糖化血红蛋白测定在妊娠糖尿病诊断中的临床意义

目的:探讨糖化血红蛋白在妊娠糖尿病诊断中的临床意义。方法:对正常妊娠组60例、糖耐量异常组60例及糖尿病组56例等血清进行FPG、口腹50g葡萄糖筛选实验和HbAIc的测定。结果:HbA lc的阳性率在正常妊娠组、糖耐量异常组和GDM组中分别为3.33%、25%和80.4%,GDM组与正常妊娠组和糖耐量异常组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05),空腹血糖阳性率在三组中分别为8.33%、10%和37.5%,糖筛查实验阳性率在三组中分别为20%、20%和83.9%,妊娠糖尿病的并发症随HbAIc的增高而增多。结论:HbAIc在妊娠糖尿病诊断和监测中具有重要意义。     

北京地区7~18岁青少年血脂现状调查

目的通过最新一轮的北京地区儿童青少年血脂调查，建立新的正常参考值。 方法于2004-09，随机选取7~18岁北京市中小学生共971人，均来自北京市区及郊区各县。根据年龄(每3岁为一年龄段)及性别分为8组(7~9岁男、女组；~12岁男、女组；~15岁男、女组；~18岁男、女组)，应用日立7060型全自动生化分析仪检测其空腹血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL C)浓度，分别取TC、LDL C第75百分位及第90百分位点作为临界高限及高胆固醇血症浓度，取TG第90百分位点作为高甘油三酯血症浓度，取HDL C第5百分位点作为低高密度脂蛋白浓度，建立北京地区儿童血脂参考值。 结果971名儿童的血浆脂蛋白含量值呈正偏态分布，7~9岁男女性别组间血脂4项浓度；~12岁性别组间TG含量女高于男，余3项无统计学差异；~15岁性别组间TC及LDL C含量女高于男，余2项无统计学差异；~18岁性别组间TC及HDL C女高于男，余2项无统计学差异。 结论通过对971名北京市中小学生的血脂调查，建立了北京地区不同年龄性别儿童青少年的血脂正常值，确立了临界高胆固醇和高胆固醇血症浓度、高甘油三酯血症浓度和低高密度脂蛋白浓度。     

论医学院校人文课程的价值功能

在传统生物医学模式下,医学的自然科学属性被无限放大,而人文科学属性未被受到重视甚至被忽视,随着现代生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变,人文科学的作用重新成为医学院校关注的热点和重点.认真审视医学院校人文课程的性质与地位,充分发挥其价值功能,对于提高医学生的人文素养,培养具有人文精神的21世纪医学工作者具有重要意义.     

Diagnosis and management of Alzheimer's disease

The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a 2-stage process, in stage 1, the dementia syndrome, comprising neuropsychologic and neuropsychiatrie components together with deficits in activities of daily living, is differentiated on clinical grounds from a number of other conditions (delirium, concomitant physical illness, drug treatment normal memory loss, etc), in stage 2, the cause is determined, AD being the most common, followed by vascular dementia, Lewy-body dementia, frontal lobe dementia, and a host of so-called secondary causes. Although a mixed Alzheimer/vascular picture is common, gradual onset of multiple cognitive deficits is typical of AD, while abrupt onset, a fluctuating course, hypertension, and focal neurologic signs suggest vascular dementia, in Lewy-body dementia, memory loss may not be an early feature, and fluctuation can be marked by distressing psychotic symptoms and behavioral disturbance, investigations should be minimally invasive and relatively cheap, confined to routine blood tests, chest x-ray and/or electrocardiogram if clinically indicated, cardiologie or neurologic referral in the presence of cerebrovascular signs, and computed tomography if an intracranial lesion is suspected. Accurate diagnosis enables the clinician to outline the disease course to the family and inform them of genetic implications. Numerous instruments for assessing cognitive function, global status, psychiatric well-being, and activities of daily living are briefly reviewed.     

Synthesis and biological characterization of 99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine complex,a potential diagnostic for assessment of renal function

Cysteine containing three functional groups, i.e. a carboxyl, sulfhydryl, and amino group, has been labelled with ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl precursor ( 2 ) in order to study the renal characteristics of the resulting ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine ( 3 ) versus the reference ^99mTc‐MAG₃ ( 1 ). The ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine ( 3 ) was prepared in good yields and characterized by HPLC, eletrophoresis, and eletrospray mass spectrometry. The plasma protein binding rate of ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine ( 3 ) was about 70 to 80%, and similar to that of ¹³¹I‐OIH (70%) but lower than that of ^99mTc‐MAG₃ (90%). The T_1/2 of ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine (4.30±0.79 min) in the kidney was higher than the one of ^99mTc‐MAG₃ (2.43±0.70 min). The static image of ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine at 5 min post injection showed high concentrated activity in the kidney. And in the 15, 30 min post injection images, most activity appeared in the bladder without a residue in other organs. The ^99mTc(I) tricarbonyl cysteine exhibited biological behavior comparable to ^99mTc‐MAG₃ and it is expected to have diagnostic potential for imaging renal function in nuclear medicine. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

维生素C制造业核心竞争力分析

目的 :探讨我国维生素C制造业核心竞争力的发展途径。方法 :分析我国维生素C产业特点及在我国加入WTO后形成的新竞争态势 ;研究我国维生素C制造企业内部价值链。结果与结论 :发展新的核心竞争力应着重培育以创新为基本特征的企业价值链内核。     

血清鳞癌相关抗原及糖类抗原对早期宫颈癌的诊断价值

分析血清鳞癌相关抗原及糖类抗原对早期宫颈癌的诊断价值,为临床诊断及治疗提供参考。选取本院2012年12月至2018年6月期间收治的80例早期宫颈癌患者(早期宫颈癌组)的临床资料,分析鳞癌抗原(SCC-Ag)和糖类抗原(CA19-9,CA125,CA153)对早期宫颈癌的诊断价值。以同期健康体检者60例(对照组)和宫颈上皮瘤样病变患者68例(瘤样病变组)为对照。与对照组和瘤样病变组相比,早期宫颈癌组患者血清中SCC-Ag 、CA19-9、CA125、CA153阳性率和水平明显升高(P<0.05),且随着FIGO分期的升高,上述因子水平逐步升高(P<0.05)。因此,血清鳞癌相关抗原联合糖类抗原对早期宫颈癌有重要的诊断价值,值得临床推广。     

Evaluation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters in discriminating preperimetric glaucoma from high myopia

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic ability of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in discriminating non-highly myopic eyes with preperimetric glaucoma (PPG) from highly myopic healthy eyes. METHODS: A total of 254 eyes, including 76 normal controls (NC), 116 eyes with high myopia (HM) and 62 non-highly myopic eyes with PPG were enrolled. The diagnostic ability of OCT parameters was accessed by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve in two distinguishing groups: PPG eyes with non-glaucomatous eyes including NC and HM (Group 1), and PPG eyes with HM eyes (Group 2). Differences in diagnostic performance between GCIPL and RNFL parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: The minimum (AUROC curve of 0.782), inferotemporal (0.758) and inferior (0.705) GCIPL thickness were the top three GCIPL parameters in discriminating PPG from non-glaucomatous eyes, all of which had statistically significant lower diagnostic ability than average RNFL thickness (0.847). In discriminating PPG from HM, the best GCIPL parameter was minimum (0.689), statistically significant lower in diagnostic ability than average RNFL thickness (0.789) and three other RNFL thickness parameters of temporal and inferotemporal clock-hour sectors. CONCLUSION: The minimum GCIPL thickness is the best GCIPL parameter to detect non-highly myopic PPG from highly myopic eyes, whose diagnostic ability is inferior to that of average RNFL thickness and RNFL thickness of several temporal and inferotemporal clock-hour sectors. The average RNFL thickness is recommended for discriminating PPG from highly myopic healthy eyes in current clinical practice in a Chinese population.     

早期预测食物过敏高风险儿童方法探讨

目的探讨联合多种危险因素获得的过敏风险评分预测食物过敏高风险儿童的价值。方法采用问卷调查方式获得≤3岁婴幼儿的过敏危险因素信息,以多元logistic逐步回归分析婴幼儿食物过敏危险因素,计算各危险因素对食物过敏的阳性预测值,依据回归方程计算过敏风险评分,通过ROC曲线评价过敏风险评分在筛查食物过敏高风险儿童中的价值。结果获得78例确诊为食物过敏及156例非过敏性疾病的≤3岁婴幼儿的回顾性调查信息。其中过敏性疾病家族史、剖宫产、孕期使用抗生素或解热镇痛药、孕期吸烟或接触吸烟环境、孕期接触杀虫剂或驱蚊剂、家中饲养宠物均是婴幼儿发生食物过敏的危险因素(P0.05)。过敏家族史预测食物过敏的阳性预测值为63.2%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.696(95%CI:0.620～0.771)。当联合多因素获得的过敏风险评分≥2.85时,其预测食物过敏的AUC为0.804(95%CI:0.746～0.863),灵敏度为0.526,特异度为0.910,尤登指数为0.436。结论多危险因素联合指标筛查食物过敏高风险儿童的预测价值高于过敏家族史。