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science. Ver.12, Inc. Chicago, USA).

Results: Fifty-five patients (51 females and 4 males) were studied. 67.3% (n = 37) had skin type IV. The most common area treated was chin (n = 23). The average growth reduction of terminal hair at the end of three sessions was 61.25%. Only 8% (n = 4) had short-term side effects.

Conclusion: Diode laser is highly effective for long-term hair reduction of terminal hair growth in Fitzpatrick skin type III, IV and V with no permanent side effects.

Abbreviations: LHR (Laser Hair Reduction)     

Changes in oxidative metabolism of murine spleen following laser and superluminous diode (660–950 nm) irradiation: Effects of cellular composition and radiation parameters

Chemiluminescence (CL) of splenocytes of A/Sn mice was recorded after irradiation of the cells with various individual laser an superluminous diode probes at wavelengths from 660 to 950 nm (pulse repetition rates varying from 4 to 5,000 Hz) and at various doses. Laser radiation was found to increase or suppress the spontaneous CL of splenocytes suspension, the amplitude and the sign of the effect depending on the cellular composition of the samples. Direct correlations between the effect of laser radiation (per cent in changes of CL when irradiated at 820 nm, 1.1.10³ J/m², 292 Hz) and per cent of plasmacytes (r = 0.743, P<0.001), neutrophils (r = 0.650, P<0.001) as well as myelocytes and metamyelocytes (r = 0.505, P<0.01) were established. The correlation with per cent of lymphocytes (r = ?0.590, P<0.001) was found to be a reverse one. Dependence of the irradiation effects on dose, pulse repetition rate, and wavelength are presented. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Detection of urinary incontinence during ambulatory monitoring of bladder function by a temperature-sensitive device

Objectives To determine whether the difference between urinary and perineal temperatures is sufficient to allow registration of incontinent episodes by detection of temperature change alone. To design and assess the use of a diode-based temperature-sensitive device in the detection of episodes of urinary incontinence in long-term ambulatory monitoring (LTAM) studies. Subjects and methods Perineal temperature recordings were made in 46 women during various activities. A temperature-sensitive device consisting of six IN4148 diodes, spanning 5 cm, and a nearby reference negative diode, was placed in a light perineal pad and attached to a portable amplifier/digitizer and recorder. The performance of the device was determined by comparison with increases in pad weight in 51 incontinent and 23 continent control subjects. Results A sufficient temperature differential existed between perineal and urinary temperature during all activities except being seated with crossed legs. Incontinence was reliably detected by the temperature-sensitive device. The device had a sensitivity of 95.2% and a specificity of 90.6% compared to a pad test. Conclusions This temperature-sensitive device offers a new method for detecting urinary incontinence during LTAM studies. It can be fitted in an unobtrusive perineal pad and has a higher sensitivity and specificity for the detection of incontinence when compared to a pad test. It may also be used as a marker of voiding in ambulatory studies not employing an integrated voiding channel.     

光固化树脂表面处理剂对牙齿美白后反色效应的影响

目的 研究光固化树脂表面处理剂是否对牙齿美白后反色效应有所影响.方法 将24颗完整的离体磨牙或前磨牙于美白前以分光测色仪SCM-104记录CIE (L*, a*, b*)值作为基准值.在各样本颊侧涂35%浓度的过氧化氢,波长 (810±10)nm二极体激光照射完成漂白.以分光比色仪记录美白后釉质表面的ΔE.将24颗样本随机均分为L+B组(表面涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂)与L组(不涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂),n=12.记录涂布表面处理剂后的釉质表面色差ΔE1,所有样本保存在蒸馏水中1 h避免脱水,1 h后记录釉质表面色差ΔE2.将L+B组与L组随机各自均分为两小组,其中(L+B)W与LW组浸泡于37 ℃蒸馏水及(L+B)T与LT组浸泡于37 ℃茶水中,n=6,完成老化测试.记录各小组各时间点的颜色变化CIE (L1*, a1*, b1*).对涂布处理剂前后和老化试验后的实验数据进行单因素方差分析和样本均数的t检验.扫描电子显微镜观察各处理样本4周时间点的牙釉质表面微观结构.结果 ΔE(8.46±3.7)与ΔE1(8.32±3.97)及ΔE2(7.82±2.74)之间没有显著差异(P>0.05).老化实验LW与(L+B)W组按各个时间点测定色差值之间均没有统计学差异 (P>0.05) ,LT与(L+B)T组以各时间点比较各组间色差的变化,结果 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).扫描电镜显示样本美白处理后的釉质表面存在破坏,空洞.而涂布表面处理剂后的样本釉质可变得光滑.老化实验蒸馏水组样本均只见少量块状染色层、孔洞.茶水(L+B)T组样本表光滑,有部分裂痕,片状染色层颜色分解不明显.而LT组样本表面是有孔洞的粗糙面及清晰的茶水染色层.结论 涂布Adper Single Bond 2 Adhesive光固化树脂表面处理剂能够使激光美白后的牙釉质表面变得平滑,降低色层的黏附,从而起到牙齿美白后降低反色效应的作用.