乙酸溶解-酶消化法制备医用胶原膜

目的:探讨I型胶原的提取和胶原膜的制备方法。方法：取新鲜成年牛跟腱，用乙酸溶解-酶消化法提取I型胶原，并进行盐析、透析、纯化得到精制的液态胶原，用戊二醛进行交联。结果：提取的胶原紫外分光光谱最高吸收峰值为230 nm左右；聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳呈现2条相邻带(相对分子质量98 000左右)，符合I型胶原的特性。冻干交联胶原膜呈白色海绵状，具有一定弹性。扫描电镜观察胶原膜为孔网状结构，孔径15～50 μm。 结论：乙酸溶解-酶消化法提取牛腱胶原是一种简单、理想的方法，可得到含量及纯度较高的Ι型胶原。     

消化内科实习中高仿真模拟技术与PBL教学的应用

目的：探讨高仿真模拟技术结合PBL教学法在消化内科见习中的应用.方法：将齐齐哈尔医学院2009级120名学生随机分为高仿真模拟技术结合PBL教学组及传统教学组并评估教学效果.结果：两组测试成绩差异明显,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：高仿真模拟技术结合PBL教学法在教与学两方面促进了教学质量的提高,受到学生的普遍认可.     

Effect of Maillard reaction conditions on antigenicity of β-lactoglobulin and the properties of glycated whey protein during simulated gastric digestion

Response surface methodology was employed to study the effects of Maillard reaction conditions on the antigenicity of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) in whey protein isolate (WPI) and to optimise the Maillard reaction conditions of WPI conjugate with oligoisomaltose under which the antigenicity of β-LG reduced to the minimum value. The antigenicity of β-LG and α-lactalbumin (α-LA) in natural and glycated WPI during simulated gastric digestion were investigated. The antigenicity of β-LG was reduced from 272.4 µg mL^?1 to 30.99 µg mL^?1 under the optimal Maillard reaction conditions. After 120 min simulated gastric digestion, the antigenicity of β-LG in natural and glycated WPI were 42.83 µg mL^?1 and 15.66 µg mL^?1, respectively. And the antigenicity of α-LA in natural and glycated WPI were 0.78 µg mL^?1 and 0.03 µg mL^?1, respectively.     

Gastric emptying rate in subjects with malocclusion examined by [13C] breath test

Masticatory function is significantly lower in individuals with malocclusion than in those with normal occlusion. Although several studies suggest that masticatory function influences gastrointestinal digestive function, the relationship between malocclusion and gastrointestinal symptoms has not been studied extensively. We hypothesised that insufficient masticatory function would increase the functional burden of the stomach and have some influence on the gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this study was to investigate masticatory function and gastric emptying rate in subjects with malocclusion. Eleven healthy dentate female volunteers and eleven female patients with maloc‐clusion underwent a ¹³C‐acetate breath test with a liquid meal. Maximum ¹³CO₂ exhalation time (T_max) was compared statistically between both groups. Masticatory function was assessed by colour‐changeable chewing gum. In addition, the frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroeso‐phageal reflux disease (FSSG) and questionnaires on food intake were given to both groups. The mean T_max of the malocclusion group was significantly longer than that of the normal occlusion group (P = 0·007). Masticatory performance, measured by colour‐changeable gum and questionnaires, was significantly lower in the malocclusion group than in the normal occlusion group (P = 0·023, P = 0·003). There was no significant difference in the FSSG results between the two groups (P = 0·262). This study suggested that there was a correlation between malocclusion and gastric emptying function in women.     

Comparison of the in vitro toxicity of ancient Triticum monococcum varieties ID331 and Monlis

Abstract

Triticum monococcum L. is one of the oldest ancestors of wheat. There is some evidence that einkorn encloses forms of gliadin-deriving peptides which may potentially exert a reduced toxicity to consumers with gluten-related disorders. Accordingly, ID331 and Monlis lines were comparatively investigated in this study. The biological effects of gastro-resistant peptides deriving from an in vitro simulated digestion were evaluated on 21 d differentiated Caco-2 cells. Triticum aestivum digested gliadin was included as the positive control. ID331 neither enhanced cell permeability nor induced zonulin release in Caco-2 monolayers. Monlis exerted a detectable toxicity as confirmed by the reorganisation of enterocyte cytoskeleton, in addition to changes both in monolayers permeability and apical release of zonulin. Differences in patterns of gastro-resistant prolamins may account for the differences. Outcomes support the use of ID331 as a prospective candidate for the development of innovative approaches to reduce wheat flour toxicity.     

注射用血栓通中三七元素迁移的规律

目的:分析注射用血栓通中三七从原料到成品全过程的元素迁移规律,以便更好地控制成品中元素杂质。方法:采用ICP-MS法全面分析三七药材、三七总皂苷(中间体)和注射用血栓通中21种元素的含量。结果:21种元素的标准曲线相关系数r均在0. 999以上,回收率在92. 71%～107. 07%之间,RSD均在5%以内。三七药材中铝、铁含量较高,铅、砷、汞、镉、铜符合中华人民共和国药典的相关规定,三七总皂苷(中间体)和注射用血栓通中多数元素均未检出或含量极低。结论:注射用血栓通的提取工艺可有效去除三七中大部分元素,重金属及有害元素也降到较低水平。     

Evaluation of the sensitivity of Moroccans to shrimp tropomyosin and effect of heating and enzymatic treatments

The aim of this work was to evaluate the IgE-sensitivity to shrimp tropomyosin (ST) in a Moroccan population from Fez region, and then to study the effect of temperature and enzymatic digestion on the allergenicity of ST. This work was conducted with a questionnaire completed by a sera-bank, obtained from 500 patients recruited from Fez Hospitals. Their sera were analyzed for specific IgE-sensitivity to ST. From questionnaire, 9.8% reported allergy to fish and shellfish where shrimp was one of the most common species causing allergy in patients. Evaluation of specific IgE showed that 10.2% of patients present higher values. Further indirect ELISA and Dot-blot results indicated that ST showed a decrease in the human IgE binding under heating or pepsin hydrolysis. These results demonstrate that this population was sensitive to ST and the sensitivity could be reduced by heating and more where it was digested by pepsin.     

Gastric and masticatory performances in full‐arch immediate loading rehabilitated patients

Full‐arch immediate loading implant rehabilitations provide patients with compromised dentition an effective treatment to improve their aesthetic and function. Aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the correlation between masticatory ability and gastric emptying rates among these patients. Ten subjects (five men and five women) with compromised dentition were tested in two occasions: before treatment and 30 days after the immediate loading rehabilitation. Masticatory ability was evaluated using the sieves test, and the gastric half emptying time (T_1/2) was assessed by means of the ¹³C‐octanoic acid breath test. A statistically significant increment (P < 0·005) in masticatory ability was found only in reference to the particles smaller than or equal to 4·75 mm, whereas the gastric emptying rate showed a statistically significant reduction between pre‐ and post‐treatment (P = 0·003). A moderate negative correlation (rho = 0·64, P = 0·048) between the percentage change in masticatory ability and the percentage change in gastric emptying rate was evidenced. Patients with compromised dentition rehabilitated with full‐arch immediate implant prostheses present a significant improvement of the gastric process.     

Streptokinase may play role in expanding non-operative management of infected walled off pancreatic necrosis: Preliminary results

Goals and backgroundWe evaluated ex and in vivo effect of streptokinase on pancreatic necrosum to improve the success rate of pigtail catheter drainage and irrigation in infected walled off pancreatic necrosis using step up approach and also looked at potential risk of bleeding.Experiment and clinical cases1000 IU/ml of streptokinase was added to 10 g. of intra-operatively obtained fresh tissue of peripancreatic necrosis and results compared to treatment with saline. Mixture was incubated for 12 h in thermostat at 37.5 °C and subjected to histopathology. Subsequently streptokinase (50,000 units thrice a day for 5 days through PCD) was used in two patients with walled off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) not responding to step up approach and who were being considered for surgery.Grossly there was fragmentation of necrosum in streptokinase treated tissue. Microscopically complete loss of supportive collagenous framework was noted in streptokinase treated necrosum with clumping of necrotic tissue into structure-less mass. No such changes were discernible in saline treated tissue. In two patients with WOPN there was clearance of debris after streptokinase instillation. None of the patients was on thromboprophylaxis and bleeding was not noticed in any of the patients.ConclusionBased on ex vivo effect of streptokinase in dissolution of necrosum at periphery, we believe that in patients with walled off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) not responding to pigtail catheter drainage and saline irrigation; streptokinase may prove to be useful adjunct.